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Assignment On Nebulization

Nebulization

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238 views6 pages

Assignment On Nebulization

Nebulization

Uploaded by

lintubabu0
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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INTRODUCTION

Inhalation therapy has played a pivotal role in the vistas of pulmonary drug delivery since

ancient times, as a way of relieving respiratory diseases. In this therapy, the active

pharmaceutical ingredients are administered directly to the site of action. Several classes of

drugs are available for inhalation, e.g. β2-agonist, corticosteroids, anticholinergic drugs etc.

Next to these antiasthamatic drugs, inhalation of antibiotics is frequently applied for patients

with cystic fibrosis. Nebulization is a common method of medical aerosol generation and it is

largely used by adults and children all over the world, particularly for asthma and chronic

obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) [15]. The word “nebulizer” (from the Latin “nebula”,

mist) was first used in 1872 and was defined in 1874 as “an instrument for converting liquid

drugs into a wet mist.

Definition

Process of dispersing a liquid (medication) into microscopic particles and delivering into

lungs as patient inhales through the nebulizer.

It is used to liquefy and remove retained secretions from the respiratory tract.

Most aerosol medication have Broncho dilating effects and are administered by respiratory

therapy personnel.

Purposes

• To relieve respiratory insufficiency due to broncho spasm.

• To correct the underlying respiratory disorders responsible for broncho spasm.

• To liquefy and remove retained thick secretions

 To reduce inflammatory and allergic responses of the upper respiratory tract.

• To correct humidify deficit resulting from inspired air by passing the airway during

the use of mechanical ventilation in critically and post-surgical patents.

• When a person has an acute asthma attack.


• When a person is in respiratory distress.

• If a person is unable to use an inhaler.

• If a person has stridor.

• Respiratory congestions.

• Pneumonia

• Atelectasis.

• Asthma

Types of nebulizer

• Inhaler or meterd-dose nebulizer

• Jet nebulizer

• Ultrasonic nebulizer

Functions

• A nebulizer is a device that uses a small compressor to convert liquid medication into tiny

droplets of mist that can be inhaled directly into the lungs.

• Since the medication goes straight to the lungs, onset of the medication’s action often takes

place rapidly.

• This promotes quick symptom relief in the case of illnesses such as asthma, where fast relief

is desirable

Also, it minimizes the risk of side effects of the medication, preventing the medication from

being metabolized into a less effective form by the body.

Equipments

• Nebulizer and nebulizer connecting tube.

• Mouthpiece/mask
• Respiratory medication to be administered.

• Normal saline solution.

• Sterile water

• Cotton balls

• Face mask

• Sputum mug with disinfectant

• Disposable tissues.

• Kidney tray

• Medication card

Procedure

• Identify patient and check physician’s instructions.

• Monitor heart rate before and after the treatment for patients using bronchodilator drugs.

• Explain the procedure to the patient. This therapy depends on the patient’s effort.

• Place the patient in a comfortable sitting or a semi fowlers position

• Add the prescribed amount of medications to the medicine chamber of the tubing. Connect

the

tube to the compressor. A fine mist from the device should be visible.

• Place the mask on patient’s face to cover his mouth and nose and instruct him to inhale

deeply

and slowly through mouth, hold breath and then exhale several times

• Observe expansion of chest to ascertain that patient is taking deep breaths.

• Instruct the patient to breath slowly and deeply until all the medications is nebulized.

• On completion of the treatment encourage the patient to cough after several deep breaths.

• On completion of the treatment encourage the patient to cough after several deep breaths.

• Document the medication used and the description of the secretions expectorated.
• Disassemble and clean nebulizer after each use. Keep the equipment in patient’s room.

Tubing’s to be changed in every 48 hours.

• Wash the hands.

After care

• Each time it is used, wash the nebulizer chamber in warm water or clean with a spirit swab

and then rinse thoroughly with clean water.

• Do not use a brush to clean the nebulizer chamber as it may damage it.

• Reconnect the nebulizer chamber to the tubing and blow air from it.

• This will dry the nebulizer chamber and tubing.

• Disconnect the nebulizer chamber from the tubing and allow it to dry completely.

• Disconnect the tubing from the compressor unit.

Side effects

• Dry or irritated throat, temporary or occasional cough

• Sneezing, stuffy or itchy nose, watery eyes.

• Burning or bleeding of your nose

• Nausea, heartburn, stomach pain.

• Urinating more or less than usual.

• Dizziness, drowsiness, headache.

• Unusual or unpleasant taste in your mouth.

Contraindications

In some cases, nebulization is restricted or avoided due to possible untoward results or rather

decreased effectiveness such as:

• Patients with unstable and increased blood pressure

• Individuals with cardiac irritability (may result to dysrhythmias)

• Persons with increased pulses


• Unconscious patients (inhalation may be done via mask but the therapeutic effect may be

significantly low)

Conclusion

Nebulization is a common procedure used for the management of patients with respiratory

distress.

Proper administration provides the best results. We have to look for the side effects and

contraindications also.

References

[1]N.T. Michael, Drug Delivery: Pulmonary Route In: S. James, Encyclopaedia of

Pharmaceutical Technology, 3rd Edition, Vol-2, New York, Informa Healthcare. 2007, 1279-

1286.

[2]S. Mukhopadhyay, M. Singh, JI. Cater, S. Ogston, M. Franklin, R.E. Olver, Thorax, 1996,

51, 364-368.

[3]D.J. Touw, R.W. Brimicombe, M.E. Hodson, H.G.M. Heijerman, W. Bakker, Eur. Respir.

J., 1995, 8, 1594- 1604. [


ASSIGNMENT ON NEBULIZATION

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