WEEK 5

LEADERSHIP

Defining Leader and Leadership

An adage state that leaders are not born but they are developed. Basically, this topic covers the basic
theories and principles of leadership that you need to learn to prepare you as good leaders in the future.
The success of every group endeavor in whatever nature of work in the field of business, social, political,
spiritual and others will always reflect from the good qualities of a leader and the type of the leadership
manifested.
Who actually is leader?
Microsoft Encarta 2006 has defined leader in three key roles:
1. AS A GUIDE – where the leader assumes the role as the director, organizer, mentor, teacher and
adviser.
2. AS A FRONTRUNNER – where the leader can be a spearhead, leading light, trailblazer and ground
breaker.
3. AS A HEAD – where he or she can be called chief, manager, superior, principal, boss and supervisor.

LEADERSHIP
Is defined as a process of giving control, guidance, headship, direction and governance. It is
synonymous with the basic principles of management. In fact, leading is one of the action words and
components of management field, though, it has different perspectives.
Bass (1981) defined leadership as “influence”. That is the art of influencing people so that they strive
willingly and enthusiastically toward the achievement of group goals. Ideally, people should be
encouraged to develop not only willingness to work with zeal and confidence. Zeal is ardors, earnestness
and intensity in the execution of work; confidence reflects experience and technical ability.
J. Oswald Sanders said it first: “The true measure of leadership is influence-nothing more, nothing
less”. It is about influencing in a worthwhile cause. It is not dependent on titles or positions. It is
dependent on someone catching vision and mobilizing others to join him in its fulfillment. When this
happens, leadership arises in its purest form. It happens to every organization at one point or another,
especially, when there’s no system or plan. In this time, there is no expectation of progress.

BUILDING BLOCKS IN LEADERSHIP

A leader is a human like you. Sometimes you also experience failures. But what makes it laudable is
when you take the initiative to reflect from your failures and work to conquer them.

SERVANT LEADERSHIP
“The law of service: He who wishes to live long must serve, but he who wishes to rule does not live
long”- Hesse.
The new trend now in leadership is termed as “Servant Leadership”. Different views on this emanated
from pious doctrines where Jesus Christ depicted as the best model of servant leader. A leader who
humbled Himself to serve His disciples especially when He performed the “washing of the feet”
symbolizes humility and humbleness of Christ.
 TEN PRINCIPLES OF SERVANT LEADERHIP
Seeks to identify the will of a group and helps clarify that will. The
1. Listening
servant leader seeks to listen receptively to what is being said.
Strives to understand and empathize with others. People need to be
2. Empathy
accepted and recognized for their special and unique spirits.
Becomes one of the greatest strengths of servant leadership,
the potential for healing one’s self and others whereby many
3. Healing
people have broken spirits and have suffered from a variety of
emotional hurts.
Aids the servant leader in understanding issues that involve ethics
4. Awareness and values and view most situations from a more integrated and
holistic position
Reminds servant leaders to give primary reliance on persuasion
5. Persuasion
rather than positional authority in making decisions within an
organization
Seeks to nurture the servant leaders’ abilities to “dream great
6. Conceptualization dreams”. The ability to look at a problem (or in organization) from a
conceptualizing perspective means that one must think beyond
day-to-day realities with sensible and functional ideas
Enables the servant leader to understand the lessons and events
7. Foresight from the past, the realities and phenomena of the present and
the likely impact of a decision for the future.
Prioritizes the needs of others and emphasizes the use of
8. Stewardship
openness and persuasion rather than control.
Makes servant leaders believe that people have essential value
9. Commitment to the
beyond their concrete contributions as workers thereby the servant
Growth of People
leader is deeply committed to the growth of each individual.
Suggests that true community can be created among those who work in
10. Building Community
business and other institutions.

Greenleaf as cited by Frick (2004) said: “All that is needed to rebuild community as a viable life form
for large numbers of people is for enough servant leaders to show the way, not by mass movements, but
by each servant leader demonstrating his/her own unlimited liability for a quite specific community related
group.

LEADERSHIP BEHAVIORS
There is no specific leadership behavior that would guarantee efficiency and effectiveness of the
operation/mission of a certain group or organization. The adoption of a particular leadership behavior
depends on the nature of the leader, members, and work of a certain organization. Four types of
leadership are listed below. Examine each type carefully and find out which one applies to you as a
leader.
● Authoritarian Leadership - leads men by means of the rank position. A self-centered type of
 leadership where the leader believes he or she is the only one capable of directing the
subordinates.
● Paternalistic Leadership - leads men by always setting an example. This type of leader
manifests an example of a father, who seems to be always after the welfare of his children.
● Participative Leadership -makes the men participate actively in the activity or task in the
organization but reserves the right to make final decisions on critical matters.
● Laisse-Faire Leadership - leaves decision making to the subordinates. The leader will give
assignment, and then it is up for the subordinates to accomplish the task in whatever manner they
can.

CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD LEADER

● Integrity of character. The word is synonymous to honor. It is a fine sense of ethics, justice, and
righteousness with a readiness to apply it to one’s own conduct. It is the determination to meet any
obligation, however distasteful.
● Willingness to accept responsibilities. Acceptance of responsibility signifies a desire to lead and
this desire is strengthened by increasing interest. Some great leaders had achieved success after
much effort. Their successes can be attributed to infinite patience, hard work and a desire for
success that never recognized defeat.

QUALITIES OF A GOOD LEADER

According to Zulueta (1999), the essence of leadership is followership. This means influencing
people to work willingly enthusiastically toward the achievement of group goals. Willingness to work
means working with zeal and confidence (Zulueta 1999). Maxwell (2002) further opines that what
matters most is not whether one influences someone, but, how one will use that influences.

TRAITS OF A GOOD LEADER ACCORDING TO ZULUETA AND JOSEPH P. LEVERIZA

1. Knowledge - this refers to the acquired knowledge of the profession not only on the job, but also a
thorough knowledge on the capabilities and limitations of the subordinates.
2. Bearing - this is dignity in appearance and behavior to earn respect.
3. Courage - ability to accept or meet challenges with calmness and fearlessness.
4. Endurance - mental and physical stamina to withstand pain and hardships and continue rigorously
in pursuing the goals and objectives of the organization.
5. Enthusiasm - this is the higher degree of interest and sensitivity in responding to the needs of the
organization.
6. Integrity - is good moral character and impeccable integrity.
7. Dependability - is the ability to demonstrate a higher degree of initiative in the performance of his
duty even with or without supervision.
8. Decisiveness - is the ability to decide promptly and correctly at the proper time and express them
clearly.
9. Initiative - is the ability to start or originate an idea, suggestion, proposal or concept leading to the
action when others are absent or passive.
10. Judgment - is the power of the mind to weigh various factors and arrive at a sound decision.
11. Justice - is the ability to render judgment to conform to the principles of reason, to stated laws,
policies and rules and to generally accepted standards of right and wrong, impartially in rendering
punishment and giving credit where credit is due.
12. Loyalty - is the sincerity and faithfulness to the ideals of the organization where he belongs.
13. Tact - is the ability to deal with others without giving offense.
14. Unselfishness - is the avoidance of providing for one’s own comfort or advantage at the expense
of others.
15. Force - is the ability to demonstrate efficacious power within the bounds of law to compete
obedience among his subordinates.
16. Humility - is the state of being reasonably modest and not proud, assuming, arrogant nor
boastful.
17. Humor - is the mental disposition to appreciate amusing incidents of everyday life in a comical
way.
18. Sympathy - refers to the ability to understand and share the feelings of another, especially in time
of sorrow or adversity.
19. Empathy - is the ability to wear someone else’s shoes; intellectual and emotional identification of
feelings, thought and attitudes with subordinates affected by pain or misfortune.
 20. Wit - this refers to keen perception and appropriate expression of amusing words and ideas which
awaken amusement and pleasure.

CATEGORY DESCRIPTION OF A LEADER

1. The Contributing Leader is focused on providing reliable source to the team. This leader sets high
standards for personal and team performance. Team members credit this kind of leader with excellent
organizational abilities, including management of budget and schedules. Members of the team may
criticize this kind of leader for narrowness of mental picture and firmness.

2. The Collaborating Leader is focused on fulfilling the overall goals and mission of the team. This
works well with others in a “bahala na”, spirit of flexibility. Team members credit this kind of leader with
vision and far-ranging intellect. Members may criticize this kind of leader for losing track of details and
undervaluing small but necessary tasks.

3. The Communicating Leader is focused on the processes by which the team attains goals. This
leader listens well and encourages participation by all team members. Team members credit this kind
of leader with ‘people skills” and conflict resolution abilities. Members may criticize this kind of leader
for caring more for people and processes than for results.

4. The Challenging Leader is focused on enhancing team performance through “gradfy” questions and
comments. This leader often disagrees (or appears to disagree) with the approaches, processes and
conclusions of the group. Team members credit this kind of leader with permitting risk and
independent judgment. Members may criticize this kind of leader for being so perfectionist without
considering the weaknesses of others in terms of their capabilities.

Activity 5
Discussion Letter
Instruction: In a short bond paper, select one (1) president and explain what makes them a good
leader. (200 Words)
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Criteria:
Content - 30%
Relevance - 25%
Grammar - 25%
Handwriting - 20%
100%

End of Fifth week

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