Math 273 Term Final Question

Fourier Analysis
MME 19:

CSE 19:
CSE 18:

CSE 15:
CSE 17:

CSE 16:
CSE 14:
CSE 13:

CSE 12:
CSE 11:

CSE 10:
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L-2rr-lIMME Date: 20/03/2022

BANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DHAKA
L-2/T -I B, Sc. Engineering Examinations 2020-2021

Sub: MATH 273 (Matrices, Series Solutions and Fourier Analysis)

Full Marks: 210 Time: 3 Hours

The figures in the margin indicate full marks
USE SEPARATE SCRIPTS FOR EACH SECTION

SECTION-A
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE questions.

1. (a) Solve the system of homogeneous equations (18)

v+3w-2x=0
2u+v-4w+3x =0
2u+3v+2w-x=0
-4u-3v+5w-4x=0
by reducing the coefficient matrix to the canonical form (reduced row echelon form).

(b) Determine the values of 'a' for which the system (17)
4x+y+2z=6
3x- y+5z =2
4x+ y+(a2 -14)z = a+2
have no solutions, unique solution, or infinitely many solutions.

I 2 3 4
273 5
2. (a) Reduce the matrix A = to echelon form and hence write down the
381 -2
246 8

rank and nullity. (17)

(b) Find non-singular matrices P and Q such that PAQ is in the normal form, where (18)

A=
[
3
5
I -4
2
I -~
II
-~]
-19

hence find the inverse of A. (17)

(b) Find the eigen values, eigen vectors and eigen spaces of the matrix, (18)

A=[:
-I I]
2 I .
o 3

Contd P/2
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MATH 273

4. (a) Determine whether the following matrix is diagonalizable. If so, find a nonsingular
matrix P that diagonalizes A, and write down the diagonal matrix D so that P-IAP = D. (18)

5 4 -1:
A=
[ -4
4
-4
5 -1 .
2

(b)Po"""Y"""'"' m,trix A- H ~;-:l rood, ""o,'o,"lm mM", P '","

that P'AP = D (a diagonal matrix). Write down the rank, index and signature. Identify
the geometrical object represented by Xj4X = constant. (17)

SECTION-B
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE questions.

-1t -1t<x<O
5. (a) Find the Fourier series of j(x) = { . (13)
x O<x<1t
I I I 1t2
Hence deduce that -+-+-+ =-
, 12 32 52 8 .
I for 0 :s: x :s: 1t
(b) Express j(x)= {o as a Fourier sine integral and hence evaluate,
for x > 1t
'" l- cos 1tA. . 0._-"
f
o
A. SIn IU U/\. (10)

ax
(c) Find the Fourier sine and cosine transform of j(x) = e- . (12)
x

6. (a) Prove the Convolution theorem for the functions j(x) and g(x) on Fourier
Transform, i.e., F[r(x) * g(x)] = F[r(x )].F[g(x)]. (10)
(b) Use Fourier transforms to solve the boundary value problem, (25)
AU = 3 02u
at &2
u(x,0)=2x,uAO,t)=0,and u (6,t)=0.
x

7. (a) Solve in series by the method of Frobenius of the following differential equation: (25)
d2 d
2x(l-x) dx; +(I-x)~ +3y = 0
(b) Express .Is(x) in terms of .10 (x) and .I1(x). (10)

8. (a) Show that'! f2(sinx

t ()x = V~ -x- - cos x ) . (10)

(b) Prove that (n +I)Pn+1(x) = (2n +l)xPn(x)- nPn_1(x). (15)

(c) Show that

I
fPm(x)Pn(x)dx =
{O,
2
m ~n
_' (10)
_I 2n+l' m- n
Batch 18
MATH 173

SECTION-B
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE.

5.
(30)

6. Find all eigenvalues of A = [~ ~ :]. Hence

and bases for the elgenspaces
4 4 3 (30)
comment on the eigenvalues and bases for the eigenspaces of A - 3/ and A -1.

7. (a) Express the following system of linear equations in echelon form and then solve: (20)

Xl + 2x2 - 3X3 + 4X4 = 1

2x1 + 5x2 - 5x3 + 6x4 = 3
Xl + 4X2 - X3 = 3
2x1 + 3X2 - 7X3 + 10x4 = 1

(b) For what values of}, and ~, the equations (10)

x+y+z=6
X + 2y + 3z = 10
X + 2y + AZ = ~

have (i) no solution (ii) unique solution and (iii) infinite solutions.

8. Reduce the real quadratic form q = 4X12 + 3X22 - X32 + 2X2X3 - 4X1X3 + (30)
4X1X2 to the canonical form and hence find the rank, signature and index of q. Write
down the corresponding equations of transformation as well.

..-.---------------------------------------------------------_.--------------

2
L-1ff-2/MME Date: 31/03/2019
BANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DHAKA
L- IIT-2 B. Sc. Engineering Examinations 2017-2018

Sub: MATH 173 (Vector Analysis and Matrices)

Full Marks: 2 I 0 Time: 3 Hours
USE SEPARATE SCRIPTS FOR EACH SECTION
The figures in the margin indicate full marks

SECTION-A
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE.

1. (a) Define reciprocal set of vectors. Find set of vectors reciprocal to the set of vectors
i+2j+3k, 3i- j+k and 3i+2j-5k. (12)
- - -
(b) Examine whether the vectors 5a + 6b + 7c, 7a - 8b + 9c and 3a + 20b + 5c are
linearly independent or dependent, where a,b,c are non coplanar. (12)
(c) Prove vectorially that the median of a triangle meets in a point which is the
trisection of median. (11)

- -
2. (a) Ifaxr = b+}.£i and a'r = 3, where a = 2i + j-k and b = -i -2j+k, find I, and
f. (11)
(b) Find the directional derivative of the scalar function /(x,y,z)= X2y2z2 at the point
(I, I, - I) in the direction of the tangent to the curve x = e' , y = 2 sin t + I, z = t - cos t . (12)
(c) Find div{ax (rx a)}, where I' = xi + yj + zk , and a is a constant vector. (12)

3. (a) Find the work done when a force F = (2x + y)i + (3y:'" x)j moves a particle in xy-
plane from (0,0) to (2,0) and then to (3,2). (15)
(b) Evaluate IfF.
Ii dS , where F
= 18zi -12j + 3yk and S is the part of the plane
s
2x + 3y + 6z = 12 which is located in the first octant. (20)

4. (a) Use Green's theorem to evaluate the integral H(XY+ y2)dx+ x2dy], where C is the
c
closed curve of the region bounded by y = x and y = x2 • (10)
(b) State Gauss's divergence theorem and verify it for t = 4xi - 2y2 j + z2k taken over
the region bounded by the cylinder x2 + y2 = 4, z = 0 and z = 3 . (25)

SECTION - B
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE.

5. (a) Using only elementary row transformations to reduce A to I, find the inverse of A
when (17)
I 2 -2 -I
-I -4 4 0
A=
2 -7 4 -7
I 6 -5 I

Contd P/2
!
 =2=
MATH 173
Coutd ... Q. NO.5

1 2 -1 2
3 1 ',-2 -I
(18)
(b) Reduce A = to the normal form B and hence find rank.
4 -3 I I
3 -2 o -1

6. (a) Express the following system oflinear equations in echelon form and then solve: (14)
2x, +3x2 +5x3 +x, = 3
3x, +4x, +2x3 +3x, =-2
x, +2x, +8x3 -x, =8
7x, +9x2 +x3 +8x, = 0
(b) For what values of I" the following system of linear equations have (i) a unique
solution (ii) no.solution and (iii) more than one solution: (14)
x-3z=-3
2x+},y-z=-2
x+2y+A.z=I.
.
(c) If A
. = [~l
B =. [-1 I
[3 0]
0] and C = -02 : then verify that (ABC)'" = c'BT AT. (7)

7. (a) Show that the quadratic form q=5x,2+4x;+15xi+14x2x3+6x,x2+16x3x, is

positive semi-definite and find a non-trivial set of values of x,, x2' x3 which makes the
form zero. (17)
(b) State Cayley-Hamilton theorem and using this theorem find A", where (18)

A= 2 -1
1 2 3]1 .
[3 I 1

8. (a) Find a matrix P that diagonalizes A and determine p" AP where (20)
1
A = [_22 -3 ~] .
2 0 4

(b) Find the characteristics polynomial for the matrix A, where (15)
2 1 0 0
o 200
A=
o 0 2 0
o 0 0 5

.,
•

MME 16
.=2=

MATH 173/MME
4. (a) Use Green's theorem to evaluate the integral f[(x2 -2xy}tx+(X2y+3~y] , where C is
c

the closed curve of the region bounded by y2 = 8x and x = 2. (10)

(b) State Stoke's theorem and verify this theorem for the vector function

F = (x + Y)i + (2x - z)j + (y + z )k taken over the triangle ABC cuts from the plane

3x+ 2y+ z = 6 by the co-ordinate planes. (25)

SECTION -B

There are FOUR questions in this Section. Answer any THREE.

5. (a) F~nd the inverse of [~ ~ ~]bY algebraic method. (10)

154

=
11 01 2]0 and then verify A(adjA) = 1A1I.
(b) Find the adjoint ofthe matrix A (12)
[1 2 3

(c) Find the solution sets of the following system of linear equations by using Gauss-
Jordan elimination. (13)
Xl +2X2 +X3 +X4 = 6
Xl -X2 +X3 -X4 =-2
Xl +8X2 +x3 +5x4 = 22
2xl +7x2 +2x3 +4x4 =20

6. (a) For the matrix A ~ [ ~ : ~~ ~ l find non-singular matrices P and Q such that

PAQ is in normal form. (13)

(b) Reduce the following matrix into canonical form and hence find it's rank.
3 4 5 6 7
4 5 6 7 8
A= 5 6 7 8 9 (15) .
10 11 12 13 14
15 16 17 18 19

(c) Prove that if A is a square matrix then A + AT is symmetric and A - A T is skew

symmetric. . (7)

Contd P/3
 •
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=3=

MATH 173/MME

7. (a) Find a matrix P that diagonalize A and determine P-1AP where

2 -1 0 0
-2 3 0 0
A= (20)
2 0 4 2
1 3 -2 -1

. (b) Using Cayley -Hamilton theorem find the inverse of the matrix A = [ ~ : ~] (15)

8. (a) Reduce the real quadratic form q = xf + 2xi - 2x; + 4x1 X2 + 6x1 X3 to the canonical

form and find the rank, index and signature of the form. (20)

2 1 0 0
0 2 0 0
(b) Find the minimal polynomial meA,) of the matrix,> A = (15)
0 0 2 0
0 0 0 5
•
Batch 15
MATH 173(MME),
SECTION-B
There are FOUR questions in this Section. Answer any THREE.

5. (a) If A and B be invertible matrices (with the same size). Show that (AB) is also

invertible and (ABrl = B-1 A-I. (10)

,
(b) Find the inverse of the following matrix A by elementary row transformation (13)
2 4 3 2
3 6 5 2
A=
2 5 2 -3
4 5 14 14

(c) Solve the following system of linear equations by using Gaussian elimination: (12)
Xl + 3X2 - 2x3 + 5x4 =4
2xl + 8x2 - x3 + 9x4 =9
{
3xI + 5x2 -12x3 + 173x4 = 7

6 (a) If A and B are symmetric matrices, prove that (AB) is symmetric if and only if A and

B are commute. (10)

(b) Reduce the following matrix into canonical form

3 4 5 6 7
4 5 6 7 8
A= 1 2 3 4 5 . Hence, find its rank. (12)
8 9 10 11 12
12 13 14 15 16

(c) Reduce the matrix A =

1 3
1 4
6 -1]
5 1 into two nonsingular matrices P and Q such
[1 5 4 3

that PAQ = Normal form and hence compute the rank. (13)

7. (a) Find the Eigen values and corresponding Eigen vectors of the matrix (20)

1 1 1] 7
A = -1 0 2, and compute A •
[
o 1 1

(b) State Cayley-Hamilton theorem and use the theorem find'the inverse of the matrix (15)

3 -1 1]
A =
[6 -6
7 -5 1
2

Contd P/3
•

=3=

MATH 173(MME)

8. (a) Reduce the quadratic form x~ + 2xi - 3xi + 8x1x2 -16x3x2 + lOx1x3 to the canonical

form and find rank, index and signature. Also write down the corresponding equations of

transformation. (23)
2 1 000
o 2 0 0 0
(b) Find the minimal polynomial of the matrix A = 0 0 4 2 O. (12)
o 0 3 4 0
o 0 007

••

',.
 ,It

, :.. ,
MME 14
=2=
MATH 173
4. (a) Evaluate ffs F.n ds , where F = zi + yJ - 3y2 zk and S is the surface of the cylinder

x2 + y2 = 16 included in the first octant between z = 0 and z = 5. (20)

(b) If F = xi + z2 J + y2k then evaluate fffv. FdV, where V is the region bounded by
v
the surface x + y + Z = 1 and the coordinate planes. (IS)

SECTION -B
There are FOUR questions in this Section. Answer any THREE.

5. (a) Prove that (I + ABt =I - A(I + BAt B. (10)

(b) Prove that a square matrix A is invertible if and only if it can be written as a product

of elementary matrices. Hence express A = [-1 -2]

3 8 as a product of elementary

matrices. (17)
(c) Prove that the points (XI, YI), (X2, Y2), (X3, Y3) are collinear if and only if the rank of

XI Yl 1] ..
the matrix x2 Y2 1 is less than 3. (8)
[
x3 Y3 1

6. (a) If A ~[~
-3 4]
-3 4 find two non-singular matrices P and Q such that PAQ = 1. Hence
-1 1

find A-I. (18)

(b) For what values of A and /-l, the equations x + y + z = 6; x + 2y + 3z = 10;

x + 2y + AZ = /-l have (i) no solution (ii) unique solution and (iii) infinite solutions. (11)
(c) Prove that A is singular if and only if 0 is an eigenvalue of A. (6)
4 3
7. (a) Use Cayley-Hamilton theorem to find the inverse of the matrix A = 2 1
[
1 2

hence deduce the value AS - 6A 4 + 6A3 - l1A2 + 2A + 31. (1S)

(b) Find the eigenspace, algebraic multiplicity and geometric multiplicity for each

-4 -3 6]
eigenvalue for the matrix A =
[ 0
-3
-1
-3
0
5
(20)

8. (a) Reduce the quadratic form q=x[+6xi+4x;-4xIX2+6xIX3-18x2X3 to the

canonical form and find rank, index and signature of q. Also write down the
corresponding equations of transformation. (23)
2 5 0 0 0
o 2 000
(b) Find the minimal polynomial of the matrix A = 0 0 4 2 0 (12)
00350
00007
 Batch 13 =2=

MATH 173
SECTION-B
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE.

5. (a) Prove that the product of two matrices (10)

2
COS2 B cosBsinB] and [ cos rjJ cosBsinrjJ]
[
cosBsinB sin2 B cosrjJsin rjJ sin2 rjJ

is zero when e and ~ differ by an odd multiple of 1r

2

(b) Find the condition that shonld be satisfied by k snch that the matrix A = r i
1 ~ J
~

has an inverse and find A-I for k = 1. (12)

4
(c) Find the rank of the matrix A = r ~3 -2 ~1 -~2J redncing it to canonical form. (13)
-1

6. (a) Compute the inverse of the following matrix by using elementary transformations
2 -6 -2 -3
5 -13 -4 -7
A= (18)
-1 4 1 2
0 1 0 1

(b) Test the consistency of the following system of equations and if found consistent, (17)
solve it using matrix:
5x + 3y + 7z = 4
3x + 26y + 2z = 9
7x + 2y + 10z = 5

7. (a) Find two nonsingular matrices P and Q such that PAQ is in normal form, where (17)

(b) Reduce the quadratic from 6X]2+3x; +3x; -4X1X2-2x2X3 +4x3x] to canonical form
and write down the corresponding transformations. Also find the rank, index and
signature. (18)

8. (a) Show that the matrix A = r l -2

1
-2
~J satisfies its characteristic equation and hence

find A-I. (15)

(b) Find the eigeovalnes and eigenvectors of the matrix A ~ ~1 r ~: ~1J . Also fmd the
characteristic space of A. (20)
 MME 12
=2=
MATH 173(MME}
SECTION-B'
There are FOUR questions in this Section. Answer any THREE.

5. (a) Define Symmetric and Skew Symmetric matrices with examples. For a square matrix

A, show that A + A is Symmetric and A - A is skew Symmetric.

I I (10)
(b) Solve the following system of linear equations (15)
XI +x2 -X3 +X4 +2xs =1
2x, - x2 + x3 + 5x4 + 4xs = 2
3x1 + 2x2'- 2x3 + 5X4 + 6xs =3

(c) Find A (adjA) of the matrix A = l: ~

2 '3
~] and verilY from it that A(adjA) =JAII,
'
(10)

1 2 3 4
2 3 4 6
6. (a) Compute the inverse of A = by using elementary row, qp~rations.
,3 4 5 7
4 5 5 7

:Iience verify your answer. (15)

(b) Find the Canonical matrix row equivalent to, the following matrix.
2 1 1 0
3 2 1 2
A= . Also find the rank of the matrix A. (20)
2 -1 2 5
5 6 3 2

1 -2
1 "'3]"'" ',' "
7. (a) Reduce A = 4 -1 S 8, to the normalfonn B and compute the matrices P and Q
[
. , 2 ,
3 32' ,
- ,
,

such that PAQ = B, where A and B are equivalent matrices. , (15)

(b) Reduce to diagonal form 'the following symmetric matrix by congruent

", ' I
transfonnations and interpre~~\ in tenns'of quadratic fonn A =
l3 2 -1]
2 2 3 ' (20)
, - -1 3 1
~
8. (a) State Cayley-Hamilton theorem. Find the characteristic equation of the matrix

A = r~II ~1
0
~] and verify the Cayley-Hamilton theorem for it. Also find its inverse.
3 - ,
(15)

l-: ~~-~l
(b) Define eigen values and eigen vectors. of a matrix. Find the eigen values and the

corresponding eigen vectors of the matrix A= Also find the

characteristic space of A. (20)

 MME 11
=2=

MATH 173

SECTION-B
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE.

5. (a) Prove that every square matrix can be expressed in one and only one way as the sum

of a symmetric matrix and a skew-symmetric matrix. (15)

123 4
2 3 4 5
(b) Compute the inverse of A = by using elementary row operations.
345 7
4 5 5 7

Hence check your answer. .(20)

6. (a) Find the Canonical matrix row equivalent to the following matrix
1 2 1 0
3 2 1 2
A= . Also find the rank of the matrix A. (17)
2 -1 2 5
5 6 3 2

(b) Reduce A =r~ i 3

~~ ~lj to the normal fono B and compute the matrices P

and Q such that PAQ = B, where A and B are equivalent matrices. (18)

7. (a) Solve the following system of linear equations (17)

Xl + x2 - =1
x3 + X4 + 2xs
2x1 -x2 +x +5x +4xs = 2
3 4

3xl + 2x2- 2x + 5x + 6xs = 3

3 4

(b) Reduce the quadratic form q = X2 l + 2x; - 3xi + 8x)x2 + 10xlx3 -16x2x3 to the

canonical form and find the rank, index and signature of the form. (18)

r: ~ 1
8. (a) State Cayley-Hamilton theorem. Verify the theorem for the matrix A = ~]

and hence find its inverse. (17)

(b) Find the Eigen values and the corresponding Eigen vectors of the matrix

. r
A=
5
4
4
5 -lj
-1 . (18)
-4 -4 2
 MME 10
=2=

MATH 173

SECTION-B
There are FOUR questions in this Section. Answer any THREE.

5. (a) If A and B are symmetric matrices, show that AB + BA is symmetric and AB - BA

is skew-Symmetric. (10)

1 0 0,2]
(b) If A = 1 1 find A (adj A).
[1 2 3 (10)

(c) Find the inverse of the following matrix by using elementary row transformations: (15)

3 3]
4 3 .
3 4

121 3
2 7 8 9
6. (a) Reduce the matrix A = to its canonical form and hence find its rank. (17)
397 8
2 7 7 7

(b) Solve the following system of equations by using matrix: (18)

Xl +X2 +X3 +x4 =4
2x1 - x2 - x3 + 3x4 = 6
3x] + 4x2 - 5x3 + 6x4 = -11.
7x) - 5x2 + 7x3 + X4 = 46

7. (a) For the matrix A = [:

23 2]2 find non-Singular matrices P and Q such that PAQ is
2 3

in the normal form. (17)

(b) Reduce the quadratic form, q = X)2 + 2xi - 2xi + 4x)x2 + 6x3x1 to canonical form and

find the rank, index and signature of the form. (18)

8.. (a) Find the inverse of the matrix A

.
= [13 2] by applying Cayley-Hamilton theorem.
2 .
(15)

(b) Find the characteristic roots and the corresponding characteristic vectors of the

5 4 -1]
matrix A =
[ -4
4 -1 .
-4
5
2
(20)
 Math 273 Term Final Question

Series Solution
MME 19:

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