Module No.

5
STYLES, PLAYS, MOVEMENTS,
FAULTS, SERVICE, and POINTS
 The Fast and Aggressive Players, the Deceptive
Stroke Players and the Straightforward Defensive
Style Players.
STYLES AND PLAYS
 Deception – the art of deceiving ones opponents by
feinting or by disguising a shots direction until the
least match.
 Defuse – the state of being under attack by ones and
high clears.
 Finesse – to hit a shot with dedicate touch, or
cleverly, or craftily in its placement as opposed to
using sheer power.
 Offense – the state of being on the attack; a style of
play consisting mainly of attacking clears, fast drops,
drives, and smashes.
 Rush the Sense – a quick move towards the net in an
attempt by the receiver to smash or drive a low serve
before it drops below net top level. It is used
primarily in doubles.
MOVEMENTS
 Extensions – the act of straightening the elbow and/or
wrist, which causes the racket head to move faster
than the arm and hand; major source.
 Flexion – the act of bending the wrist towards the
inside of the forearms, thus increasing racket-head
speed; a major source of power, especially when
smashing the shuttle.
 Follow through – the part of the stroke that occurs
after the racket strikes the shuttle.
 Footwork – the pattern of foot movements both in
preparing to hit the shuttle and in returning to the base
position.
 Lunge – a long stride forward with the racket foot for
the purpose of hitting an underhand stroke (clear or
drop shot).
 Pivot – to turn on the ball of one foot and the heel of the
other by lifting the heel of the former and the ball of the
latter.
 Shuffle steps – a series of short steps in which the feet
never cross each other; technique used to move into
position to hit a shuttle that cannot be reached with one
long step.
FAULTS AND ILLEGAL TACTICS

 Fault – a violation of the rules that results in loss of

service or loss of a point I receiving.
 Feint – a movement made with the intent to deceive.
This is legal during rallies but illegal during a serve.
 Obstruction – an illegal tactic in which one hinders on
opponent from making a shot by warning the racket to
distract him or her by encroaching across the net with
one’s racket.
 Unsight – in doubles, to stand in such a way that an
opponent cannot see the serve being delivered. This is an
obstruction and it is illegal.
SERVICE AND LOSS OF SERVE
 First serve – in doubles, the player who are serve first
for a side during an inning.
 Inside – the side that holds the serve.
 Outside – the side that is receiving the serve.
 Second server – in doubles, the partner who serves last
in each half inning, often his or her partner has lost a
serve.
 Side out – an event that occurs when the server has lost
the rally and the serve goes to the opponent or opponents
on the other side of the net. In doubles (except in the first
half of the first inning), a side out occurs after both
partners have served and lost their service.
POINTS AND SCORING
 Fault – see “Faults and Illegal Tactics”
 Game – 15 points in men’s singles and all doubles play,
while 11 points and in women’s singles 11.
 Game point – a point, which if won by the server, ends
the game.
 Love all – used at the beginning of a game, indicates a
score of 0-0; also used when the game has been set.
 Point – smallest unit in scoring, fifteen points constitutes
a game, except in women’s singles where singles where
11 points wins.
 Module No. 6
RULES OF THE GAME
 Before beginning there are few badminton
rules and regulations which a player has to be
aware of, to be a gnarly athlete. We should know
where to shot, how to shot, types of shots and
the basic rules of badminton. It’s not ground
breaking or a hazardous one, rather an easy
breezy one, if you are a fervor player.
RULES OF THE GAME
1. Players

a. “Player” applies to all those taking part in the match.

b. The game shall be played, in the case of doubles, by two

players a side, or in the case of singles, by one player
a side.

c. The side having the right to serve shall be called the

serving side and the opposing side shall be called the
receiving side.
2. Toss
a. Before commencing the play, the opposing sides shall
toss and the side winning the toss shall exercise the
choice in either Rule 1 or Rule 2.

1. To serve first
2. To choose the side of the court
3. Scoring

a. The opposing sides shall play the best of three games

unless otherwise arranged.

b. Only the serving side can add a point to its score.

c. In doubles and men’s singles, a game is won by the first

side to score 15 points, except as provided in Rule f.

d. In ladies’ singles, a game is won by the first side to

score 11 points, except as provided in Rule f.
e. In case of ties:
1. If the score become 13 all or 14 all (9 or 10 all in
ladies singles), the side which first scored 13 or 14
(9 to 10) shall have the choice of “setting” or “not
setting” the game (Rule f).
2. This choice can only be made when the score is
first reached and must be made before the next
service is delivered.
3. The relevant side (Rule e.1) is given the opportunity
to set all at 14 all (10 all in Ladies’ singles), despite
any previous decision not to set by that side, or the
opposing side by 13 all (9 all in Ladies’ singles).
f. If the game have been set, the score is called “Love” all,
and the side scoring the set the number of points
(Rule 1 – 4 below) wins the game.

1. 13 at set to 5 points
2. 14 all set to 3 points
3. 9 all set 3 points
4. 10 all set to 2 points
4. Change of Ends

a. Players shall change ends:

1. At the end of the first game

2. Prior to the beginning of the third game (if any); and
3. In the third game, or in one game match, when the
leading score reaches;

- 6 in a game of 11 points
- 8 in a game of 15 points
5. Service

a. In a correct service:

1. Neither side shall cause undue delay to the delivery

of the service.
2. The server and the receiver shall stand within
diagonally opposite service without touching the
boundary lines of these service courts; some part of
both feet of the server and receiver must remain in
contact with the surface of the court in a stationary
position until the service is delivered (Rule 5.d).
3. The server’s racket shall initially hit the base of the
shuttles while the whole of the shuttle is below the
server’s waist.
4. The shaft of the server’s racket at the instant of
hitting the extent that the whole of the head of
the racket is discernibly below the entire
hand of the server holding the
racket.
5. The movement of the server’s racket must
continue forward after the start of the service
(Rule 5 b.), until the service is delivered.

6. The flight of the shuttles shall be upward from

the server’s racket to pass over the net, so
that, if not intercepted, it falls in the
receiver’s service court.
a. One a player has taken his position; the first
forward movement on the server’s racket is
the service court.
b. The player shall not serve until the receiver is
ready, if a return of service is attempted.
c. The service is delivered when, once started
(Rule 5 b) the shuttle is hit by server’s racket,
or the shuttle lands on the floor.
d. In doubles, the partners may take up any
positions which do not distract the opposing
server or receiver.
 Module No. 7
SINGLES AND DOUBLES
 Badminton can be played one on one or in
pairs which makes it such a versatile way of
exercising and it is such an enjoyable activity
to take part in for all ages.
6. Singles

a. The players shall from, and receive in their

respective right service courts, when the server
has not scored, or has scored an event number of
points in that game.
b. The players shall serve shall serve from, and
receive in their respective left service courts,
when the server has scored an odd number of
points in that game.
c. If a game is set, the total points scored by the
server in that game shall be used to apply Rule 6.a
and 6.b.
d. The shuttle is hit alternatively by the server and
the receiver, until a “fault” is made, or the shuttle
ceases to be in play because it touches the surface
of the court inside the receiver’s court. The server
earns a point. The server servers again from the
alternative service court.
e. If the server makes a “fault”, or when the shuttle
ceases to be a play because it touches the surface
of the court inside the servers court, the server
loses the right to continue serving, and the
receiver then becomes the server, with no point
scored by either player.
7. Doubles

a. At the start of the game and each time a side

gains the right to serve, the service shall be
delivered from the right service court.

b. Only the receiver shall return the service;

should the shuttle touch or is hit by the
receiver’s partner, the serving side scores a
point.
c. 1. After the service is returned, the shuttle is hit by
either player of the serving side, and then by
either players of the receiving side, and so on,
until the shuttle ceases to be hit in play.

2. After the service is returned, the player may hit

the shuttle from any position on that player’s
side of the net.
d. 1. If the serving side makes a “fault”, or the
shuttle ceases to be in play because it touches
the surface of the court inside the receiving
side’s court, the serving side scores a point,
and the server serves again.
2. If the serving side makes a “fault” or the
shuttle ceases to be in play because it touches
the surface of the court, the server loses the
right to continue serving, with no point scored
by either side.
e. 1. The player who serves at the start of the
game shall serve from, or receive in the right
court when that player’s side has not scored an
even number of points in that game and left
service court otherwise.

2. The player who receives at the start of any

game shall receive in, or serve from, the right
service court when that player’s side has not
scored, or has scored an even number of
points in that game, and the left service court
otherwise.
 3. The revers pattern applies to the partners.

4. If a game is set, the total points scored

by a side that game shall apply Rules 7.e.1
to 7.e.3.

f. Service in any turn of serving shall be delivered

from alternate service court, except as provided
in Rules 8 and 10.
g. The right to serve consecutively from the initial
server in any game to the initial receiver in that
game, and then consecutively from the player’s
partner, and then to one of the opponents, and
then opponent’s partner, and so on.
h. No player shall serve out of turn, or receive two
consecutive services in the same game except as
provided in Rules 8 and 10.
i. Either player on the winning side may serve first
in the next game, and either player of the losing
side may serve.
 Module No. 8
SERVICE COURT ERRORS
And FAULTS
 Service court error has been made when a player
has served out of turn, has served from the
wrong service or standing on the wrong service
court while being prepared to receive
the service and it has been delivered. ... If there is a
'let' because of a service court error, the rally is
replayed with the error corrected.
8. Service Court Errors

a. A service court error is made when player:

1.Has served out of turn;

2.Has served from the wrong service court; or
3.Standing in the wrong service court, was
prepared to receive the service and it had
been delivered.
b. When a service court error has been made, then;
1. if the error is discovered before the next service is
delivered, it is a “let” unless only one side was at fault
and lost the rally, in which case the error shall not be
corrected.
2. If the error is not discovered before the next service is
delivered, the error shall not be corrected.
3. If there is a “let” because of the service court error, the
rally is replayed with the error connected.
4. If a service court error is not to be corrected, play in
that game shall proceed without changing the players’
new service courts (nor, when relevant, the new order
serving).
9. Faults

The following are considered faults:

a. If the service is not corrected (Rule 5.a).

b. If the server, is attempting to serve, misses the
shuttle.
c. If after passing over the net on service, the shuttle
is caught in or on the net.
d. If in play, the shuttle:

1. Lands outside the boundaries of the court.

2. Passes through or under the net.
3. Fails to pass the net.
4. Touches the roof, ceiling or side walls.
5. Touches the person or dress of a player.
6. Touches any object, or person outside the
immediate surroundings of the court.
(When necessary on account of the structure of the
building, the local badminton authority may subject
to the right of veto of its national organization,
make by – laws dealing with cases in which a
shuttle touches an obstruction.)
e. If in play, the initial point of contact with the shuttle is
not on the striker’s side of the net. (The striker may,
however, follow the shuttle over the net with the racket
in the course of a stroke).
f. If the shuttle is in play, a player:
1. Invades an opponent’s court with racket with racket
or person in any degree except as permitted in Rule
9.e.
2. Prevents an opponent from making a legal stroke
where the shuttle is followed over the net.
g. If in any player deliberately distracts an opponents by
any action such as shouting or making gestures.
h. If in play, the shuttle:
1. Caught and held on the racket and then slung during
the execution of a stroke.
2. Hit twice in succession by the same player with two
strokes.
3. Hit by a player and the player’s partners
successively.
i. If a player is guilty of flagrant, repeated or persistent
offences under Rule 12.
10.Lets

“Let” is called by the umpire, or by a player (if there is

no umpire) to halt a play.

a. “let” may be given for any unforeseen or accidental

occurrence.
b. A shuttle, after passing over the net, is caught in or on
the net, it is a let except during service.
c. If during service, the receiver and the server are both
faulted at the same time, it shall be a “let”.
d. If a player serves before the receiver is ready, it shall
be a “let”.
e. If during play, the shuttle disintegrates and the base
completely separates from the rest of the shuttle, it
shall be a “let”.
f. A line Judge is unsighted, and the Umpire is unable to
make a decision, it shall be a “let”.
g. When a “let” occurs, the play since the last service
shall not be counted, and the player shall serve again,
except when Rule 8 is applicable.
10.Shuttle Not in Play

A shuttle is not in play when:

a. Strikes the net and remains attached there or

suspended on top.
b. Strikes the net or the post, and starts to fall towards
the surface of the court on the striker’s side of the
net.
c. Hit the surface of the court.
d. A “fault” or “let” has occurred.
10.Continues Play, Misconduct, Penalties

a. Play shall be continued from the first service until the

match is conducted, except as followed in Rule 12.c.

b. An interval not exceeding 5 minutes is allowed

between the second and the third games of all matches
in all of the following situations:
1. International competitive events.
2. All other matches (unless the National Organization
has previously published a decision not allow such
an interval).
c. When necessitated by circumstances, not within the
control of the players, the umpire may suspend play
for such a period, as the umpire may consider
necessary. If play is suspended, the existing score shall
stand and play is returned from their point.

d. Under no circumstances shall play be suspended to

enable a player to recover his strength or wing, or to
receive instruction or advice.
e. 1. Except in the intervals provided in Rules 12.a and
12.c, no player shall be permitted to receive advice
during match.
2. Except at the conclusion of a match, no player
shall leave the court without the umpire’s consent.

f. The Umpire shall be the soul judge of any suspension

of play.
g. A player shall not:

1. Deliberately cause suspension of play.

2. Deliberately interfere with the speed of the shuttle.
3. Behave in an offensive manner.
4. Be guilty of misconduct not otherwise covered by
the laws of Badminton
h. The umpire shall administer any breach of rules 12.d,
12.3 or 12.g

1. Issuing a warning to the offending side.

2. Faulting the offending side, if previously warned.
3. In case of flagrant offense, faulting the offending
side, and reporting the offending side immediately
to the referee, who shall have the power to
disqualify.
 Module No. 9
OFFICIALS AND APPEALS
 Badminton officials play a very important role in the
badminton matches. Even though they are not as
crucial as they can be in other sports such as football or
basketball due to the lack of physical contact between
players, they still are required in order to ensure a
smooth and fair match.
13.Officials and Appeals

a. The referee is the overall charge of the tournament or

event of which a match forms.
b. The umpire, when appointed, is in charge of the
match, the court, and its immediate surroundings. The
umpire shall report to the referee. In the absence of
the referee, the umpire shall report instead to the
official for the game.
c. The service judge shall call service faults made by the
server.
d. A line judge shall indicate whether a shuttle is “in” and “out”
An umpire shall.

e. An umpire shall:

1. Uphold and enforce the Law of Badminton and,

especially call a “fault” or “let,” should either occur,
without appeal being made by the players.
2. Give a decision on any appeal regarding a point of
dispute, if made before the next service is delivered;
3. Ensure players and spectators are kept informed of
the progress of the match.
4. Appoint or remove line judge of service judge in
consultation with the referee;
5. Not overrule the decision of Line Judge and the
service judge on points of fact.
f. 1. Where another court official is not appointed,
arrange for their duties to be carried out;
2. Where an appointed official is unsighted, carry
out the official’s duties or play a “let”.

g. Decide upon suspension of play.

h. Record and report to the referee all matters in

relation to Rule 12.
i. Take to the referee all unsatisfied appeals on
questions of Law only (such appeals must be made
before the next service is delivered, or, if at the end
of the game, before the side that appeals has left the
court)
Fig. 6 Officials and Appeals
 Module No. 10
FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS AND
DRILLS IN BADMINTON
 To enjoy the benefits of Badminton both as a sport
and hobby, one should learn the basic skills and
techniques. Then, one should practice frequently, until
he has development accuracy, speed and style in playing.
Basic Skills in Badminton

A. Grip

The three basic grips include the Eastern, the

Western and the Continental. Many beginners
natural use the western or “frying pan” grip but
the more commonly used grip is the eastern grip.
A player assumes the Eastern grip by:

1. Holding the racket perpendicularly to the body by

placing the shaft of the racket between the tips of
the thumb and fingers of the off-racket (non-
dominant) hand, the racket is perpendicular to the
floor and the butt-plate of the racket is towards the
body.
2. Placing the palm of the racket (dominant) hand on
the structure (hitting surface) of the racket.
3. Bringing the racket (dominant) hand toward the
butt-plate of the racket, until the heel of the hand
touches the butt-plate of the racket.

4. Wrapping the fingers, well spread, around the grip

just above the butt-plate. Place the thumb around
the grip so that the thumb and index finger slightly
touch.

5. Forming the V by the thumb, over the inside edge

of the top facet of the grip. See photo illustration 1.
To change from a forehand grip to backward grip,
the player will:

1. Turn the top edge of the racket head

approximately 1/8 of a turn (45 degree) outward.
2. Place the thumb up on the flat, back facet of the
racket for support.
The V formed by the thumb and forefinger will be over the top, inside
level of the grip.

Fig. 7 Forehand and Backhand Grip

Wrong Position of Wrong Grip Correct Position of Correct Grip

Fig. 8 Grip
B. The Hitting Arc
The hitting arc is the final movement of the racket
prior to making contact with the shuttle. For purposes
of this text, the arc is 180o. As the arm begins to
extend, the axis of rotation is the shoulder. As the
racket begins to move through the hitting arc, the
shoulder joint rotates medially and the forearm is
pronated. As the forearm pronates, the axis of rotation
changes to the wrist, so the racket head speed. Can be
increased, and the face of the racket can be bought into
a position perpendicular to the flight of the shuttle. The
force, with which the shuttle is hit, is directly
proportional to the racket head speed in contact.
 After contact with the shuttle, the arm racket
continues with a follow-through with the racket ending
up below the hand, thus completing a 180o arc from
initiation of the stroke to its completion.
 The key concept is hitting through the shuttle. This
requires that the arc be maintained. The idea of hitting
around the rim of a clock will aid in establishing the
concept. Visualized the clock parallel to the flight of the
shuttle. The center of the clock is at the point of the
shoulder. The elbow of the racket arm is at 9:00. As the
racket is swung, the head of the racket inscribes an arc
identical to the rim of the clock. Contract is made with
the shuttle at approximately 12:00, as the arm is fully
extended, and the racket head follows through to 3:00.
C. Basic Strokes in Badminton

1. Basic Forehand Position and Stroke.

In preparing to hit a forehand stroke, the player should:

a. Assume the ready position described above.

b. Pivot on the ball of the racket (dominant) side
foot after the off-racket (non-dominant) shoulder
is forward and the line connecting the shoulder is
perpendicular to the net.
c. Place the racket behind the head with the racket
(dominant) side elbow in line with the shoulders.
From this position.
d. Shift the wait to the off-racket (non-dominant) foot
by stepping forward with that foot with the toe
pointing to the net.
e. Rotate the racket (dominant) side hip forward, as
the arm is straightened, and the racket begins to
move through the hitting.
 In preparing to strike a shuttle coming from an
opponent, a player assumes a ready position. In this
position a player stands with the feet about shoulder
width apart, with the off-racket (non-dominant) foot
about 6 ½ forward of the racket foot. The weight is on
the balls of the feet, the knees are bent between 15 –
25o, and the trunk in inclined forward about 15o. The
head is held up so the head, neck, and back form a
straight line. The racket is held up almost even with
the head and well in front of the body.
2. Basic Backhand Stroking Position

In Preparing to hit a backhand stroke, the player

should:

a. Assume the ready position describe above.

b. Pivot on the ball of the off-racket (non-dominant)
foot until the racket (dominant) the shoulder is
toward the net, and the line connecting the
shoulders in perpendicular to the net.
c. At the same time. Change the grip to a backhand
grip and bring the arm across the body with the
palm facing the floor, while transferring the
weight to the racket (dominant) side foot, the toe
pointing toward the net.
d. Rotate the off-racket (non-dominant) side hip
toward the net as the player begins to move the
racket through the hitting arc.
 There is a slight difference in the hitting arc on
the backhand because there must be a rapid
supination of the racket, thus, becomes
perpendicular to the shuttle’s flight.