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2.1 Algorithm and Flowchart

Algorithm and flowchart

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dhruvkolare04
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29 views

2.1 Algorithm and Flowchart

Algorithm and flowchart

Uploaded by

dhruvkolare04
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Algorithm

and
Flowchart
Devyani Soni
Department of Computer Science & engineering
Contents

 Algorithm
 Advantage and Disadvantage of algorithm
 Flowchart
 Advantage and disadvantage of flowchart
 Algorithm vs. flowchart
Algorithm

 An algorithm is a step-by-step method to solve


problems. It includes a series of rules or instructions in
which the program will be executed.

 Before writing an algorithm for a problem , one should


find out what are the inputs to the algorithm and
what are expected output after running the algorithm
Definition of algorithm

“An algorithm refers to a set of instructions that define the


execution of work to get the expected results.”
Example

Problem:
write an algorithm to read two numbers and find their sum.

Inputs to the algorithm:


First num A
Second num B

Expected Output:
Sum of two numbers C
Algorithm:

Step 1: start.
Step 2: Read\ input the first num A.
Step 3: read\ input the second num B.
Step 4: C= A+B // calculation of sum
Step 5: print C.
Step 6: End
Types of Algorithm

 The algorithm classify into three control structure.


They are as:

1. Sequence
2. Branching(Selection)
3. Loop (repetition)
Advantage of algorithm

 Algorithms are easy to write.

 There is a use of human-readable techniques to


understand logic.

 For big problems, algorithms can be written with


moderate steps
Disadvantage of Algorithm

 Algorithms are difficult to debug.

 It is hard to show branches and loops using an


algorithm.

 Jumping (or goto statements) makes the algorithm hard


to trace the problems.
Flowchart

 The Flowchart is the most widely used graphical


representation of an algorithm and procedural design
workflows.

 This means by seeing a flowchart one can know the


operation s performed and the sequence of these
operations in a system.

 It uses various symbols to show the operations and


decisions to be followed in a program. It flows in
sequential order.
Flowchart format
There are basic 6 symbol used in flowchart

symbol name
Function

process

Input/
output

desicion
symbol name
Function

connectors

Predefined process

Terminal

Flow lines
Rules for flowcharting

1. All boxes of the flowchart are connected with


arrow.

2. Flowchart symbols have an entry point on the top


of the symbol with no other entry point. The exit
point for all flowchart symbols is on the bottom
except for the decision symbol.

3. The decision symbol has two exit points; these can


be on side or bottom and one side.

4. A flowchart will flow from top to bottom.\


5. Connectors are used to connect breaks in the
flowchart.

6. Subroutines and interrupts program have their


own and independent flowchart.

7. All flowchart start with a terminal or predefined


process.
Example

Problem : sum of two numbers

start

Read A, B

C=A+B

Print c

end
Difference between
Algorithm and Flowchart
S. No Algorithm Flowchart

A flowchart is a diagram
An algorithm is a step-by-
created with different
1. step procedure to solve a
shapes to show the flow of
problem.
data.

The algorithm is complex to A flowchart is easy to


2.
understand. understand.

In the algorithm, plain text is In the flowchart,


3.
used. symbols/shapes are used.

The algorithm is easy to


4. A flowchart is hard to debug.
debug.

The algorithm is difficult to A flowchart is simple to


5.
construct. construct.

The algorithm does not The flowchart follows rules


6.
follow any rules. to be constructed.

A flowchart is just a
The algorithm is the pseudo-
7. graphical representation of
code for the program.
that logic.
End

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