Cast in Situ Pile Construction Step & Process For Term paPER

cast in situ pile construction details:
step 1: Pile point setting out
the location of permanent board piles shall be set out and pegged by the subcontractors surveyor based
on approved setting out drawings from consultant and control points at site. Surveying details of each
location to be recorded incorporating reduced level and the coordinates. each individuallly Surveyed
pile position shall be protected from disturbance prior to commencement of boring works. Two
reference points to be installed equidistant at not less than 2 m from the centre location. A pilot hole
of about 4-6 meter deep shall be drilled at the pile location. The eccentricity and alignment of the pilot
hole is then checked.
step 2: making necessary construction

(i) Making a temporary tunnel for water flow:
Two types of water flow pipe is required here.
One is used for bentonite slurry going inside at at a certain force so soil can soften up, while the other
flow pipe is used to bring out water with soil particles.
(ii) Construction of water storage tank:
The tank can be designed to accommodate the required volume of water and withstand the
surrounding soil and water pressure.
(iii)construction of reinforcement casting:
 Bending of stirrups  Reinforcement cutting  Making spiral rod for reinforcement  Placing
the rod horizontally  Placing circular CC block peripherally to maintain clear cover  Placing the
reinforcement in the hole
step 3: wash boring

Wash boring is a method for advancing boreholes for site exploration
and geotechnical investigation in most types of soil except gravels and
boulders. The method is fast and simple to carry out and utilizes
inexpensive, easily portable handling and drilling equipment.
(i)three legged derrick pipe placing:
The three legged pipe derrick is set up after identifying the pile point according to plan.
(ii)centering and placing of auger:

Auger cast piles are a type of drilled foundation in which the pile is drilled to
the final depth in one
continuous process using a continuous flight auger. After placing the pipe
derrick a circular
shape (with conical sharp peak) auger is placed with the pipe derrick to loose
the soil.
(iii)primary boring:
It is done by using the auger. Its done only from the pressure from tri-stand. No water is used
here. Usually done within 10 feet
(iv)temporary steel case placing:
After digging for some depth, a hollow pipe is inserted into the hole for a certain depth so
that soil pressure coming from the lateral side of the hole cannot collapse soil into the hole
(v)water supply by hose pipe(using bentonite):
A pipe is usually lowered into the casing pipe to supply water (bentonite
slurry)into the hole to loose
the material of the bottom of the hole. This pipe is namedwash jet pipe or
wash pipe or hose pipe.
The upper end of the pipe is connected to a water (bentonite slurry) supply
source which
supplies water (bentonite slurry).
Using Bentonite:
Since a significant portion of foundations and other civil engineering
activities are still carried out
without using bentonite and are incurring significantly higher costs through
the use of cast iron or steel
liners, the recognition of bentonite as a crucial construction element is still in
its latent stage. There is
still a long way to go in raising public knowledge of the usage of bentonite in
the civil engineering
sector. Due to its rheological properties, bentonite is mostly used in
construction in a fluid state, often
known as bentonite slurry (i.e. their behavior as bentonite slurries when
mixed with water)
Functions & Uses Of Bentonite Slurry :

❖ Drilling fluid: Bentonite slurry is commonly used as a drilling fluid in the oil
and gas industry. It
helps to cool and lubricate the drill bit, suspend cuttings, and prevent
blowouts.
❖ Soil stabilization: Bentonite slurry is used in the construction industry as a
soil stabilizer. When
mixed with soil, it forms a waterproof barrier that helps to prevent water
from penetrating the
ground.
❖ Foundry sand: Bentonite slurry is added to foundry sand to improve its
ability to hold shape and
resist high temperatures.
❖ Wastewater treatment: Bentonite slurry is used in wastewater treatment
to remove impurities and
clarify water.
❖ Environmental remediation: Bentonite slurry can be used in environmental
remediation to
encapsulate and immobilize contaminants, preventing them from spreading.
Step 4:placing of steel case reinforcement:
Reinforcements are used for taking tensile force under deep soil. But we cant install the full
reinforcement cage at once. Which is why intervals are needed
Step 5:welding:
The another casing is insert then its bottom end is welded with the top end of the inserted casing
Step 6: casting concrete using tremie pipe:
After inserting a pipe all the way to the bottom of the hole, concrete is then
poured through the huge cup
in the shape of a funnel. From the beginning of the procedure till completion
of the work, avoid
interrupting the concreting process. Tremie pipes are lowered into the
borehole to start the concrete pour.
We need to clean borehole bottom adequately before concrete pouring. Then
connect a hopper to the
top of tremie pipe. After that, close the joint between hopper and tremie pipe
with a steel plug before
concrete first charge. Then, fill the hopper with concrete to its full capacity.
Once filled, remove the
steel plug to allow the concrete to flow down, and replace the bentonite
slurry present in the pipe. the
bottom end of the tremie pipe embedded, at least 2m, within the laid
concrete. To replace bentonite
from bottom upwards and avoid mixing concrete with water or bentonite.
The tremie pipe remains
hollow after the first charge and each subsequent charge gets deposited
within the already laid concrete.
extend pile Concreting at least 60cm to 90cm above the cutoff level to
ensure good concrete for proper
embedment into pile cap. If the cutoff level is at ground level, then permit
spill over of concrete till
good concrete is visible.
Step 7:vibrating:
The tremie pipe is at a time being up and down, shaken and vibrated to ensure the proper compaction
Step 8: Removal of temporary steel case
The temporary steel case is removed.
Step 9: Curing:
In cast in situ pile construction, curing is usually done using water. The
freshly poured concrete is
covered with a layer of water to keep it moist and prevent it from drying out
too quickly. The water can
be sprayed onto the surface of the concrete, or a wet cover such as burlap or
plastic sheeting can be used
to retain moisture.The duration of curing in cast in situ piles typically lasts for
7 to 14 days, depending
on the type of cement used and the ambient conditions. During this time, the
concrete must be kept
moist, and the temperature should be maintained within the optimal range of
50°F to 85°F. In hot
weather, the concrete should be shaded to prevent rapid evaporation, while
in cold weather, the concrete
should be kept warm to ensure proper hydration.
Step 10: Removing the impure concrete from the top

After curing, the top part of each pile which is made of impure concrete is removed.
Step 11: Pile cap construction

A pile cap is a mass concrete structure contains more piles embeds in it. A
group of pill drives into
clay,soft, and loose soil to provide a strong ,stable andsuitable foundation.
The pile designs considering the punching shea around the heads of the piles
and column base.it
also designs for bending moment due to the transmission of loads from
columns to the individual
piles.

Cast in Situ Pile Construction Step & Process For Term paPER

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Cast in Situ Pile Construction Step & Process For Term paPER

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cast in situ pile construction details:

step 1: Pile point setting out

step 2: making necessary construction

(ii) Construction of water storage tank:

(iii)construction of reinforcement casting:

step 3: wash boring

(ii)centering and placing of auger:

(iv)temporary steel case placing:

(v)water supply by hose pipe(using bentonite):

Functions & Uses Of Bentonite Slurry :

Step 6: casting concrete using tremie pipe:

Step 8: Removal of temporary steel case

The temporary steel case is removed.

Step 10: Removing the impure concrete from the top

Step 11: Pile cap construction

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