Integration 21/10 [119 marks]

1. [Maximum mark: 5] SPM.1.SL.TZ0.10

The following diagram shows part of the graph of
f (x) = (6 − 3x) (4 + x), x ∈ R. The shaded region R is bounded by the
x-axis, y-axis and the graph of f .

(a) Write down an integral for the area of region R. [2]

Markscheme

2
A = ∫0 (6 − 3x) (4 + x)dx A1A1

Note: Award A1 for the limits x = 0, x = 2. Award A1 for an integral of f (x).

[2 marks]

(b) Find the area of region R. [1]

 Markscheme

28 A1

[1 mark]

(c) The three points A(0, 0) , B(3, 10) and C(a, 0) define the vertices
of a triangle.

Find the value of a, the x-coordinate of C, such that the area of

the triangle is equal to the area of region R. [2]

Markscheme

28 = 0.5 × a × 10 M1

28
5.6 (
5
) A1

[2 marks]

2. [Maximum mark: 6] 18M.1.SL.TZ2.S_2

Let f (x) = 6x
2
− 3x. The graph of f is shown in the following diagram.

(a) Find ∫ (6x

2
− 3x)dx. [2]

Markscheme

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.

2 3 2

2x
3
−
3x

2
+ c (accept
6x

3
−
3x

2
+ c) A1A1 N2

Notes: Award A1A0 for both correct terms if +c is omitted.

Award A1A0 for one correct term eg 2x 3 + c.

Award A1A0 if both terms are correct, but candidate attempts further
working to solve for c.

[2 marks]

(b) Find the area of the region enclosed by the graph of f , the x-
axis and the lines x = 1 and x = 2 . [4]
 Markscheme

substitution of limits or function (A1)

2
2
2 3x
eg ∫
1
f (x) dx, [2x
3
−
2
]
1

substituting limits into their integrated function and subtracting (M1)

3 2 3 2

eg 6×2

3
−
3×2

2
− (
6×1

3
+
3×1

2
)

Note: Award M0 if substituted into original function.

correct working (A1)

eg 6×8

3
−
3×4

2
−
6×1

3
+
3×1

2
, (16 − 6) − (2 −
3

2
)

19

2
A1 N3

[4 marks]

3. [Maximum mark: 21] 24M.2.SL.TZ1.5

Andrew designs a fibreglass water slide for a water park.

Let x be the horizontal distance, in metres, from the start of the water slide.
Let h be the height, in metres, of the water slide above the horizontal ground.

The following diagram shows a cross section of the water slide. The water slide
will be supported by a concrete structure, represented by the shaded region in
the diagram.
It is known that h′(x) = 0. 6x
2
− 1. 8x.

(a) Find the gradient of the water slide when x = 2. [2]

Markscheme

attempt to substitute 2 into the DE (M1)

2
0. 6 × 2 − 1. 8 × 2

−1. 2 A1

[2 marks]

At the exit point of the water slide, x = 4 and h = 1. 4.

(b) Find an expression for h(x). [4]

Markscheme

recognition of need to integrate (M1)

Note: An increase of powers (expressions with x 2 + x

3
) is sufficient
evidence of the need to integrate.
 0. 2x
3
− 0. 9x
2
(+c) (A1)

attempt to substitute given condition to find c (M1)

3 2
0. 2 (4) − 0. 9 (4) + c = 1. 4 OR c = 3

(h(x) =) 0. 2x
3
− 0. 9x
2
+ 3 A1

[4 marks]

(c.i) Write down an integral that can be used to find the area of the
shaded region. [2]

Markscheme

4 4
∫
0
0. 2x
3
− 0. 9x
2
+ 3dx OR ∫
0
h dx A1A1

Note: Award A1 for a correct integral, A1 for correct limits in the correct
location.

Award at most A0A1 if dx is omitted.

Award at most A0A1 for "integral ydx" or integral f (x)dx, this is not the
correct integrand.

[2 marks]

(c.ii) Find the cross-sectional area of the concrete structure. [2]

Markscheme

5. 6 (m )
2
A2
 Note: A negative area for their integrand is unrealistic. Award at most A1A0
for their FT answer expressed as negative area or a negative area converted
to a positive answer.”

[2 marks]

The water slide and concrete structure have a uniform cross section and a width
of 1. 2 metres, as shown in the following diagram.

(d) Find the volume of the concrete structure.

[1]

Markscheme

(5. 6 × 1. 2 =) 6. 72 m
3
A1

Note: Correct unit must be seen for the A1 to be awarded.

[1 mark]

To comply with safety regulations, Andrew updates this design. The start of the
design will stay the same. Then, over the domain 2 ≤ x ≤ 4, the updated
design must satisfy the following conditions.

2
h(x) = ax + bx + c h(4) = 1 h′(2) = −1. 2 h′(3) = 0

(e) Write down three equations, in terms of a, b and c, using the

given conditions. [6]

Markscheme

attempt to substitute one of the given conditions, both x and h, into either
the function or the derivative (M1)

1 = 16a + 4b + c A1

attempt to differentiate h(x) (M1)

h′(x) = 2a(x) + b (A1)

−1. 2 = 4a + b A1

−b
0 = 6a + b OR 3 =
2a
A1

Note: The equations can be found in any order, and hence the associated
mark(s) should be awarded independently.

Accept 1 = 4a + 2b + c and 1. 2 = 8a + b as correct equations,

from symmetry.

Award at most M1A1M1A1A1A0 if the equations are not simplified to integer

values.
E.g. 1 2
= 4 a + 4b + c, − 1. 2 = 2 × 2a + b, 0 = 2 × 3a + b

[6 marks]

(f ) Hence find the values of a, b and c. [2]

Markscheme
 ), b = −3. 6 (− ), c = 5. 8 ( A2
3 18 29
a = 0. 6 ( )
5 5 5

Note: Award A1 if only two are correct, A0 otherwise.

Only follow through from three explicit equations given in part (e).

[2 marks]

Andrew claims the updated design will still provide a smooth path for a person
using the slide.

(g) Explain why Andrew’s claim is correct at the point where

x = 2. [2]

Markscheme

gradients are the same OR h′(2) = −1. 2 for both curves A1

heights are the same OR h(2) = 1 for both curves A1

[2 marks]

4. [Maximum mark: 7] 20N.1.SL.TZ0.S_6

The graph of a function f passes through the point (ln 4, 20).

Given that f ′(x) = 6e

2x
, find f (x). [7]

Markscheme

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
 evidence of integration (M1)

eg ∫ f ′(x) dx , ∫ 6e
2x

correct integration (accept missing +c) (A1)

eg 1

2
× 6e
2x
, 3e
2x
+ c

substituting initial condition into their integrated expression (must have

+c) M1

eg 3e
2×ln 4
+ c = 20

Note: Award M0 if candidate has substituted into f ′ or f ′′.

correct application of log(a b ) = b log a rule (seen anywhere) (A1)

eg 2 ln 4 = ln 16 , e
ln 16
, ln 4
2

correct application of e ln a =a rule (seen anywhere) (A1)

2
eg e
ln 16
= 16 , (e
ln 4
) = 4
2

correct working (A1)

2
eg 3 × 16 + c = 20 , 3 × (4) + c = 20 , c = −28

f (x) = 3e
2x
− 28 A1 N4

[7 marks]

5. [Maximum mark: 5] 19M.1.SL.TZ1.S_5

 The derivative of a function f is given by f ′ (x) = 2e
−3x
. The graph
of f passes through ( 3 , 1
5).

Find f (x). [5]

Markscheme

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.

recognizing to integrate (M1)

eg ∫ f
′
, ∫ 2e
−3x
dx, du = −3

correct integral (do not penalize for missing +C ) (A2)

eg −
2

3
e
−3x
+ C

substituting ( 13 , 5) (in any order) into their integrated expression (must

have +C ) M1

eg
2 −3(1/3)
− e + C = 5
3

Note: Award M0 if they substitute into original or differentiated function.

f (x) = −
2

3
e
−3x
+ 5 +
2

3
e
−1
(or any equivalent form, eg
−
2

3
e
−3x
+ 5 −
−3e
2
) A1 N4

[5 marks]

6. [Maximum mark: 8] 18N.1.SL.TZ0.S_6

Let f (x) =
6−2x
. The following diagram shows part of the
√ 16+6x−x 2

graph of f .
 [8]

The region R is enclosed by the graph of f , the x-axis, and the y-axis.
Find the area of R.

Markscheme

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.

METHOD 1 (limits in terms of x)

valid approach to find x-intercept (M1)

eg f (x) = 0,
6−2x
= 0, 6 − 2x = 0
√ 16+6x−x 2

x-intercept is 3 (A1)

valid approach using substitution or inspection (M1)

3 6−2x 1
1

eg u = 16 + 6x − x
2
, ∫
0
dx, du = 6 − 2x, ∫ , 2u 2 ,
√u √u

1
du 1 −
u = √ 16 + 6x − x , ,
2 2 2
= (6 − 2x) (16 + 6x − x )
dx 2

∫ 2 du, 2u
∫ f (x) dx = 2√ 16 + 6x − x
2
(A2)

substituting both of their limits into their integrated function and

subtracting (M1)

2
eg 2√ 16 + 6 (3) − 3 − 2√ 16 + 6(0)
2
− 0
2
,
2√ 16 + 18 − 9 − 2√ 16

Note: Award M0 if they substitute into original or differentiated function.

Do not accept only “– 0” as evidence of substituting lower limit.

correct working (A1)

eg 2√ 25 − 2√ 16, 10 − 8

area = 2 A1 N2

METHOD 2 (limits in terms of u)

valid approach to find x-intercept (M1)

eg f (x) = 0,
6−2x
= 0, 6 − 2x = 0
√ 16+6x−x 2

x-intercept is 3 (A1)

valid approach using substitution or inspection (M1)

3 6−2x 1
eg u = 16 + 6x − x
2
, ∫
0
dx, du = 6 − 2x, ∫ ,
√u √u

1
−
u = √ 16 + 6x − x , ,
2 du 1 2 2
= (6 − 2x) (16 + 6x − x )
dx 2

∫ 2 du

correct integration (A2)

 1

eg ,
1
∫ du = 2u 2 ∫ 2 du = 2u
√u

both correct limits for u (A1)

25
1
25 1
eg u= 16 and u = 25, ∫
16
du, [2u 2 ] , u= 4 and u = 5,
√u
16
5 5
∫ 2 du, [2u]
4 4

substituting both of their limits for u (do not accept 0 and 3) into their
integrated function and subtracting (M1)

eg 2√ 25 − 2√ 16, 10 − 8

Note: Award M0 if they substitute into original or differentiated function, or

if they have not attempted to find limits for u.

area = 2 A1 N2

[8 marks]

7. [Maximum mark: 15] 24M.2.SL.TZ2.3

The following diagram shows a model of the side view of a water slide. All
lengths are measured in metres.
The curved edge of the slide is modelled by

+ 2x for 0 ≤ x ≤ 4.
1 2
f (x) = − x
4

The remainder of the slide is modelled by

4, f or 4 ≤ x ≤ 5
g(x) = {
48 4x
− , f or 5 ≤ x ≤ 12
7 7

(a) Use the trapezoidal rule with an interval width of 1 to calculate

the approximate area under the model of the slide in the
interval 0 ≤ x ≤ 4. [5]

Markscheme

heights, 0, 4, 1. 75, 3 and 3. 75 seen (A2)

Note: Award A1A0 if two of 1. 75, 3 or 3. 75 are seen.

attempt to use trapezoidal rule formula for their heights (M1)

2
× 1 × {0 + 4 + 2 (1. 75 + 3 + 3. 75)} (A1)
 Note: Award (M1)(A1) for correctly expressing this as 3 trapezoids and a
triangle. The “×1” need not be seen.

= 10. 5 (m )
2
A1

[5 marks]

(b) Find ∫ (− 14 x 2 + 2x)dx. [3]

Markscheme

−
1

12
x
3
+ x
2
+ c A1A1A1

[3 marks]

(c) Calculate the exact area under the entire model of the slide, for
0 ≤ x ≤ 12. [4]

Markscheme

4 1 1
∫
0
(−
4
x
2
+ 2x) dx + 1 × 4 +
2
× 7 × 4 (A1)(M1)(A1)

Note: Award A1 for correct area of rectangle OR triangle, M1 for substituting

correct limits into given integral (may be seen in part (b)), and A1 for entire
expression correct.

= 10. 6666 … + 4 + 14

2 86
= 28
3
(m )
2
(
3
) A1
 Note: The answer must be exact for the A1 to be awarded. For an answer of
28. 7 or 28. 66 award (A1)(M1)(A1)A0.

[4 marks]

(d) Find the percentage error in the total area under the entire
model of the slide when using the approximate value from part
(a). [3]

Markscheme

(Total area using part (a) =) 28. 5 (A1)

Percentage error 28.5−28.6666…

28.6666…
× 100 (M1)

Note: if their trapezoid value is incorrect but is used correctly in the

percentage error formula, award at most A0M1A0. If it is clear from the
answer that ×100 has been used, then condone the omission and award
the M mark.

= 0. 581 (%) (0. 581395 …) A1

(accept 0. 697 from use of 28. 7)

[3 marks]

8. [Maximum mark: 14] 19M.1.SL.TZ2.S_10

3

Let y = (x
3
+ x)
2
.
(a) Find
dy
. [3]
dx

Markscheme

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.

evidence of choosing chain rule (M1)

dy dy
eg , + x, u
du 3 ′ 2
= × u = x = 3x + 1
dx du dx

1
dy 3 3 2 3 2
= (x + x)
2
(3x + 1) (= √ x 3 + x (3x + 1))
dx 2 2

A2 N3

[3 marks]

(b) Hence find ∫ (3x

2
+ 1)√ x
3
+ x dx. [3]

Markscheme

integrating by inspection from (a) or by substitution (M1)

eg 2

3
∫
3

2
(3x
2
+ 1)√ x
3
+ x dx, u = x
3
+ x,
du

dx
= 3x
2
+ 1,
3
1

,
u 2
∫ u 2
1.5

correct integrated expression in terms of x A2 N3

1.5
3 3
(x +x)
eg + C,
2 3 2
(x + x) + C
3 1.5

[3 marks]
Consider the functions f (x) = √ x + x and
3

g (x) = 6 − 3x √ x + x, for x ≥ 0.
2 3

The graphs of f and g are shown in the following diagram.

The shaded region R is enclosed by the graphs of f , g, the y-axis and x = 1.

(c) Write down an expression for the area of R. [2]

Markscheme

integrating and subtracting functions (in any order) (M1)

eg ∫ g − f, ∫ f − ∫ g

correct integral (including limits, accept absence of dx) A1 N2

1 1
eg ∫
0
(g − f ) dx, ∫
0
6 − 3x √ x + x − √ x + x dx,
2 3 3

1 1
∫ g (x)− ∫ f (x)
0 0
 [2 marks]

(d) Hence find the exact area of R. [6]

Markscheme

recognizing √x 3 + x is a common factor (seen anywhere, may be seen

in part (c)) (M1)

eg (−3x
2
− 1)√ x
3
+ x, ∫ 6 − (3x
2
+ 1)√ x
3
+ x,

2 3
(3x − 1)√ x + x

correct integration (A1)(A1)

3
2
eg 6x −
3
(x
3
+ x)
2

3
2
Note: Award A1 for 6x and award A1 for − 3 (x 3
+ x)
2
.

substituting limits into their integrated function and subtracting (in any
order) (M1)
3 3
2 2
eg 6 −
3
(1
3
+ 1)
2
, 0 − [6 −
3
(1
3
+ 1)
2
]

correct working (A1)

2 2
eg 6 −
3
× 2√ 2, 6 −
3
× √4 × √2

3
4√ 2 2 2 18−4√ 2
area of R = 6 −
3
(= 6 −
3
√ 8, 6 −
3
× 2 2 ,
3
)

A1 N3

[6 marks]

9. [Maximum mark: 7] 22M.1.SL.TZ1.6

A modern art painting is contained in a square frame. The painting has a shaded
region bounded by a smooth curve and a horizontal line.

When the painting is placed on a coordinate axes such that the bottom left
corner of the painting has coordinates (−1, − 1) and the top right corner
has coordinates (2, 2), the curve can be modelled by y = f (x) and the
horizontal line can be modelled by the x-axis. Distances are measured in metres.

(a) Use the trapezoidal rule, with the values given in the following
table, to approximate the area of the shaded region.

[3]

Markscheme

2
(0. 6 + 0 + 2(1. 2 + 1. 2)) (A1)(M1)

Note: Award A1 for evidence of h = 1, M1 for a correct substitution into

trapezoidal rule (allow for an incorrect h only). The zero can be omitted in
the working.
 2. 7 m
2
A1

[3 marks]

3 2

The artist used the equation y to draw the curve.

−x −3x +4x+12
=
10

(b) Find the exact area of the shaded region in the painting. [2]

Markscheme

3 2
2 2
∫
−1
−x −3x +4x+12

10
d x OR ∫
−1
f (x) d x (M1)

Note: Award M1 for using definite integration with correct limits.

2. 925 m
2
A1

Note: Question requires exact answer, do not award final A1 for 2. 93.

[2 marks]

(c) Find the area of the unshaded region in the painting. [2]

Markscheme

9 − 2. 925 (M1)
 Note: Award M1 for 9 seen as part of a subtraction.

= 6. 08 m
2
(6. 075) A1

[2 marks]

10. [Maximum mark: 16] 20N.2.SL.TZ0.S_10

Consider a function f (x), for x ≥ 0. The derivative of f is given by
f ′(x) =
x +4
6x
2
.

(a)
2

Show that f ′′(x) .

24−6x
=
2
(x +4)
2
[4]

Markscheme

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.

METHOD 1

evidence of choosing the quotient rule (M1)

vu′−uv′
eg v
2

derivative of 6x is 6 (must be seen in rule) (A1)

derivative of x 2 + 4 is 2x (must be seen in rule) (A1)

correct substitution into the quotient rule A1

2
6(x +4)−(6x)(2x)
eg 2
2
(x +4)

AG N0
24−6x
f ′′(x) = 2
2
(x +4)
 METHOD 2

evidence of choosing the product rule (M1)

eg vu′+uv′

derivative of 6x is 6 (must be seen in rule) (A1)

−1 −2
derivative of (x 2 + 4) is −2x(x 2 + 4) (must be seen in rule)
(A1)

correct substitution into the product rule A1

−1 −2
eg 6(x
2
+ 4) + (−1)(6x)(2x)(x
2
+ 4)

AG N0
24−6x
f ′′(x) = 2
2
(x +4)

[4 marks]

The graph of f is concave-down when x > n.

(b) Find the least value of n. [2]

Markscheme

METHOD 1 (2nd derivative) (M1)

valid approach

eg f ′′< 0, 24 − 6x
2
< 0 , n = ±2, x = 2

n = 2 (exact) A1 N2
 METHOD 2 (1st derivative)

valid attempt to find local maximum on f ′ (M1)

eg sketch with max indicated, (2, 1. 5), x = 2

n = 2 (exact) A1 N2

[2 marks]

(c) Find ∫
6x
2
dx. [3]
x +4

Markscheme

evidence of valid approach using substitution or inspection (M1)

eg ∫ 3(2x)
1

u
dx , u = x
2
+ 4 , du = 2x dx , ∫ 3 × (
1

u
)du

∫
6x
2
(x +4)
dx = 3 ln(x
2
+ 4) + c A2 N3

[3 marks]

(d) Let R be the region enclosed by the graph of f , the x-axis and
the lines x = 1 and x = 3. The area of R is 19. 6, correct to
three significant figures.

Find f (x). [7]

Markscheme

3
recognizing that area = ∫
1
f (x)dx (seen anywhere) (M1)

recognizing that their answer to (c) is their f (x) (accept absence of c)

(M1)
 eg f (x) = 3 ln(x
2
+ 4) + c , f (x) = 3 ln(x
2
+ 4)

3
correct value for ∫ 1 3 ln(x
2
+ 4)dx (seen anywhere) (A1)

eg 12. 4859

3
correct integration for ∫ 1 c dx (seen anywhere) (A1)

3
[cx] 1 , 2c

adding their integrated expressions and equating to 19. 6 (do not accept
an expression which involves an integral) (M1)

eg 12. 4859 + 2c = 19. 6 , 2c = 7. 114

c = 3. 55700 (A1)

A1 N4
2
f (x) = 3 ln(x + 4) + 3. 56

[7 marks]

11. [Maximum mark: 8] 21N.1.SL.TZ0.13

Irina uses a set of coordinate axes to draw her design of a window. The base of
the window is on the x-axis, the upper part of the window is in the form of a
quadratic curve and the sides are vertical lines, as shown on the diagram. The
curve has end points (0, 10) and (8, 10) and its vertex is (4, 12). Distances

are measured in centimetres.

The quadratic curve can be expressed in the form y = ax
2
+ bx + c for

0 ≤ x ≤ 8.

(a.i) Write down the value of c. [1]

Markscheme

c = 10 A1

[1 mark]

(a.ii) Hence form two equations in terms of a and b. [2]

Markscheme

64a + 8b + 10 = 10 A1

16a + 4b + 10 = 12 A1

Note: Award A1 for each equivalent expression or A1 for the use of the axis
of symmetry formula to find 4 = 2a or from use of derivative. Award
−b

A0A1 for 64a + 8b + c = 10 and 16a + 4b + c = 12 .

 [2 marks]

(a.iii) Hence find the equation of the quadratic curve. [2]

Markscheme

y = −
1

8
x
2
+ x + 10 A1A1

Note: Award A1A0 if one term is incorrect, A0A0 if two or more terms are
incorrect. Award at most A1A0 if correct a, b and c values are seen but
answer not expressed as an equation.

[2 marks]

(b) Find the area of the shaded region in Irina’s design. [3]

Markscheme

recognizing the need to integrate their expression (M1)

8 1
∫
0
−
8
x
2
+ x + 10 d x (A1)

Note: Award (A1) for correct integral, including limits. Condone absence of
d x.

90. 7 cm
2
(
272

3
, 90. 6666 …) A1

[3 marks]
12. [Maximum mark: 7] 22M.1.SL.TZ2.6
The graphs of y = 6 − x and y = 1. 5x
2
− 2. 5x + 3 intersect at (2, 4)

and (−1, 7), as shown in the following diagrams.

In diagram 1, the region enclosed by the lines y = 6 − x, x = −1, x = 2

and the x-axis has been shaded.

(a) Calculate the area of the shaded region in diagram 1. [2]

Markscheme

EITHER

attempt to substitute 3, 4 and 7 into area of a trapezoid formula (M1)

1
(A =) (7 + 4)(3)
2

OR

given line expressed as an integral (M1)

2
(A =) ∫ (6 − x) d x
−1
 OR

attempt to sum area of rectangle and area of triangle (M1)

1
(A =) 4 × 3 + (3)(3)
2

THEN

16. 5 (square units) A1

[3 marks]

In diagram 2, the region enclosed by the curve y = 1. 5x

2
− 2. 5x + 3, and

the lines x = −1, x = 2 and the x-axis has been shaded.

(b.i) Write down an integral for the area of the shaded region in
diagram 2. [2]

Markscheme
 2
(A =) ∫
−1
1. 5x
2
− 2. 5x + 3 d x A1A1

Note: Award A1 for the limits x = −1, x = 2 in correct location. Award A1

for an integral of the quadratic function, d x must be included. Do not
accept “y” in place of the function, given that two equations are in the
question.

[2 marks]

(b.ii) Calculate the area of this region. [1]

Markscheme

9. 75 (square units) A1

[1 mark]

(c) Hence, determine the area enclosed between y = 6 − x and

y = 1. 5x
2
− 2. 5x + 3. [2]

Markscheme

16. 5 − 9. 75 (M1)

6. 75 (square units) A1

[2 marks]
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