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Heating Effect of Current

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Anju Emma
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39 views22 pages

Heating Effect of Current

Uploaded by

Anju Emma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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HAVE YOU EVER

WONDERED HOW
ELECTRICITY
HELPED US IN
HEATING WATER?
HOW WE CAN
GRILL USING
ELECTRICITY?
02
01

HEATING
EFFECT
OF
CURRENT
HEATING
EFFECT OF
CURRENT
It is when electrical energy is converted
to heat energy. As electrical energy
passes through a conductor, the
conductor becomes hot after some
time and produces heat.
Electric currents produce heat as they
flow through parts of a circuit that
resist their movement. This heating
effect is used in many appliances, such
as electric kettles, electric irons,
heaters, and electric bulbs.
Electric power is the energy per unit of
time converted by an electric circuit into
another form of energy

To get the electric power dissipated on a


single resistor we need to utilize Ohm’s
Law:

Therefore:
Electrical energy itself can be expressed
as the electrical power multiplied by time

If we consider the complete energy converts


into heat then heat energy produced by the
resistor is:
Joules Law of Heating
The very famous physicist James Prescott
found that the amount of heat generated per
second that develops in a conductor having a
current is directly proportional to the
electrical resistance of the wire and also
with the square of the current given. This
heat which is liberated or generated because
of the electrical current that flows in an
electrical wire is expressed in Joules.
H = gives or indicates the amount of heat.
I = shows the amount of the electrical current supplied.
R = is the value or amount of electric resistance exerted
in the conductor.
t = denotes the time for which the appliance is operated.
APPLICATIONS
Electrical Fuse

02
APPLICATIONS
Electrical Fuse
In any electrical instrument which we sometimes use due to a
sudden rise in the amount of current, the instrument or appliance
gets overheated or burnt down which sometimes may result in a
severe fire. Whenever the current value somehow accidentally
rises, the wire inside the fuse melts due to the excessive heating
and thus results in breaking the electrical circuit saving the device
as well as our lives.

02
APPLICATIONS
Electric Bulb
Electrical bulb contains a very thick metallic wire which is
in turn made up of highly resistive tungsten metal. When
the electrical current flows through the used tungsten
wire, it becomes warm or heated, and then it emits light.
The tungsten filament used also has a high resistivity and a
very high melting point so that it doesn’t get heated easily
when used.

02
APPLICATIONS
Electric Heater
In an electrical heater, a very high resistance nichrome
wire is mostly and commonly used as a coil.
Whenever the electrical current flows in the coil, it
quickly becomes warm or heated, which is then widely
used to heat our cooking vessels.

02
APPLICATIONS
Electric Iron
Between the metal part and the electrical coil in an
iron, Mica is placed which is by nature an insulator.
Between the metal part and the electrical coil in an
iron, Mica is placed which is by nature an insulator.

02
SAMPLE PROBLEM 2
A color television uses about 2.0 A when operated on
120 V.
a) How much power does the set use?
b) If the TV is operated for 8.00 hours per day, how
much energy in kWh does it use per day?
c) At Php 6.00. per kWh, what does it cost to run the
TV for 30 days?
02
SAMPLE PROBLEM 3

Calculate the heat produced when


96,000 coulombs of charge is
transferred in 1 hour through a potential
difference of 50 volts.

02
05

SEATWORK

Answer RELAY
05

SEATWORK

Find the heat energy produced in a resistance


of 10 Ω when 5 A current flows through it for
5 minutes.
05

SEATWORK

A Potential difference of 250 volts is


applied across a resistance of 500 ohms in
an electric iron.
Find the heat energy produced in joules in
10 seconds.
05

SEATWORK

The heat generated is 100 J from an


electrical fan which has a potential
difference of 10 V and the time for
which it is used is 10 sec. Find what the
amount of electrical current that is used
is?
05

SEATWORK

100 J of heat energy is produced by an


electrical appliance that is used for 1
sec and is having a resistance of 4
ohms. Find and calculate the potential
difference of the appliance.
05

SEATWORK

Find out the heat produced by the


electric toaster when it is used for 5
minutes. The current given was 2 A and
its resistance is 3 ohms.
05

ASSIGNMENT
Two conducting wires of the same material and of equal
lengths and equal diameters are first connected in series
and then in parallel in a circuit across the same potential
difference. The ratio of heat produced in series and
parallel combinations would be :
(a) 1:2
(b) 2:1
(c) 1:4
(d) 4:1

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