RUSTOMJIE INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, JALGAON

Computer Notes Grade : 8

Date :29 /01 /2021

Chapter 10 – Artificial Intelligence

A) Fill in the blanks with the help of words given in the box

( Machine learning , Machine ethics , consumer to consumer auction ,

neural Networks , LISP )

1) John Mc Carthy developed LISP programming language that laid the foundation of AI.

2) Machine learning requires a machine to improve from experience.

3) Deep learning is achieved by the method called deep neural networks.

4) Machine ethics is a research field which works for designing robots or artificially

intelligent computers.

5) The selling point of eBay is consumer to consumer auction style selling.

B) Write True (T) or False (F)

1) Deep learning is a specialized form of machine learning. T

2) Artificial Narrow Intellignece is the first state of AI. T

3) Artificial intelligence is the intelligence exhibited by humans which influences

machines. F

4) AI assistants can be used to send reminder to customers. T

5) Smart home devices can be controlled through voice commands. T

C) Tick ( √ ) the correct answer

1) What does AGI stand for ?

a) Artificial General Intelligence √ b) Automated General Intelligence.

c) Automated Graphic Intelligence

 2) _______________ is a technology used by the computers to understand the natural

speech of the user during an interaction.

a) Natural language processing √ b) Machine learning

c) None of these

3) ________________is a copywriting tool. It uses natural language processing and deep

learning.

a) Phrasee √ b) Phantom c) eBay

4) When was the Machine Ferranti Mark 1 used for the fist time ?

a) 1854 b) 1985 c)1951 √

D) Answer the following questions:

1) Define artificial intelligence.

1. Ans :- Artificial intelligence (AI) is the intelligence exhibited by a machine or a computer

to be able to perform tasks that would usually require human intelligence. It is a huge field

that encompasses several different techniques and tools to exhibit human like response and

brain functioning artificially through a non- living medium.

2) Briefly explain the milestones in the field of artificial intelligence.

Ans :-Milestones in the field of artificial intelligence are:

• Computer scientist Alan Turing proposes a test for machine language in 1950.

• The term artificial intelligence was first coined by computer scientist John McCarthy

in1956.

• A chatbot named Eliza is created at MIT Artificial Intelligence laboratory in 1964.

• CMU pioneers the use of neural networks to control their autonomous vehicles in 1989.
• The debut of Roomba, an autonomous robotic vacuum cleaner in 2002.

• Google’s AlphaGo beats Go, a 2000-year old board game in 2017.

• Announcement of Google Duplex in 2018, a technology that allows AI assistant to book

appointments on phone.

3) What are the different stages of artificial intelligence ?

Ans :- Development of AI has been divided into three stages:

• Stage-1: Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI) is the first stage of AI. It has a

narrow scope and works only in a single functional area.

• Stage-2: Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) is the next stage of AI. The

machines at this stage are as capable as humans. These machines can independently

apply intelligence to solve problems in multiple fields.

• Stage-3: Artificial Super Intelligence (ASI) machines would be the ones that can surpass the

average intelligence level of humans.

4) What are the various applications of artificial intelligence ?

Ans :- Some applications of AI are:

• Automated customer support: AI enabled assistant offers answering of simple queries and

redirects the customer to a particular product based on the description given.

• Online shopping: AI assistants are used to send reminders, offer instant answers and having

a more personal approach towards queries of customers.

 Healthcare: AI helps in analysing samples and improving the accuracy of diagnosis.

• Futuristic vehicles: AI based drones and futuristic cars relying on AI are already in

developing stage.

• Travel: AI is responsible for suggesting efficient routes based on real-time situations.

• Social media: AI powered social media platforms show us feeds, timelines, send

notifications, reminders and influence our decisions.

• Smart home devices: These are the devices that use AI to learn our behaviour and adjust

according to them.

• Robotics: AI powered robots are capable of reasoning and solving problems to a

limited extent as well as performing actions based on them.

5) Write about the limitations of artificial intelligence.

Ans :- Some limitations of artificial intelligence are:

• Insufficient availability of data: Data is important for any AI machine to

constantly learn and develop. Many organisations that want to take on AI projects, do

not have sufficient data or enough of useful data that could be used by AI machine.

• Data collection bias: Many AI systems are trained using data that sometimes

lends itself to biasness. An AI system can only be as good as the data that has been

programmed into it. When the data programme is biased, the system is trained

according to that. As humans can take incorrect decisions based on biased thought

or approach, in the same way an AI system can also take a wrong decision.

• Ethical limitations: The reluctance of humans letting machines take over the

tasks that they are accustomed to do, results in ethical limitations as AI might not be

able to take and implement decisions based on the ethical versatility a human has.

• Lack of emotional intelligence: NLP has been shown to be effective in building

emotional intelligence, but it is still far away from being close to exhibit the same

emotional intelligence as humans.