SRM INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

RAMAPURAM PART- VADAPALANI CAMPUS, CHENNAI – 600 026

Department of Mathematics
Sub Title: DISCRETE MATHEMATICS FOR ENGINEERS
Sub Code: 19PMAB02 T
Unit -IV - ALGEBRAIC SYSTEMS -GROUPS

1. * : A  A  A is said to be a binary operation if

a) a * b  A forsome a  A b) a * b  A forsome b  A

c). a * b  A forsome a, b  A d) a * b  A for all a, b  A Ans : d

2. ______ is not a binary operation on the set of natural numbers.
a) + b) - c) x d)  n Ans: b
3. ______ is not a binary operation on the set of natural numbers.
a) + b) - c) x d)  Ans d
4. If a * (b * c)  (a * b) * c , a, b, c  S then * is said to be ---------- in S.
a) Closed b) Commutative c) Associative d) Distributive Ans c
5. ( S,*) is said to be a semi group if
a) * is Closed b) * is Associative c) * is both closed and Associative d) it has identity element Ans: c
6. The semi-group ( S,*) is said to be a monoid if S has
a) Identity b) inverse c) satisfies commutative law d) satisfies distributive law Ans a
7. Let * be a binary operation on S defined by a*b = a+b+2ab then the identity element w.r.to * is
a) 0 b) 1 c) 2 d) 3 Ans a
 ab
8. Let G  Q and a * b  , a, b  Q  .Then inverse of ‘a’ is
2
1 2 3 4
a) b ) c) d) Ans : d
a a a a
9. The set of all real numbers under the usual multiplication operation is not a group since
a) Multiplication is not a binary operation b) Multiplication is not associative
c) Identity elements does not exist d) Zero has no inverse Ans : d

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 10. G  ( Z 5 ,5 ) is --------

a) Semigroup b) Monoid c) Group d) Abelian group Ans: b

11. The identity element In the group G = {2, 4, 6, 8) under multiplication modulo 10 is
a) 5 b) 9 c) 6 d) 12 Ans : c
b ,  a,b G. Then G is a
1 1 1
12. If (G, .) is a group such that (ab) =a

a. Commutative semi c. Non-abelian group

b. Abelian group d. None of the above Ans: b
13. If (G,.) is a group such that a =e,  a  G, then G is
2

a. semi group c. non-abelian group

b. abelian group d. none of above Ans: b
14. The inverse of – i in the multiplication group {1,-1,i,-i} is
a. 1 c. i
b. -1 d. –I Ans: c
1 1
15. In the group (G,.), the value of (a b) is
1 1
a. ab c. a b
1 1
b. b a d. ba Ans: b
16. If (G,.) is a group, such that (ab) = a b ,  a,b G then G is an
2 2 2

a. Commutative semi group c. Non-abelian group

b. abelian group d. None of these Ans: b
17. The identity element of a group (G,*) is
a. Unique c. Infinite
b. Uncountable d. None of these Ans: a
18. If G = {1,-1,i,-i}, then (G,×) is a cyclic group with the generator
a. i and –I b. i and 1
c.1 and -1 d. –i and 1 Ans: a
19. .Every group of prime order is
a.) Cyclic and hence abelian b) Abelian and hence cyclic
b.) c) Not cyclic and abelian d) Not abelian and cyclic Ans : a
20. What are the generators of the group (Z,+) ?
a.) 1 and 0 b) -1 and 0 c) 0 alone d) 1 and -1 Ans : d
21. The necessary and sufficient condition that a non-empty subset of H of a group G to be a sub-group is
a) a, b  H => a-1, b-1  H b) a, b  H => a*b-1 H
c) a, b  H => a*b  H d) a, b  H => (a*b)-1  H Ans : b
22.Let G be a group. If a, b Ꞓ G then inverse of (a*b) is
a) a-1*b-1 b) a*b-1 c) a-1*b d) b-1*a-1 Ans : d

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 23. Which one of subsets of a group G = {1, -1, i, i} is a sub-group of G under multiplication?
a.) {i, -i} b) {i, i} c) {1, -i} d) {1, -1} Ans : d
24.Order of a sub-group of a finite group divides the order of the group is called
a.) Lagrange’s Theorem b) Group homomorphism
c) Cayley’s Theorem d) Fundamental Theorem of homomorphism Ans : c
25. A function f : (X, .) -> (Y,*) is said to be homomorphism Ans : a
a.) f(x1-x2) = f(x1) * f(x2) b) f(x1*x2) = f(x1) . f(x2)
c) f(x1*x2) = f(x1) . 1/ f(x2) d) f(x1.x2) = f(x1*x2) Ans : b
26.Every cyclic group is
a.) Finite b) Abelian c) Normal d) Dihedral Ans : b
27.The order of a group G is 13, then the number of sub-groups of G is
a.) 1 b) 2 c) 4 d) 3 Ans : b
28.Name the semi-group (M,*) which has an identity element with respect to the operation on *
a.) Group b) Sub-group c) Monoid d) Cyclic Ans : c
29.Every sub-group of a cyclic group is
a.) Homomorphic b) Cyclic c) Isomorphic d) Abelian Ans : b
30. The minimum order of a non-abelian group is
a.) 3 b) 6 c) 9 d) 4 Ans : b
31. Every sub-group of abelian group is
a.) Normal b) Abelian c) Cyclic d) A permutation group. Ans : a

32. Which of the following is not an integral domain?

a) ( N, +, . ) b) ( c, +, . ) c) ( O, +, . ) d) ( R, +, . ) Ans : a

33. All integral domain S is

a) field when S is finite b) always a field c) never field d) field when S is infinite Ans : a

34. if ( R, +, . ) is a ring then that x.x = x ∀∀ x ∈∈ R, then

a) x + y = 0 ⇒⇒ x = y b) x + x ≠ 0 c) x ≠≠ y ⇒⇒ x + y = 0 d) x + x = 0 Ans : a

35. A ring of even integers is also a

a) field b) division ring c) integral domain d) ring with unity Ans : c

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36. The condition for non-existence of zero divisor is

a) a 2  a,  a  R b) the cellation law holds for multiplication in R

c ) (a  b) 2  a 2  2ab  b 2 ,  a, b  R d) a  a,  a  R
2
Ans : b

37. The ring Z of integers (mod p) is an integral domain iff

a) p is a positive integer b) p is purely even numbers c) p is odd d) p is prime Ans : d

38. Let S  a1 , a 2 , a3 , ai  Q . Define addition and multiplication on S by

(a1 , a2 , a3 )  (b1 , b2 , b3 )  (a1  b1 , a2  b2 , a3  b3 ) and

(a1 , a2 , a3 ).(b1 , b2 , b3 )  (a1b1 , a2 b1  a3b2 , a3b3 ) then S is

a) A non commutative ring with unity (1, 0, 1) b) A commutative ring without unity

c). A non-commutative ring with unity (1, 0, 0) d) A non-commutative ring without unity Ans : a

39. If R is a system such that it is a group under addition and multiplication, obeys the closure and

distributive laws, then Ans : b

a) R need not be a ring b) R has to be a ring c) R is not a ring d) R is necessarily a field

40. Which one of the following statement is correct?

a) In a ring ab = 0 ⇒⇒ either a = 0 or b = 0 b) Every finite ring is an integral domain

c). Every finite integral domain is a field d) a ring with zero divisors Ans : c

41) Let R = {0, l, 2, 3, 4, 5), +6,x6} then R is

a) a ring with zero divisors b) a field c) a division ring d) a ring without zero divisors Ans : a

42) . The set of all 2××2 matrices over the field of real number under the usual addition and multiplication

of matrices is

a) not a ring b) a ring with unity c) a commutative ring d) an integral domain Ans : b

43) If Q and Z are the sets of rational numbers and integers respectively, then which one of the following

triples is a field?

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 a) ( Q, +, x ) b) ( Q, -, x ) c) ( Z, +, x ) d) ( Z, -, x ) Ans : a

44) If x  10011  B 5 then weight of x , W(x) =

a) 2 b) 3 c) 5 d) 1 Ans : b

45) If x  10011  B 5 then the length of x =

a) 2 b) 3 c) 5 d) 1 Ans : c

46) The Hamming distance between the codes x = 010000 and y = 000101 is

a) 3 b) 2 c) 6 d) 5 Ans : a

47) If b  b1b2 .....bm, define e(b)  b1b2 .......bm bm 1 , where then

e(01010) = a) 110100 b) 010101 c) 010110 d) 010100 Ans : d

48) The minimum distance of encoding function is 2 then the number of errors it can detect is

a) 1 or less than 1 b) 2 or less than 2 c) 3 or less than three d) 0 error Ans : a

49) The minimum distance of encoding function is 3 then the number of errors it can correct is

a) 1 or less than 1 b) 2 or less than 2 c) 3 or less than three d) 0 error Ans : d

1 0 0 1 1 0
 
50) For an encoding function e : B  B , the generator matrix G   0 1 0 0 1 1  and the message
m n

0 0 1 1 0 1
 

M = ( 0 1 1) then the code word is

a) [0 1 1 1 1 0 ] b) [0 1 0 1 1 0 ] c) [0 0 0 1 1 0 ] d) [0 1 1 1 0 0 ] Ans: a

51) In a group code { 00000, 10101 , 01110 , 11011} , the inverse of 11011 is

a) 01110 b) 00000 c) 11011 d) 01110 Ans: c

1 1 0  1 0 0
0 1 1 1 0 1
52) The value of   
1 0 0  0 0 1
   
0 0 0 1 1 0

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 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0
1 
1 0 1 
1 1 1 
1 0 1 1 0
a)  b)  c)  d)  Ans: a
1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1
       
1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0

53) Order of B 5 =

a) 5 b) 2 c) 32 d) 10 Ans: c

54) For an encoding function e : B m  B 3m , e( 100) =

a) 100001100 b) 100100 001 c) 100100100 d) 100000000 Ans: c

55) The minimum weight of the non-zero code word in a group code is equal to its

a) maximum distance b) minimum distance c) equl distance d) Parity check code Ans: b

56.) The encoding function is

a) on-to function b) one to one function c) many to one function d) in to function Ans: b

57) The decoding function is

a) on-to function b) one to one function c) many to one function d) in to function Ans: a

GROUP CODE

Introduction:

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Example:1

Define weight of a codeword. Find the weights of the following.

Example:2

Define Hamming distance. Find the Hamming distance between the codes.

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DECODING AND ERROR CORRECTION :

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MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD TECHNIQUE :

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 Example:

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Example:

Example:

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Example:

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 PART-B

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 Question:

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 Question:

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 Question:

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Question:

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 Question:

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Question:

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 PART-C

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Question:

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 Question:

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