Scribd
Upload
4 views

Fundamentals of Operating Systems - Introduction To Operating Systems Cheatsheet - Codecademy

Uploaded by

rowdy9752
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
4 views

Fundamentals of Operating Systems - Introduction To Operating Systems Cheatsheet - Codecademy

Uploaded by

rowdy9752
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

Cheatsheets / Fundamentals of Operating Systems

Introduction to Operating Systems

The Operating System

The operating system (OS) is system software that


manages the basic functionalities of a computer and is
responsible for tasks such as process management,
memory management, file system management, IO
management, networking, security, and providing a
user interface.

Control Unit (CU)

The Control Unit (CU) on a CPU receives information Some functions of the CU:
from the software; then, it distributes and directs the
data to the relevant hardware components.
- Determine what/where the next
instruction must go for processing
- Send clock signals to all hardware to
force synchronous operations
- Send memory taskings if appropriate

Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU)

An Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) is a digital circuit used to Some ALU functions:
perform arithmetic and logic operations. It is the
- Addition & subtraction
fundamental building block of the CPU.
- Determining equality
- AND/OR/XOR/NOR/NOT/NAND logic
gates and more!
Registers

A register is a volatile memory system that provides the Functions of a register:


CPU with rapid access to information it is immediately
- Store temporary data for immediate
using.
processing by the ALU
- Hold "flag" information if an operation
results in overflow or triggers other
flags
- Hold the location of the next
instruction
to be processed by the CPU

The CPU

A Central Processing Unit (CPU) is the electronic


circuitry that executes instructions based on an input
of binary data (0’s and 1’s). The CPU consists of the
Control Unit (CU), the Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU),
and registers (Immediate Access Store).

Random Access Memory (RAM)

Random Access Memory, or RAM, is additional high-


speed memory that a computer uses to store and
access information on a short-term basis.

Hard Disks

Hard disks, or hard drives, are responsible for the


long-term, or secondary storage of data and programs.
The Mainboard

The mainboard, or motherboard, is a printed circuit


board that houses important hardware components via
ports.

Ports

A port is a physical outlet used to connect devices to a


computer. A computer typically contains multiple
ports. This connection allows for communication
between the IO device and the computer.

Main Functions of a Computer

There are four main functions of a computer that - Input is data we give to our computers
make user interaction possible:
Input
through interactions
Processing - Processing is comprised of the
Memory translation of input and the instructions
Output
given for output
- Memory is used to store either temporary
or permanent information
- Output is the information that gets
returned by the computer

Print Share

You might also like