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ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS
AND IDENTITIES
PHYSICS
1. Identify monomials, binomials and trinomials from the following:

1 2 2 2
(i) abc
2
Ans. Monomial

(ii) 7x  y 2  z2
Ans. Monomial
(iii) 2x + 5
Ans. Binomial
(iv) 8a  9b − 2a2  b2
Ans. Binomial
(v) xy + yz + zx
Ans. Trinomial

x2 − 2y 2 + 3z2
(vi)
3
Ans. Trinomial

2. If a = 4 and b = 5, find the value of a3 + b3 − 3a2b + 3ab2 .

Ans. a3 + b3 − 3a2b + 3ab2

= 43 + 53 − 3 42  5 + 3 4  52 = 249
1 4
3. Add: 5x2y, −3x2y, x2y, x2y
2 5
1 4
Ans. 5x2y, −3x2y, x2y, x2y
2 5
1 4
5x2y + ( −3x2y) + x2y + x2y
2 5
1 4
= (5 − 3 + + )x2y
2 5
33 2
= xy
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4. Subtract:

(i) −5xy 2 from −3xy 2

Ans. −3xy 2 − (−5xy 2 ) = 2xy 2 PHYSICS

( −3) 2 1
(ii) x y from x 2 y
7 3
1 2 (−3) 2 16
Ans. x y− x y = x2y
3 7 21
5. Add the following expression;
(i) 3x + 8y − 5z, 7x − 9y + 6z, x − 2y − 3z, −5x + 3y + z

3x + 8y − 5z
7x − 9y + 6z
Ans. x − 2y − 3z
+ − 5x + 3y + z
6x −z
(ii) 7xy + yz − 3zx, 2yz + zx − 5xy, 2zx − 3yz + 4xy
7xy + yz − 3zx
−5xy + 2yz + zx
Ans. +4xy − 3yz + 2zx
6xy
6. Subtract the following expression;

(i) 7x3 − 6x2y + 9xy 2 − 2y3 from 3x2y − 2x3 + y3 − 5xy 2

3x2y − 2x3 + y3 − 5xy 2

Ans. −6x2y + 7x3 − 2y3 + 9xy 2

+ − + −
9x2y − 9x3 + 3y3 − 14xy 2

(ii) 1 − x + 2x2 − x3 from 2x3 − x2 + 3x + 2

2x3 − x2 + 3x + 2

Ans. −x3 + 2x2 − x + 1

+ − + −
3x3 − 3x2 + 4x + 1

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7. Subtract the sum of 4x2 + 7xy + 3y 2 + 1 and 2x2 − 5xy − 2y 2 + 8 from 9x2 − 8xy + 11y 2 .
Ans. First Add

4x2 + 7xy + 3y 2 + 1 PHYSICS

2x2 − 5xy − 2y 2 + 8
6x2 + 2xy + y 2 + 9
Then Subtract

9x2 − 8xy + 11y 2

6x2 + 2xy + y 2 + 9
− − − −
3x2 − 10xy + 10y 2 − 9

8. What must be subtract from a2 + b2 + c2 − 3abc to get 2a2 − b2 − 3c2 + abc .

a2 + b2 + c2 − 3abc

Ans. 2a2 − b2 − 3c2 + abc

− + + −
−a2 + 2b2 + 4c2 − 4abc
9. Multiply:

(i) (2x 2
)
− 5x + 6  ( −3x )

Ans. = −6x3 + 15x2 − 18x

(ii) ( y − 4)( y − 6) = y 2
− 4y − 6y + 24

Ans. = y 2 + 10y + 24

(iii) (5x + 4y )(2x − 3y ) = 10x 2

+ 8xy − 15xy − 12y 2

Ans. = 10x2 − 7xy − 12y 2

(iv) (4x2 + 3x − 5)  (2x + 3)

Ans. (4x2 + 3x − 5)  (2x + 3)

= 8x3 + 6x2 − 10x + 12x2 + 9x − 15

= 8x3 + 18x2 − x − 15

(v) ( 4x 2
)
− 4x + 1  (2x2 + x − 2)

Ans. = 8x4 − 8x3 + 2x2 + 4x3 − 4x2 + x − 8x2 + 8x − 2

= 8x4 − 4x3 − 10x2 + 9x − 2

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(vi) (3x 5
) (
− 7x3 + 2x2 − x + 4  x3 − 2x2 + 3x − 1 )
Ans. (3x 5
− 7x3 + 2x2 − x + 4)  ( x 3
− 2x2 + 3x − 1)
PHYSICS
= 3x − 7x + 2x − x + 4x + 14x − 4x + 2x − 6x7 − 8x 2 + 9x 6 − 21x 4 + 6x3 − 3x 2 + 12x − 3x 5 + 7x 3
8 6 5 4 3 5 4 3

−2x2 + x − 4
= 3x8 + 2x6 + 13x5 − 26x4 + 19x3 − 6x7 + 13x2 + 13x − 4
10. Divide:

6ax − 3cx + 15x

(i)
−3x
Ans. –2a + c – 5
1 2 3 5 3 2 1 3 3
pq − pq + pq
(ii) 2 3 4
1 2 2
− pq
4
5
Ans. −2q + p − pq
2
(iii) x 3 − 3x 2 y + 3xy 2 − y 3 divide by x − y

(iv) 112x 2 + 7xy − 12y 2 divide by 3x + 4y

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(v) x 6 − y 6 Divide by x − y

PHYSICS

11. Find Remainder and Quotient for the following:

(i)

Quotient : 3t − 2t − 11t + 45
2 2

Remainder : 25t – 8
12. There are (3x + 5y) she has in a library and in each shelf are (5x + 3y) books. How many books are there in
the library?
Ans. Total No. of Book
= (3x + 5y) (5x + 3y)
= 15x 2 + 25xy + 9xy + 15y 2
= 15x 2 + 34xy + 15y 2

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13. If a sum of Rs. (16x 3 − 46x 2 + 39x − 9) in to be divide a equally among (8x – 3) persons, find the amount
received by each person.
Ans.
PHYSICS

Quotient : 2x 2 − 5x + 3
Remainder : 0
Each one will get 2x 2 − 5x + 3 Rs.
14. The length and breadth of a rectangle are (a + 5b) units and (7a – b) units respectively. The perimeter of
the rectangle is equal to the perimeter of the square. Find the how much in the area of the rectangle can
there of the square.
Ans. Perimeter of Rectangle = 2(a + 5b) + 2(7a – b)
= 16a + 8b
Area of Rectangle = (a + 5b)(7a – b)
= 7a2 + 35ab − ab − 5b2
= 7a2 + 34ab − 5b2

16a + 8b
Side of the square = = (4a + 2b)
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Area of square = (4a + 2b) (4a + 2b)
= 16a2 + 8ab + 8ab + 4b2
= 16a2 + 16ab + 4ab2
Area of square – Area of rectangle
= 16a2 + 16ab + 4b2 − 7a2 − 34ab + 5b2
= 9a2 − 18ab + 9b2
15. Simplify each of the following algebraic expression:
(i) 42c  14  3 − 10c  5 + c
Ans. 42c  14  3 − 10c  5 + c
= 3c  3 − 2c + c
= 9c − 2c + c = 8c

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(ii) 9.6a  0.32 2 + 4.5a  0.5 of 3 − 2a
Ans. 9.6a  0.32 2 + 4.5a  0.5 of 3 − 2a
= 9.6a  0.32 2 + 4.5a  1.5 − 2a PHYSICS
= 60a + 3a − 2a = 61a

(iii) 5a − [2b − {2a − 4 ( a − 2b) − 3(b − 2a − b)}]

Ans. 5a − [2b − {2a − 4 ( a − 2b) − 3(b − 2a − b)}]


= 5a − 2b − 2a − 4 ( a − 2b) − 3( b − 2a + b) 
  
= 5a − [2b − 2a − 4a + 8b − 6b + 6a]

= 5a − 2b − 4a + 2b = 9a

(iv)
  (
11a −  −7m − 6x − 4m − 2a − 6x 
 )
Ans.
 
= 11a − −7m − 6x − ( 4m − 2a + 6x ) 
 
= 11a − [−7m − 6x − 4m + 2a − 6x

= 11a − [−7m − 6x − 4m + 2a − 6x

= 11a − [−7m + 4m − 2a]

= 11a + 7m − 4m + 2a = 13a + 3m

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