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(D) DM+PCM (An AM Math at The End)

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24 views2 pages

(D) DM+PCM (An AM Math at The End)

Uploaded by

shaurovxfer
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EEE 309 Student No.

:
Class Test 2 Total Marks: 20
Duration: 25 minutes. Date: 9th August, 2010.

Question 1: Three signals x(t), y(t) and z(t) are delta modulated. The outputs of the
modulator are given below: (2)

Signal Delta modulator output Slope overload


x(t) 1110011010011010110010
y(t) 1010000000000000000000 √
z(t) 1010101010101010101010

Put a tick mark beside the signal that suffers from slope overload.

A long series of ones or zeros indicate slope overload.

Question 2: Consider the signal x(t )  4sin(200 t ) volt. The signal is the input of a
delta modulator. The step size of the delta modulator is 0.1 volt. What is the minimum
sampling frequency required to avoid slope overload? (4)

Solution:

Given,
Step size, q = 0.1 V

x(t )  4sin(200 t )

dx (t )
 4(200 ) cos(200 t )  800 cos(200 t )
dx
dx (t )
so,  800
dx max

To avoid slope overload,

dx (t )
qf s 
dx max
or , 0.1 f s  800
or , f s  8000  25.13 kHz

So, minimum sampling frequency = 25.13 kHz.


Question 3: Consider a signal x(t). The amplitude spectrum of x(t) is X(f), which is
shown here. The signal is sampled at a frequency 3
times larger than the Nyquist sampling rate. The X(f)
sampled signal is non-uniformly quantized and
transmitted using 8 bit PCM.
i. What is the sampling frequency?
ii. How many quantization levels are there?
iii. What is the bit rate?
iv. What is the required bandwidth for – 4 kHz 0 4 kHz f
transmission if NRZ line coding is used?
v. What is the required bandwidth for transmission if RZ line coding is used?

Now consider the signal to be transmitted using delta modulation instead of PCM. The
sampling frequency is same as before.
vi. What is the bit rate now?
vii. What is the required bandwidth for transmission now if Manchester line
coding is used? (10)

Solution:

Maximum signal frequency = 4 kHz


So, Nyquist rate = 8 kHz

i. Therefore, Sampling frequency, fs = 8 x 3 = 24 kHz


ii. Number of bits, b = 8.
So, number of levels, M = 2b = 256 levels

iii. Bit rate, Rb = number of samples per second x number of bits per sample
= bfs = 1/Tb = 24000 x 8 = 192 kbps

iv. For NRZ, bandwidth, BW = 1/Tb = Rb = 192 kHz


v. For RZ, bandwidth, BW = 2/Tb =2 Rb = 384 kHz

vi. In delta modulation, number of bits per sample = 1


Sampling frequency = unchanged = 24 kHz
So, bit rate, Rb = 24000 x 1 = 24 kbps

vii. For Manchester line coding,


Bandwidth, BW = 2/Tb = 2Rb = 48 kHz.

Question 4: Consider a single tone amplitude modulated wave with modulation index =
0.707. The unmodulated carrier amplitude is 24 V. (4)
i. What is the amplitude of the message signal?
ii. What is the amplitude sensitivity of modulation?
iii. What percentages of total power are in the sideband frequencies?
iv. What percentage of total power is in the carrier frequency?

Solution:
Am
i. ma  so, Am  ma Ac  0.707  24  16.968 V
Ac
1 1
ii. ka    0.0417 V 1
Ac 24
PSB ma2 (0.707) 2
iii.    20%
PTotal 2  ma2 2  (0.707) 2
PC 2 2
iv.    80%
PTotal 2  ma 2  (0.707)2
2

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