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Problems - Based - Unit 1

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56 views2 pages

Problems - Based - Unit 1

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miyis16543
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Department of Mechanical Engineering

Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad

Problems on Unit 1_MED401 (Energy Conversion Equipment)


Date: 19-08-2024

Problem 1 Dry and saturated steam at pressure 11 bar is supplied to a turbine and expanded isentropically to
pressure 0.07 bar. Calculate the following – (a) Heat supplied, (b) Total change of entropy, (c) Heat
rejected, (d) Theoretical thermal efficiency, (e) Also calculate the overall, actual output and thermal
efficiency if ηt = 80%, ηm = 95%, ηg = 96%, ηp = 80%.

Problem 2 A steam turbine receives steam at pressure 20 bar and superheated to 88.6 °C. The exhaust
pressure is 0.07 bar, and the expansion of steam takes place isentropically. Using steam table only,
calculate the following. (a) Heat supplied, assuming that the feed pump supplies water to the boiler
at 20 bar (b) Heat rejected (c) Net work done (d) work done by the turbine (e) Thermal efficiency (f)
Theoretical steam consumption.

Problem 3 In a binary-vapor cycle, the steam cycle operates between pressure of 30 bar and 0.07 bar and
uses a superheat temperature of 35 °C. The mercury cycle works between the pressure of 12.68
bar and 0.07 bar, the mercury vapor, entering the turbine, being in a dry and saturated condition.
Compute the efficiency of the combined cycle assuming expansion in both cycles as isentropic.
Data for mercury: -
p Saturation hfm hg Sfm Sg
(bar) °C (kJ/kg) (kJ/kg) (kJ/kg) (kJ/kg)

0.07 236.5 32.395 326.667 0.08548 0.662906

12.68 537.5 71.9796 360.704 0.145798 0.50185

Problem 4 Steam at 40 bar, 500°C flowing at the rate of 5500 kg/h expands in a h.p. turbine to 2 bars with an
isentropic efficiency of 83 %. A continuous supply of steam at 2 bar, 0.87 quality and a flow rate of
2700 kg/h is available from a geothermal energy source. This steam is mixed adiabatically with the
h.p. turbine exhaust steam and the combined flow then expands in a l.p. turbine to 0.1 bar with an
isentropic efficiency of 78%. Determine the power output and the thermal efficiency of the plant.
Assume that 5500 kg/h of steam is generated in the boiler at 40 bar, 500 °C from the saturated
feedwater at 0.1 bar.

Problem 5 A textile factory requires 10 t/h of steam for process heating at 3 bar saturated and 1000 kW of
power, for which a back pressure turbine of 70% internal efficiency is to be used. Find the steam
condition required at inlet of the turbine.

Problem 6 Consider a steam power plant operating on the ideal reheat Rankine cycle. Steam enters the high-
pressure turbine at 15 MPa and 600°C and is condensed in the condenser at a pressure of 10kPa.
If the moisture content of the steam at the exit of the low-pressure turbine is not to exceed 10.4
percent, determine (a) the pressure at which the steam should reheat and (b) the thermal efficiency
of the cycle. Assume the steam is reheated to the inlet temperature of the high-pressure turbine.

Problem 7 Consider a steam power plant that operates on an ideal reheat-regenerative Rankine cycle with one
open feedwater heater, one closed feedwater heater, and one reheater. Steam enters the turbine
at 15 MPa and 600 °C and is condensed in the condenser at a pressure of 10kPa. Some steam is
extracted from the turbine at 4MPa for the closed feedwater heater, and the remaining steam is
reheated at the same pressure to 600 °C. The extracted steam is completely condensed in the
heater and is pumped to 15 MPa before it mixes with the feedwater at the same pressure. Steam
for the open feed-water heater is extracted from the low-pressure turbine at a pressure of 0.5 MPa.
Determine the fractions of steam extracted from the turbine as well as the thermal efficiency of the
cycle.

Problem 8 Consider a steam power plant operating on the ideal regenerative Rankine cycle with one open
feedwater heater. Steam enters the turbine at 15 MPa and 600 °C and is condensed in the
condenser at a pressure of 10 kPa. Some steam leaves the turbine at a pressure of 1.2 MPa and
enters the open feedwater heater. Determine the fraction of steam extracted from the turbine and
the thermal efficiency of the cycle.

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