Perfect balance and fine tuning of the universe.

Answer: The billions of stars and galaxies in the universe move in perfect balance and stability in the
paths set out for them. Stars, planets and satellites rotate not only around their own axes but also
around the system of which they are a part of. Sometimes, galaxies containing 200-300 billion stars
move across each other’s' paths. The Earth rotates at 1,670 km/h (1,038 mph). Those stats for the Solar
System are even more fascinating. The larger the systems in the universe, the greater their speed. The
Solar System's speed of orbit around the Centre of the galaxy is 720,000 km/h.

There is no doubt that there is a very high risk of crashes in such a complicated and fast-moving system.
Yet nothing of the sort actually happens and we continue with our lives in complete safety. That is
because everything in the universe functions according to the perfect balance set out by Allah.

“He Who created the seven heavens in layers. You will not find any fault or error in the creation of the
All-Merciful. Look again-do you see any gaps? Then look again and again. Your sight will return to you
dazzled and exhausted!” (Qur'an, 67:3-4)

Don't you see how He created seven heavens in layers? (Qur'an, 71:15)

He created everything and determined it most exactly. (Qur'an, 25:2)

In the book of “A Brief History of Time” Stephen Hawking also included the fact with analysis that the
universe is slowly expanding.

Materialists emerged with a philosophy that machines can function on their own. However, the false
belief of materialism has been nullified today by the quotes present in Quran and also scientific
approval.

Fine tuning concepts summarize the way that the universe is not an aimless, uncontrolled, chance
collection of matter but that it has a purpose directed towards human life and has been designed with
the greatest care.

In Islamic terminology, fine tuning of the universe has been given special emphasis. Words like Taqdir,
Tibaaq, Tafaawut has been used frequently in Quran which means to measure, harmony and violation
respectively. So we can say fine tuning of this universe has been ensured in Islam.

Physicist Dr. Karl Giberson expressed that the universe has been fine tuned for the existence of life and
creation, in 1960s. British Professor George F. Ellis stated the same fact as well.
We know there have been four fundamental forces existing in the universe, every of them is equally
important. If gravity had been less powerful, all the galactic bodies would have collapsed. If the strong
force would have been slightly weaker, only Hydrogen element could have existed, others won’t. So it is
clear that if any of the fundamental force was out of discipline or the force was in less amount, then
there would have been no planets, no stars, no atoms, no life. And everything is governed by Allah, the
most Powerful.

Expansion of the Universe with reference.

Until the mid-20th century, there was a predominant view that the universe is fixed and static. However,
as science and technology progressed during the 20th century, the static universe model has been
completely uprooted. Modern physics has verified that the universe indeed had a beginning that it came
into being from nothing in a single moment in a huge explosion. Furthermore, it has been established
that the universe is not fixed and static, rather it is undergoing a constant process of movement, change
and expansion. Today, all these facts are universally accepted by the scientific community.

The origin of the universe is described in the Qur'an in the following verse:

• He is the originator of the heavens and the Earth. (6:101)

The conclusion that astrophysics has reached today is that the entire universe, together with the
dimensions of matter and time, came into existence as a result of a great explosion that occurred a long
time ago. So the static model that was proposed by Einstein, was declared void, and Einstein told it as
the biggest mistake of him life.

Allah says in the Qur’an: You have not been given of the knowledge except a few (of you) (Al-Quran:
17:85)

The expansion of the universe is the increase in distance between gravitationally boundless parts of the
observable universe with time. It is a basic expansion, so it does not mean that the universe expands
"into" anything or that space exists "outside" it. In the Qur'an, it is said, “It is we who have constructed
the heaven with might, and verily it is we who are expanding it” (51:47).

Until the dawn of 20th century it was believed that the universe is fixed and static since the infinite time
but modern research reveals that the universe has got a beginning and it expands continuously. Russian
physicist Alex Friedmann and Belgian cosmologist Gerorges Lemiatre calculated the expansion speed
and Edwin Hubble observed these data and calculation with the help of telescope, as he found that the
stars and galaxies are constantly moving far away from one another.

Importance of acquiring knowledge of science and technology.

Science is the knowledge from the careful study of the structure and behavior of the physical world,
especially by watching, measuring, and doing experiments and the development of theories. In Islamic
perspective, science can be defined as the study of nature, where it‘s considered to be linked to the
concept of Tawhid (Oneness of Allah), humanity and the world. It is a system of acquiring knowledge
based on observation, experimentation, and methodological naturalism, and human can gain knowledge
by doing research. In fact during the Islamic Golden Age there have even contribution of Islamic scholars
in the field of science, like Al-Khwarizmi invented Algebra. May helped in the spaces of astronomy,
geography, making up Islamic calendars and so on.

The Quran is not a book of science alone. It is a book of signs, science, miracles, history, mysteries and
inspiration. Allah is our first teacher and nature is our first school.

“He (the prophet) was taught by one mighty in power” (Quran 53: 5-6).

“This is the Book (Quran): There is no doubt about it. A perfect guidance for the God-revering, pious,
who keep their duty to God” (Al-Baqarah 2:2).

“We sent the Scripture down to you explaining everything, and as guidance and mercy and good news to
those who devote themselves to Allah” (Surah16: 89).

So we can say Quran gives us the scope to observe, think critically, research, read and write.

“It is only those who have knowledge among Allah's servants who fear Him” (Surah Fatir 28).

“And He has subjected to you whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth—all from Him.
Indeed, that is a sign for people who give thought” (Surah Al-Jathiyah, 45:13).

“Read, O Prophet, in the Name of your Lord Who created humans from a clot. Read! And your Lord is
the Most Generous, Who taught by the pen- taught humanity what they knew not” (Surah Al Alaq, 1-5).

Again it is said, “And if whatever the tree were pens and the sea was ink, refilled thereafter by 7 more
seas, the words of Allah would not be exhausted.”(31:27) So from this verse we can say how much
emphasis Islam has given upon writing with pen or gaining knowledge.

Seeking of knowledge is duty of every Muslim.

Discover the truth, to know more about Allah, about Islam, nature, laws, sectors like science, astronomy,
cosmology, medical health sectors, education, etc.

Make more responsible citizen, ensure overall growth and development of a country.

Challenges for the Muslim world to develop science and how to overcome.

During the Golden age emphasized education in science and technology until they can conquered and
develop their country until Spain, Persia, Asia Minor, Syria, Palestine, Egypt, the whole North Africa and
so on. All these countries had been submitted to the Islamic state and formed new civilization. Science
in Islamic societies already lags far behind the scientific achievements of the west. So we need to find
the reason of our falling behind and the ways to solve it.

Nowadays, there are some restrictions in science culture and science education in Islamic society.
Islamic country usually lack of financial resources and incentives to develop their research and
development (R&D) in science except oil-rich states. Because most of the funding is spent for the wests.
For instance, Japan, Germany, USA spend 2% of their GDP for R&D but Islamic countries even don’t
spend 0.5%. Again, another issue that Islamic nation faced is facing is Brain drain which can be defined
as one-way flow of highly skilled and educated people migrate to another country, specially to the
wests, for a better job, salary, or living condition. Normally human capital from Islamic countries moving
to Western countries because of weak economic conditions, security issues, internal problems, gender
inequality, limited jobs opportunity and so on. Moreover, Islamic society lag on R&D due to the ignorant
behavior of Islamic Ulama towards science and development.

Prominent Islamic scholars also remarked about this issue. Afghani and Syed Sulaiman stated that
“Ulema ignorant of modern knowledge cannot serve the Ummah”.

Allah said, “Verily Allah won’t change the condition of people until they change it themselves with state
of Goodness” (13:11)

Maulana Abul Hasan Nadvi stated, “Muslims forgot their own scientific thinking and followed traditional
knowledge, so they lagged behind the wests and the wests went ahead”

So to overcome this, at first, we need to invest more on science, R&D, increase our funding ratio from
the GDP. We should focus on doing research that can help our economy. Secondly, we have to make the
perfect utilization of our natural resources like oil, gas to develop ourselves. If we can develop ourselves
then the migrants will come back to their own homeland and work for this country.

Most importantly, we have to learn to use Al Qur’an in the best possible manner everywhere in our life.
In the Quran there have been so much advanced knowledge that the scientists haven’t discovered yet.
We should work on that to unveil the mystery of science.

So, Islamic nations need to develop and emphasize their science educations, avoid war among
themselves and stay united, and find a solution to get back into the days of Golden Age.