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1. Descriptive statistics refers to:

a. a process of chemical reaction.

b. an aspect of statistics concerned with tabular, graphical and numerical summaries of data.
c. a process whereby the stars disappear in the sky.
d. a branch of mathematics concerned with solving linear equations.

Questions 2 to 4 are based on the following:

A researcher uses systematic sampling approach to select 15 individuals from her list of
Instagram followers numbered from 1 to 90, to participate in a research study.

2. Which method of sampling will a researcher use to select the first participant?
a. Systematic sampling
b. Stratified sampling
c. Simple random sampling
d. None of the above

3. What sampling interval should a researcher use for the selection of other participants?
a. 8
b. 6
c. 5
d. 4

4. Assume that the sampling interval is 4. If the 88th person is selected first at random as a starting
point, which person will be selected next?
a. 90th person
b. There is no one available for selection after 88th person since we have 90 as the maximum
number.
c. 84th person
d. 2nd person.

Questions 5 and 6 are based on the following:

A scientist uses stratified sampling approach for selection of patients in a hospital ward for his
biomedical research. He divides the patients by age groups as follows:

Age group (years) Number of patients

20 - <35 28
36-<50 36
50 and above 41
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5. The percentage of patients in the ward that are aged 50 and above is:
a. 30%
b. 36%
c. 39%
d. 41%

6. If a stratified sample of size 20 is required, how many residents in the age group 36-<50
should be taken?
a. 5
b. 7
c. 11
d. 9

7. Which of the following is/are not qualitative variable(s)?

i. Body temperature
ii. Blood type of a person
iii. Weight of infant
a. ii and iii
b. ii only
c. i and iii
d. None of them

8. The quality of a new Flu vaccine is rated by different scientists on a scale from very poor to
excellent. Identify the rating data type as either quantitative or qualitative, and the
measurement scale.
a. Qualitative on a nominal scale
b. Quantitative on a ratio scale
c. Qualitative on an ordinal scale
d. Quantitative on an interval scale

Questions 9 to 11 are based on the following:

Examine the following chart or graphical summary for blood type data of a particular group of
people.

Multiple Bar Chart

100000
80000
Number

60000
40000
20000 Females

0 Males
A B AB O
Females 17556 55555 57845 35544
Males 28633 88963 15866 58595
Blood Type
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9. Identify the type of graph.

a. Simple bar graph
b. Multiple bar graph
c. Line graph
d. Pie graph

10. How many individuals of blood type O?

a. 35 544
b. 79 663
c. 58 595
d. 94 139

11. What percentage of females have blood type AB?

a. 12.3%
b. 18.6%
c. 16.1%
d. 14.5%

Questions 12 and 13 are based on the following:

The line graph shows John’s daily average body temperature over a period of 7 days.

John's body temperature

38

36
Temp(◦C)

34

32

30
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Days

12. Which of the following statements is true about John’s body temperature?
a. It remained constant from day 1 to day 2.
b. It increased from day 3 to day 4.
c. It increased from day 2 to day 3.
d. It decreased from day 6 to day 7.

13. The general trend of the graph is:

a. Downward trend
b. Upward trend
c. Constant trend
d. None of the above
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14. Which of the following is/are a sample?

i. Every 5th household in a street with houses numbered from 1 to 50.
ii. The six winning numbers in a lotto draw selected from 49 numbers.
iii. Twenty players selected from PSL for Bafana Bafana squad.

a. ii and iii
b. i only
c. All of them
d. i and ii

15. Which of the following is/are not discrete data?

i. Body temperatures of individuals in a family.
ii. Number of players in each PSL club.
iii. Weights of ten infants at birth.

a. i and ii
b. iii only
c. i and iii
d. None of them

16. According to Sturge’s principle, the frequency distribution summary of data with 98 observations
should have a minimum number of classes equal to:
a. 7
b. 5
c. 6
d. 8

Questions 17 to 21 are based on the following:

Classes frequency Mid-point

7 - 14 3 10.5
15 - 22 8 18.5
23 - 30 11 26.5
31 - 38 13 Y
39 - 46 4 42.5
47 - X 1 50.5

17. The value of X is:

a. 56
b. 61
c. 54
d. 49

18. The value of Y is:

a. 34
b. 34.5
c. 36
d. 35.5
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19. What percentage of values lie below 23?

a. 23.5%
b. 27.5%
c. 34.6%
d. 30.0%

20. The higher clustering of data values occurs towards:

a. the lower end of the scale
b. the upper end of the scale
c. the center of the scale
d. the values are evenly distributed across the scale.

21. The approximate shape of the associated histogram graph is:

a. Positively skewed
b. Negatively skewed
c. Rectangular
d. Symmetric

Questions 22 and 23 are based on the following:

Classes Frequency(f) Midpoint(m) f*m f*m2

5 – 10 3 7.5 22.5 168.75
11 – 16 6 13.5 81 1093.5
17 – 22 13 19.5 253.5 4943.25
23 – 28 12 25.5 306 7803
29 – 34 7 31.5 220.5 6945.75
35 – 40 5 37.5 187.5 7031,25

22. The mean of the data is:

a. 18.6
b. 20.5
c. 23.3
d. 21.0

23. Given ∑ 𝑓𝑚2 − 𝑛𝑥̅ 2 = 3049.83, the standard deviation of the data is:

a. 5.3
b. 6.9
c. 7.4
d. 8.2
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24. Which of the following is/are a measure of central tendency?

i. Mean
ii. Standard deviation
iii. Mode
a. i and ii
b. ii only
c. ii and iii
d. i and iii

25. Of a sample of infants born by a certain age group in a hospital: eight weigh 2.5kg, nine weigh
3.4kg, and seven weigh 2.8kg.
The mean weight of the infants (to 1 decimal place) is:
a. 3.8kg
b. 3.4kg
c. 2.9kg
d. 4.2kg

Questions 26 to 29 are based on the following:

Consider the sample data: 13 17 19 23 28 28 31 36

26. The median of the data is:

a. 28.5
b. 25.5
c. 26.6
d. 23.0

27. The range of the data is:

a. 25
b. 31
c. 23
d. 28

28. The standard deviation of the data is:

a. 5.34
b. 7.74
c. 6.95
d. 8.14

29. The estimate for the 30th percentile is:

a. 19
b. 17
c. 25
d. 27
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30. Given Q1 = 16 and Q3=22 for a particular data. The interval of values for statistical identification
of outliers is:
a. (14; 49)
b. (7; 31)
c. (12;38)
d. (9;34)

31. Consider a sample data:

2.5 4.2 3.3 3.5 4.8 82.0 2.7

A suitable measure of central tendency for this data is:

a. Range
b. Mean
c. Median
d. Mode

32. Given:
Temperature data: 𝑥̅ = 25℃ , 𝑠 = 4.5℃
Height data: 𝑥̅ = 126 𝑐𝑚 , 𝑠 = 8.4 𝑐𝑚
State with a reason, which data set has a greater degree of variation or spread?
a. Height data, has a greater standard deviation.
b. They have the same variation.
c. Impossible to determine.
d. Temperature data, has a greater coefficient of variation.

33. Which of the following can be used as a measure of central tendency for a soccer results data of
type ‘Win’ or ‘Lose’ or ‘Draw’?
a. Standard deviation
b. Mode
c. Mean
d. Range

34. Which of the following data sets has a zero variance?

i. 2.3 2.1 1.3 2.3 1.8

ii. 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1
iii. -2 -1.5 0 1.5 2
a. i only
b. ii and iii
c. ii only
d. i and iii
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35. Consider a bivariate data with correlation coefficient equal to -0.09. Choose the correct
statement:
a. There is a strong positive correlation between the two quantities.
b. There is a strong negative correlation between the two quantities.
c. There is a weak positive correlation between the two quantities.
d. There is a weak negative correlation between the two quantities.

Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following:

A food researcher wants to determine if there is a relationship between BMI (dependent)

and waist measurements (independent). The measurements for 8 randomly selected
females are given in the table below.

BMI (kg/m2) : Y Waist (cm) : X

38.2 111.8
18.7 63.4
22.7 80.3
22.8 90.7
28.4 97.2
25.4 81.8
25.3 90.4
30.4 94.9

36. The correlation coefficient is:

a. 0.91
b. 0.86
c. 0.78
d. 0.97

37. Assume that the coefficient of determination is 0.81. Choose the correct statement:
a. 81% of variation in X is explained by its linear relationship with Y.
b. 19% of variation in X is explained by its linear relationship with Y.
c. 81% of variation in Y is explained by its linear relationship with X.
d. 19% of variation in Y is explained by its linear relationship with X.

38. The slope value of the least squares regression line is:
a. 0.25
b. 1.56
c. 1.08
d. 0.38

39. The y-intercept of the least squares regression line is:

a. 6.8
b. -7.4
c. 5.9
d. 8.1
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40. Assume that the least squares regression line is 𝑌 = 0.4𝑋 − 7.5. Estimate the BMI for a
waist measurement of 85cm.
a. 27.7
b. 25.1
c. 26.5
d. 23.4