Nautical Flags

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Marine Rescue Port Jackson Guide – Flags

Nautical Flags
Nautical flags are an international code system used for two ships to signal to each other or for a ship to
signal to shore.
At sea, only a few flag colours are easily recognized, these are: red, blue, yellow, black, and white.
Nautical flags are made up of

 26 square flags, representing the letters of the alphabet,


 10 numbered pendants,
 one answering pendant and
 three substitutes’ pendants.
The flags can be used alone or in combination with another flag.

 Two-flag signals are used mostly for distress and manoeuvring.


 Three-flag signals are for points of the compass, relative bearings, standard times, and general code
and decode signals.
 Four-flags are used for geographical signals, names of ships or bearings.
 Five-flag signals are used to relate time and position.
There are also flags used in nautical racing which signal to the competitors what they are supposed to do.

Signal flags and meanings

A Diver down, keep well clear at a slow speed


Alpha

B Taking in, discharging or carrying dangerous


goods.
Bravo As observed on refuelling vessels

C Affirmative or YES
Charlie
Marine Rescue Port Jackson Guide – Flags

D Keep clear, I’m manoeuvring with difficulty


The sound signal one long two short (Morse code for “D”) is
Delta sounded by vessel that are RAM, NUC, constrained by
draught, sailing, fishing, trawling or towing

E I am altering course to STARBOARD


Echo

F I am disabled, please communicate with me


Foxtrot

G I Require a pilot
Golf

H I have a pilot on board


Hotel

I I am altering course to PORT


India

J I am on fire, dangerous cargo, keep well


Juliet clear
Marine Rescue Port Jackson Guide – Flags

K I wish to communicate with you


Kilo

L You should stop your vessel instantly


Lima

M My vessel is stopped
Mike

N Negative or NO
November

O Man Overboard
Oscar

P Recall – all persons to return on board –


Papa about to sail

Q Vessel is healthy – request free pratique


Quebec
Marine Rescue Port Jackson Guide – Flags

R No meaning when used alone


Romeo

S My engines are going full astern


Sierra

T Keep clear of me, I am engaged in trawling


Tango operations

U You are running in to danger


Uniform

V I require assistance
Victor

W I require medical assistance


Whiskey

X Stop carrying out your intentions and watch


X-ray for my signals
Marine Rescue Port Jackson Guide – Flags

Y I am dragging my anchor
Yankee

Z I require a tug
Zulu

0 1 2
Nadazero Unaone Bissotwo

3 4 5
Terathree Kartefour Pentafive

6 7 8
Soxisix Setteseven Oktoeight

9
Novenine Answer

R1 R2 R3
Replacement 1 Replacement 2 Replacement 3
Marine Rescue Port Jackson Guide – Flags

Combinations and meaning


There are many common combinations in use. Here are some of the most common and their meanings.

N-November R-Romeo
Over Over
C-Charlie Y-Yankee
This is a Proceed slowly
symbol of when passing me
distress. Often seen on
(“yes” and “no”, I marinas or vessels
am confused – I requiring no wash
need help!) from other vessels

Other common combinations:

AC I am abandoning my vessel PD Your navigation lights are not visible

AN I need a doctor PP Keep well clear of me

BR I require a helicopter QD I am going ahead

CD I require immediate assistance QT I am going astern

DV I am drifting QQ I require health clearance

EF SOS / Mayday cancelled QU Anchoring is prohibited

FA Will you give me my position QX I request permission to anchor


Keep clear of me, I am manoeuvring with
GW MOB, please take action to collect person RU difficulty
You are running the risk of running Permission to enter harbour, I have an
JL aground UP emergency

LO I am not in my correct position ZL Signal received but NOT understood


Marine Rescue Port Jackson Guide – Flags

Not a ‘flag’ but you should know


Although not considered a flag, the V sheet is a local distress symbol. The V sheet is only used in Australian
waterways. The V sheet can be displayed on a vessel, even if it is overturned in the water and draped across
the hull to indicate to aircraft or other vessels that your vessel is in distress.

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