**************************----Java 12 and 13 Batch ----

*********************

(Immutable)
1.String Class :- The Group of Characters
-------------

char[] arr = {'a','b','c','d','e',};

1.String Literals/class-- SCP --- Create obj Default by JVM

2.Using New Keyword--- Heap-- own create obj here

Ex:-

package jangPackage;

public class firstClass {

public static void main(String[] args) {

// char[] arr = {'a','b','c','d','e',};

//String s=String.valueOf(arr);
//System.out.println(s);

// String s1 = "Vikas";
// String s2 = "Chaudhari";
// String s3 = "Vikas";
// System.out.println(s1+" "+s2+" "+s3);

String ss= new String("Vikas Chaudhari");

System.out.println(ss);
}

Ex:

package jangPackage;

public class firstClass {

public static void main(String[] args) {

String s1 = "Vitas";
String s2 = "Chaudhari ";
String s3= "";
System.out.println(s1+" "+s2);
System.out.println(s1.length());
System.out.println(s1.toUpperCase());
System.out.println(s1.toLowerCase());
System.out.println(s1.replace('t', 'k'));
System.out.println(s2);
System.out.println(s2.trim());
 System.out.println(s2.charAt(4));
System.out.println(s1.concat(s2));
System.out.println(s3.isEmpty()); // Boolean
System.out.println(s3.isBlank());
System.out.println(s1.startsWith(s3));
}

(Mutable)
2. StringBuffer:-

3.StringBuilder:-

Java. Lang Package -----

1. Object Class -- 11 methods

2. toString Method

Parent B
Child A

class A extends B { class A { }

# Methods In Object Class:- 11 methods

----------------------

1. toString() -- This method returns a string representation of the object.

Public String toString();

2. hashcode() -- A Unique id that is Assigned to an Object called hashCode.

public int hashCode();

HashTable
HashMap
HashSet

1) Liner Search: O(n)

2) Binary Search: O (log2 O) --- two elements compare at a time

3) hashing Algorithm:- O(1)

3) .equal():- Referance Comparision In Your Object Class Method

We can used this method to check the equality of an object.

public boolean equals(Object o);
 5.finalize():-
Called by GC on an object when garbage collection determine that there
are no reference
to the object.

Protected void finalized() throw throwable

4. clone():- Creates And Returns acopy of this Object.

protected object clone () throws CloneNotSupportedException

Ex:-
package javaLangPckg;

public class Employee implements Cloneable{

int id;
String name ;

public int getId() {

return id;
}

public void setId(int id) {

this.id = id;
}

public String getName() {

return name;
}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;
}

public Employee(int id, String name) {

super();
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
}

@Override
public String toString() {
return "Employee [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + "]";
}

public static void main(String[] args) throws CloneNotSupportedException {

Employee emp1=new Employee(12,"Vikas Chaudhari");

Employee emp2 =(Employee) emp1.clone();

System.out.println("Emp1:"+emp1.getId()+" ,"+emp1.getName());
System.out.println("Emp2:"+emp2.getId()+" ,"+emp2.getName());
}
}
 6. getClass():- Return the runtime class of this object. The returned Class object
is the object
that is locked by static synchronized methods of the represented
class.

public final Class<>getClass();

7. wait()
8. wait(long ms)
9. wait(lon ms, int ns )
10.notify()
11.NotifyAll()

Ex:-

package javaLangPckg;

public class Student {

String name ;
int rollno;

public String getName() {

return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getRollno() {
return rollno;
}
public void setRollno(int rollno) {
this.rollno = rollno;
}
public Student(String name, int rollno) {
super();
this.name = name;
this.rollno = rollno;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Student [name=" + name + ", rollno=" + rollno + "]";
}

@Override
public boolean equals(Object obj) {
Student st=(Student) obj;
try {
if(name.equals(st.getName()) && rollno == st.getRollno())
return true;
else
return false;
}catch(Exception e){
return false;
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
 Student st1=new Student("Vikas", 2);
Student st2=new Student("Vikas", 2);
boolean flag =st2.equals(st1);
System.err.println(flag);

System.out.println(st1.getClass().getName());
}

===================================================================================
=============

Singletone Class/ Design Pattern:-

================================

The Class having Only Instance / Object and this

object used repetatively.

How to create Singletone Class :-

1) Private Contructor
2) Factory Method
3) private Static Variable

package com.singletone;

public class Samosa {

private static Samosa samosa;

private Samosa() {

public static Samosa getSamosa() { // factory method

//object of this class

synchronized(Samosa.class) {
if(samosa == null) {
samosa =new Samosa();
}
}

return samosa;

}
}

package com.singletone;
public class Example {

public static void main(String[] args) {

System.out.println(Samosa.getSamosa().hashCode());
System.out.println(Samosa.getSamosa().hashCode());
}