ANDERSON SERANGOON JUNIOR COLLEGE

JC2 Preliminary Examination 2022

Higher 2

FURTHER MATHEMATICS 9649/02

Paper 2 14 September 2022 (Wednesday), 8 – 11 am
3 hours
Additional Materials: List of Formulae (MF26)

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front cover of the booklet. If you need additional answer paper ask the invigilator for a continuation
booklet.

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Answer all the questions.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place in the case of
angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
You are expected to use an approved graphing calculator.
Unsupported answers from a graphing calculator are allowed unless a question specifically states
otherwise.
Where unsupported answers from a graphing calculator are not allowed in a question, you are
required to present the mathematical steps using mathematical notations and not calculator
commands.
You are reminded of the need for clear presentation in your answers.

The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

This document consists of 6 printed pages and 2 blank pages.

Anderson Serangoon Junior College

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Section A: Pure Mathematics [50 marks]

1
dx
The function x = x(t ) satisfies
dt
( )
= 6cos t x , where x(0) = 3 . The value of x(h) is to be determined,
where h is a small positive number.
(i) Use one step of the Improved Euler formula to find an approximation of x(h) in terms of h. [2]

(ii) Show using series expansion and integration that an alternative approximation of x(h) is
3

( h

0
3

)
3e − h 1 + 2 et dt and write down its series expansion up to and including the term in h3 . [4]

2 The matrices A, B and C are given by

 3 1 
0 1    1 3
2 2 ,
A= , B= C= .
1 0  1 3  0 1
− 
 2 2 
(i) Describe fully the geometrical transformation in the x-y plane represented by each of A, B and C.
[3]

(ii) A point P is transformed by the matrix Cn , where n is a positive integer, to a point with coordinates
( x, y ) . Express the coordinates of P in terms of x, y and n. [2]

A polygon E1 in the x-y plane is transformed by the matrix CBA onto a polygon E2 .

(iii) Explain the relationship between the areas of E1 and E2 . [1]

(iv) Find the equations of the invariant lines, passing through the origin, of the transformation
represented by CBA, giving your answers correct to 4 significant figures. [4]

3 A parabola has parametric equations x = pt 2 , y = 2 pt , where p  0 .

(i) Prove that the locus of the point of intersection of perpendicular tangents is the directrix of the
parabola. [4]

An ellipse has cartesian equation 2x 2 + y 2 = m , where m  0 .

(ii) Find the eccentricity of the ellipse and the equations of its directrices in terms of m. [3]
The normal to the parabola at a point P with parameter t1 intersects the ellipse at two distinct points A
and B.
(iii) Show that the midpoint of AB is P. [4]
(iv) By taking limits, explain how it can be deduced that the two conics meet at right angles. [1]

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4 The curve C has parametric equations
2 2 1 3
x = t 3 + 3t + , y = − t 3 + 4t − , t  , 1 t  3.
3 t 2 2t
(i) Find the exact length of C . [5]
1
The parabola y 2 = x intersects C at a point with parameter p, where 2  p  3 .
2
(ii) Form an equation involving p and apply linear interpolation once to find an approximate value of
p. [3]

5 A further mathematics teacher has tasked his students to use a numerical method to approximate the two
roots of the equation ln x − x + 1 +  = 0 , where  is a small positive value.
(a) One student coded a program that performs fixed-point iteration. The algorithm is as follows:
• Set the initial value as x0 .
• Start iteration for n = 1, 2, 3, as follows:
Compute the next approximation xn using fixed-point iteration formula.

Round off xn −1 and xn to the nearest 2 decimal places.

Output the rounded value of xn on the screen.

If the rounded values of xn −1 and xn are equal, stop further iterations.

If the rounded values are different, continue to the next iteration.

This student decides to use the iterative formula xn+1 = F( xn ) , where F( x) = 1 +  + ln x .

Consider the case where  = 0.1 .
(i) If x0 is set as 1.4, write down the output of his program. Show that the program has failed to
achieve the accuracy of the larger root correct to 2 decimal places and explain the reason for
failure. [4]
(ii) Find the range of values of x0 for which the program can compute x1 , but will run into an
error computing x2 . [2]
(iii) State an iterative formula that can enable the student to obtain an approximation of the smaller
root using his program with an initial value of x0 = 0.5 . [1]

(b) Another student chooses to use Newton-Raphson method instead.

(i) Using an initial value of x0 = 1 +  , show that the first iteration of the method produces an
3
approximation x1  2 +  + a 2 + b 3 , where a and b are constants to be determined. [3]
2
(ii) Find the set of values of x0 (in terms of  ) such that Newton-Raphson method will fail to
converge to either one of the roots. [4]

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Section B: Probability and Statistics [50 marks]

6 Peter has been trying a new route to work in the mornings. He collects a large random sample of the
travelling time, in minutes, and calculates a 95% confidence interval for the population mean time by
this route. The confidence interval is (45.369, 47.231) and the sample variance is 20.3.
(i) Explain what is meant by a 95% confidence interval for a population mean. [1]
(ii) Calculate the sample mean and the sample size. [4]
(iii) Briefly describe one advantage and one disadvantage of having a 99% confidence interval instead
of a 95% confidence interval. [2]

7 Each of the continuous random variables T, U, V, W, X, Y and Z takes values between 0 and 1 only. Their
probability density functions are sketched in Figures 1 to 7 respectively.

(a) (i) Which of the random variables has the largest median? [1]
(ii) Which of the random variables has the largest standard deviation? Explain your answer. [2]

(b) The probability density function of a continuous random variable S is given by

3
 s 0  s  1,
f (s) = 2
0 otherwise.
1
The random variable R is given by R = .
S
(i) Find the (cumulative) distribution function of S. [1]

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(ii) Find the probability density function of R. [5]
8 A market researcher conducts an ‘on-street’ survey in a busy city centre, for which he has to interview
a total of 100 people. For each interview, he keeps track of the number of people he had to ask until
someone agrees to be interviewed. The data collected are as follows.

No. of people asked 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 or more

Frequency 26 19 17 13 11 8 6

A model for these data assumes that the probability p that a person asked agrees to be interviewed is a
constant and the event that a person agreeing to be interviewed is independent of the event of another
person agreeing to be interviewed.
(i) Initially it was thought that on average 1 in 4 people asked agree to be interviewed. Test at the 10%
level of significance whether it is reasonable to assume that the model applies with p = 0.25. [8]
(ii) Later an estimate of p obtained from the data is used in the analysis. The value of the test statistic
(with no combining of cells) is found to be 9.124. What is the outcome of this new test? [2]

9 A recent medical study stated that the average number of patients an emergency doctor in a hospital sees
per year is 8960.
(i) State the conditions under which the number of patients arriving at the emergency department per
year can be well modelled by a Poisson distribution. [2]

You should now consider that these conditions hold.

It is given that an emergency doctor works 10 hours on average a day and 320 days a year.
(ii) Calculate the probability that, in a randomly chosen hour, an emergency doctor sees 4 patients.
[2]
A patient may be discharged or admitted to the hospital after consultation with the emergency doctor.
The number of emergency admissions each day to the hospital is found to follow a Poisson distribution
with mean 2.
(iii) Calculate the probability that there will be a total of three admissions during a period of two
consecutive days. [1]
(iv) What is the least number of beds that should be available at the beginning of a day for the hospital
to be at least 95% sure of coping with the demand for beds on that day? [2]
(v) To prevent overcrowding at emergency department, the hospital implemented a ‘3-hour rule’,
demanding that all emergency department patients must be seen and discharged or admitted within
3 hours of their arrival, but a consumer group believes the true figure to be higher than this.
In order to check this, a random sample of 60 patients were contacted and asked to report the time
it took for them to be seen and discharged or admitted. A sign test is then carried out by the
consumer group, using a 1% level of significance. Suppose that k patients reported a time of more
than 3 hours.
State the null and alternative hypothesis for this test. Determine the possible values of k if the null
hypothesis is rejected. [5]

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10 (a) At a waste disposal station, two methods for incinerating some of the rubbish are being
compared. Of interest is the concentration of particulates in the exhaust, which can be measured
over the working day. Measurements are made for method A in a random sample of 10 working
days and for method B on a separate random sample of 7 working days, with results in the table.

Sample Sum of concentration of Sum of squares of concentration

size particulates of particulates

Method A 10 1262 159945.64

Method B 7 937.3 126162.95

Carry out an appropriate test at the 10% level of significance to examine whether either method is
better than the other in resulting, on the whole, in a lower concentration of particulates. State the
assumptions you have made in carrying out the test. [8]

(b) The company’s statistician criticises the design of the trial in part (a) on the grounds that it is not
paired. A new trial is set up with a paired design, measuring the concentrations of particulates on
a random sample of 9 paired occasions.

Pair 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Method A 119.6 127.6 141.3 139.5 141.3 124.1 116.6 136.2 128.8

Method B 112.2 128.8 130.2 134.0 135.1 120.4 116.9 134.4 125.2

(i) Give one argument the statistician would have used in support of the paired design. [1]
(ii) State the underlying distributional assumption that is needed in the paired design. [1]
(iii) Name a test that could be used if the underlying distributional assumption cannot be made,
and write down the null and alternative hypotheses for this test. [2]

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