Physics

Work Book

LEVEL VII
 Contents

S.No Topic Remarks Sign

UNIT 1 : GENERAL PHYSICS

1.1 Motion

1.2 Density

1.3 Pressure

UNIT 2 : THERMAL PHYSICS

2.1 Thermal expansion

2.2 Thermal processes

UNIT 3 : WAVES

3.1 Light

3.2 Sound

UNIT 4 : ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM

4.1 Magnetism

4.2 Electricity

UNIT 5 : ATOMIC PHYSICS

5.1 Atomic structure

Sample Summative assessment

 1.GENERAL PHYSICS

1.1 Motion

1. Fill in the blank spaces, by choosing the correct words from the list given below :
List : rotatory, rectilinear, translation, curvilinear, vibratory, oscillatory, motion, velocity, periodic,
acceleration, decreases

(i) A freely falling stone describes a ................................. motion.

(ii) An athlete running around a traffic roundabout, describes a ................................. motion.
(iii) The wheel of a moving bike describes a ................................. motion and the motion of
................................. .
(iv) The motion described by the needle of a sewing machine is ................................. motion.
(v) The motion which repeats itself after a fixed interval of time is called .................................
motion.
(vi) The motion produced in stringed instruments, is a ................................. motion.
(vii) The rate of change of ................................. is called speed.
(viii) The rate of change of motion in a specified direction is called .......................... .
(ix) The ................................. due to gravity is 9.8 ms–2.
(x) The time period of a simple pendulum ................................., with the decrease in
its length.

2. Statements given below are incorrect. Write the correct statements..

(i) The motion described by a boy on a swing is vibratory motion.

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(ii) The time taken by a pendulum to complete one vibration, is called time period.

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(iii) A car going around a curved path describes the rotatory motion.

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(iv) The motion described by the string of a violin is oscillatory motion.

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(v) The rate of change of motion is called velocity.

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(vi) The heart of a person (at rest) describes a non-periodic motion.

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(vii) The time period of a second’s pendulum is one second.

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3. Write ‘T’ for true and ‘F’ for false in front of the following statements :

(i) The motion of an electric fan is circular motion. ..........................

(ii) The motion of earth around the sun is non-periodic motion. ..........................

(iii) The average acceleration due to gravity is 8.9 ms–2. ..........................

(iv) The unit of speed and velocity are same in SI system. ..........................

(v) The wire of a violin describes an oscillatory motion. ..........................

(vi) A body moving along a circular path at uniform speed is moving with uniform velocity

..........................

4. Find the odd one out. Give a reason for your choice.

(i) amplitude, frequency, time period, velocity.

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(ii) falling stone, a car running on straight road, a revolving fan, an aeroplane heading towards east.

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(iii) weight, speed, velocity, acceleration

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5. Define motion

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6. Define the following and support your answer with one example, in each case.
(i) Translatory motion

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(ii) Rectilinear motion

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(iii) Curvilinear motion

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(iv) Rotatory motion

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(v) Oscillatory motion

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(vi) Vibratory motion

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(vii) Periodic motion

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(viii) Non-periodic motion

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7. Define the following :

(a) Speed

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(b) Uniform speed

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(c) Variable speed

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(ii) State the formula for calculating speed.

(iii) State the SI unit of speed.....................................................

8. (i) Define the following :
(a) Velocity

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(b) Average velocity

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(ii) How does velocity differs from speed?

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9. A boy runs a distance of 500 m in 1 min and 15 s. What is the speed of the boy?

10. An aeroplane takes off from a runway by covering 1200 m in 90 s. What is the average
speed of the aeroplane?

11. A cyclist is driving at a speed of 12 ms–1. In how much time, will he cover a distance
of 900 m?

12. A train is running at a speed of 90 km/h. In how much time, will it cross two stations
7.5 km apart?

13. A car is moving with a uniform speed of 54 km h–1. How much distance will the car
cover in 10 minutes?

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 1.2 Density
Tick (✔) the most appropriate answer.
1. The SI unit of density is
(a) g/m3 (b) kg/m3 (c) g/cm3 (d) kg/cm3
2. The density of aluminium is 2.7 g/cm3. Its density in kg/m3 is
(a) 27 kg/m3 (b) 2700 kg/m3 (c) 270 kg/m3 (d) 27000 kg/m3
3. To determine the density of a solid, we have to determine its
(a) mass and area (b) weight and area
(c) mass and volume (d) weight and volume
4. When a fluid is heated, it expands and becomes
(a) lighter (b) heavier (c) no change (d) none of these
5. A body of density 5.34 g/cm3 in water (density 1.0 g/cm3) will
(a) float (b) sink (c) rise (d) none of these
6. When a substance is heated its density
(a) increases (b) decreases (c) remains same (d) none of these
7. The SI unit of mass is
(a) milligram (b) kilogram (c) gram (d) quintal
8. The density of a body is represented by the expression
(a) D = V/M (b) D= M x V (c) D = 1/M x V (d) D = M/V
9. The density of wood is 0.65 gcm–3 in CGS system. Its density in SI system is
(a) 65 kgm–3 (b) 6.5 kgcm–3 (c) 650 kgm–3 (d) 0.65 kgm–3
10. The SI unit of weight is
(a) kg (b) newton (c) newton-metre (d) km
Find the odd-one out. Give reasons for your choice.

1. Beam balance, spring balance, physical balance.

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2. g/cm3, kg/m3, g/m3

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 3. Weight, spring balance, newton, kilogram

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Answer these questions.

1. Define density. Write its SI unit.

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2. A piece of wood of mass 160 g has a volume of 200 cm3. Find the density of wood.

3. A block of metal of dimensions 4 cm, 5 cm and 25 cm has a mass of 1.280 kg. Find the
density of the block in kg/m3

4. Calculate the volume of wood of mass 200 kg when the density of wood is 800 kg/m3.

5. The volume of a metal cube is 125 cm3. If the density of the metal is 13.6 g/cm3, find the
mass of the metal in kilograms.

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 6. Calculate the density of a solid from the following data.
(a) mass of solid = 75.8 g
(b) initial volume of water in measuring cylinder = 24 cm3.
(c) final volume of water + solid in measuring cylinder = 42 cm3

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 1.3 Pressure

Fill in the blank spaces by choosing the correct words from the list given below :
List : pascal, area of cross-section, increases, decreases, thrust, pressure.
1. ............................ is the ............................ per unit area.
2. The unit of pressure in SI system, is ............................... .
3. With the increase in area of cross-section, the magnitude of pressure on a given
area ......................................
4. When the cutting edge of a knife is sharpened, with the decrease in .................................., its
pressure .........................…

Fill in the blank spaces by choosing the correct words from the list given below :
List : pascal, area of cross-section, increases, decreases, thrust, pressure.
1. ............................ is the ............................ per unit area.
2. The unit of pressure in SI system, is ............................... .
3. With the increase in area of cross-section, the magnitude of pressure on a given
area ......................................
4. When the cutting edge of a knife is sharpened, with the decrease in .................................., its
pressure .........................…

Tick ( ✔ ) the most appropriate answer

1. One pascal is the pressure produced by a force of :
(a) 1 N on 1 cm2 (b) 1 N on 1 m2
(c) 1 N on 100 cm2 (d) 1 kg on 1 m2
2. When the area of contact increases, the pressure :
(a) increases (b) decreases
(c) remains same (d) none of these
3. When the weight of an object increases, its pressure on ground
(a) decreases (b) increases
(c) remains same (d) none of these
4. (i) What do you understand by the term “pressure”?

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(ii) Name the SI unit of pressure.

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(iii) Define SI unit of pressure.

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5. Why double tyres are provided at the rear of a bus?

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6. Why can a camel easily cross desert?

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7. Why do the horses or donkeys find difficult to cross a desert?

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8. Why do the skiers use long skies, while gliding over fresh snow?

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9. Why the foundation of hydroelectric dam is kept very wide?

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10. Why is the cutting edge of an axe often sharpened?

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 11. Why is it difficult to hammer a blunt nail in wood?

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12. Why is the one end of drawing board pin is kept wide and flat and the other end very narrow
and sharp?

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13. The weight of a body is 600 N and area of cross-section 50 cm2. Calculate the pressure
in pascals.

14. A force of 20 N acts on an area of 5 cm2. What is the pressure in pascals produced?

15. What magnitude of force, acting on an area of cross-section of 0.04 m2 will produce a
pressure of 8000 Pa?

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 16. A body of area of cross-section 1250 cm2 produces a pressure of 50,000 Pa. Calculate the
force acting on the above area of cross-section.

17. What is the area of cross-section of a body in m2, if a force of 500 N, produces a pressure of
125 Pa?

18. A pressure of 16,000 Pa acts on a surface when the force acting is 400 N. Calculate the
area of cross-section of the surface.

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2. By drawing a diagram of the molecules, describe to show that the solids expand on heating

3. Explain the following :

(i) Why are girders of the bridges mounted on rollers?

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(ii) Why are electric transmission wires stretched tightly, when they are laid in winter season?

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(iii) Why is cement floor laid in small slabs leaving a small space, rather than a complete block?

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(iv) Why is the iron rim heated to red hot, before mounting it on a wooden wheel?

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(v) Why does a thick glass tumbler crack when melting ice is placed in it?

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(vi) Why does glassware made from borosil glass not crack, when heated directly on flame?

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(vii) Why are small gaps left behind walls while mounting girder on them?

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(viii) Why are tiny gaps left in between rails on a railway line?

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 2.2 Thermal Processes
1. Complete the following sentence.
“The temperature of a body rises when the .............................................. energy of its molecules is
increased.”

2.(a) Some students are asked to write down what they know about evaporation of a liquid. Here are
their statements, some of which are correct and some incorrect. Put a tick alongside those
statements which are correct.

(b) Sometimes after shaving, men splash a liquid, called an aftershave, over their faces. This makes
their faces feel fresher as the aftershave evaporates.
(i) Which of the statements in part
(a) explains why the aftershave, even though it is at room temperature, cools the skin.
Statement …...............
(ii) Suggest why the aftershave cools the skin better than water at room temperature.
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3. Explain why saucepans are much more common with plastic handles than metal handles.
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4.

5. An iron bar is held with one end in a fire. The other end soon becomes too hot to hold.

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How has the heat travelled along the iron bar?
A by conduction
B by convection
C by expansion
D by radiation

6. The diagram shows a cooling unit in a refrigerator.

Why is the cooling unit placed at the top?

A Cold air falls and warm air is displaced upwards.
B Cold air is a bad conductor so heat is not conducted into the refrigerator.
C Cold air is a good conductor so heat is conducted out of the refrigerator.
D Cold air stops at the top and so prevents convection.

7. In terms of the particle arrangements of solids and liquids explain why convection CANNOT
occur in solids.
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8. What effect would decreasing the surface area of a liquid have on its rate of evaporation?
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9. Define conduction:

Define convection:

Define radiation:

10. Identify the method of heat transfer that takes place in each illustration. Some illustrations may
show more than one form of heat transfer

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11. In each of the following situations, identify the method of heat transfer taking place
(conduction, convection, radiation). More than one process may be occurring.
(i) Hot coffee is stirred with a spoon, the spoon gets hot due to _______________.
(ii) A chair is placed several feet from a fire in a fireplace. The fireplace has a glass screen. The side
of the chair facing the fireplace gets warm because of_______________.
(iii) A certain type of decorative lamp contains colored liquids. These liquids form globs that break
off and rise to the top of the liquid. The globs rise due to _______________.
(iv) Near the ceiling of a room the air is warmer. The warm air rises because of _______________.
(v) A college student holds the back of his hand near an iron to see if it is hot. Heat is transferred to
his hand by _______________.
(vi) A heater is placed under one corner of a water bed mattress. Warm water moves throughout the
mattress because of _______________.
(vii) A certain type of stainless steel cookware has a layer of copper applied to the bottom to help it
heat evenly. The copper transfers heat to the pan by _______________.
(viii) In a swimming pool, the water near the surface is slightly warmer. The warm water rises
because of _______________.
(ix) One end of a copper rod is placed in a flame of a Bunsen burner. Small pieces of wax placed
along the rod melt at progressively larger distance from the flame. Heat is transferred through the
rod by _______________.
(x) Warm air over the beach rises while cooler dense air from the ocean rushes in due to
_______________.

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 3.WAVES
3.1 Light
1. A plane mirror is on a wall. Which is a correct description of the image formed by the mirror?
A the right way up and smaller than the object
B the right way up and the same size as the object
C upside down and smaller than the object
D upside down and the same size as the object .

2. State the laws of reflection of light

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3. A girl writes the word LEFT on a piece of card.

She looks at the image of this card, made by reflection by a plane mirror.
(i) Draw/Write in the box What does she see?

(ii) What is the name of the above formed image. Give reasons.
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4. Label the parts of the following diagram.

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5. This question is about the reflection of light.
(a) Light reflects from a plane mirror.
(i) Use words from the box to complete the sentence below.

When light reflects from the surface of a plane mirror, the angle
of incidence is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the angle of
reflection.
(ii) The diagram shows ray of light coming from an object. Continue the ray and add further lines
to the diagram to show how reflection occurs in a plane mirror.

6. Look into the image. Explain the wave property.

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7. Distinguish between the following :
Luminous Object Non Luminous object

Real Image Virtual Image

Reflection of light Refraction of light

8. This diagram shows a ray of light passing through a glass block.

(a) The light that enters the block changes direction. What is this process called?
(b) What causes the light ray to change the direction?
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(c) Give an example of
(i) Transparent material .......................................
(ii) Translucent material .......................................
(iii) Opaque material .......................................

(d) .................................. are formed when the rays of light is blocked by an opaque object.

9. Lily, Mia and Safia mix different colored lights. They use light of the same intensity.

(a) Complete the sentences. Choose from the following words.

black cyan green magenta white yellow
(i) When Lily’s torch light overlaps with Mia’s torch light, ............................... light is produced.
(ii) When Safia’s torch light overlaps with Lily’s torch light, .............................light is produced.
(iii) When all three torch lights overlap, ............................. light is produced.

(b) Lily switches off her torch light. What happens to the color of light at X?
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10. (i) Put the following in the correct order to show how shadows are formed
Object Shadow Lamp
Correct sequence :
(ii) Explain how shadows are formed.
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(iii) When would the shadow be smallest ?
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(iv) When would the shadow be largest ?
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(v) A larger light source gives a shadow with a dark central region and a lighter shadow surrounding
it. Name the two regions.
Dark region : …..........................
Lighter region : ….......................

11. How rainbows are formed ?

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12. We do see lighting first then hear the thunder sound. Why is it so?
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13. Define the terms :

(i) Spectrum

(ii) Dispersion

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 3.2 Sound
1. What happens to sound wave when its:
(i) Amplitude increases : ____________________
(ii) Frequency decreases :____________________

2. Figure shows a loudspeaker cone oscillating to produce sound waves.

(a) As the sound wave passes a point, it produces regions of higher and lower pressure. State
the names of these regions.
higher pressure ..........................................................
lower pressure .......................................................…

(b) State the effect on the loudness and pitch of the sound from the loudspeaker when
(i) the amplitude increases but the frequency of the sound stays the same.
loudness ............................................................................................................................
pitch ..................................................................................................................................
(ii) the amplitude stays the same but the frequency increases.
Loudness ............................................................................................................................
pitch .............................................................................................................................…

3. Describe an experiment to explain that sound cannot travel in vacuum.

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4. Differentiate the following :
Low pitch sound High Pitch sound

Frequency Wavelength

Amplitude Time period

5. How bats can locate objects in the dark?

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6. In which medium sound travels the fastest? Why?
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7. Loudness is measured in decibels. The table below shows the loudness of some sounds.

(a) Very loud sounds can damage a person's ears. In what way can the ears be damaged?
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(b) Some people work in very noisy places. How can they protect their ears?
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8. Figure shows the position of layers of air, at one moment, as a sound wave of constant
frequency passes through the air. Compressions are labelled C. Rarefactions are labelled R.

i) State how Figure would change if.

1) the sound had a higher frequency,

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2) the sound were louder.
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(ii) On Figure, draw a line marked with arrows at each end to show the wavelength of the sound.

9. A microphone is connected to an oscilloscope to display a sound wave. The diagram shows the
trace on the oscilloscope screen.

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a) (i) How many time periods are shown on the trace?
…..........................................................................................................................................................
(ii) What is the frequency of the sound wave?
…..........................................................................................................................................................
(b) On the grid below, sketch the trace of a sound wave with a smaller amplitude and a higher
frequency than the wave shown by the dotted line.

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 4. ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM
4.1 Magnetism

1. Two bar magnets are broken into pieces as shown in two figs. (a) and (b).

(a) Write the poles of face 1 and 2 in fig.(a)

(b) Write the poles of face 1,2,3 and 4 in fig. (b)

2. Two bar magnets are broken into pieces as shown in two figs. (a) and (b). Look carefully at the
Fig (a) and (b) and answer the following questions:

(a) If you bring iron clips near one end of iron rod in Fig (a), what will happen
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(b) What will happen if the number of coils on an iron rod is increased in fig.(a)?
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(c) If you use three cells, instead of one, as shown in Fig.(b), what change will you observe?
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(d) If there is no cell connected to the coil, what will happen?
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(e) What is this device called as shown in Fig.(a) and Fig.(b)? [2]

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3. What does the picture indicate? What happens when you place magnetic materials near this?

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4. How could a paper clip able to attract the other paper clips? What is the name of this process?
Explain.

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5. Label the parts and explain how an electric bell works.

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6. State whether attraction or repulsion will be produced when

a. North pole is brought near to another north pole ________________________
b. North pole is brought near to south pole _____________________________

7. Give reasons for the following :

a) Artificial magnets are used more than natural magnets.

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b) The iron fillings mostly cling near the two poles of a magnet
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8. (a) Chloe makes an electromagnet by coiling a length of wire around a pencil. What must she do
to make it work ?

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(b) (I) Chloe is given some paper clips and asked to test the strength of her electromagnet.
How could she do this ?

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(ii) State two ways in which Chloe could increase the strength of her electromagnet.

1. ............................................................................................................................................................
2. ............................................................................................................................................................

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 4.2 Electricity

1. Two neutral conducting pop cans are touching each other. A positively charged balloon is brought
near one of the cans as shown below. The cans are separated while the balloon is nearby, as shown.
After the balloon is removed the cans are brought back together. When touching again, can X is
____.
a. positively charged b. negatively charged
c. neutral d. impossible to tell

2. A negatively charged balloon is brought near a neutral conducting sphere as shown below. As it
approaches, charge within the sphere will distribute itself in a very specific manner. Which one of
the diagrams below properly depicts the distribution of charge in the sphere?

3. Which of the following materials are likely to exhibit more conductive properties than insulating
properties? _____
a. rubber b. aluminum c. silver d. plastic e. wet skin

4. A conductor differs from an insulator in that a conductor ________.

a. has an excess of protons
b. has an excess of electrons
c. can become charged and an insulator cannot
d. has faster moving molecules
e. does not have any neutrons to get in the way of electron flow
f. none of these

5. During a physics lab, a plastic strip was rubbed with cotton and became positively charged. The
correct explanation for why the plastic strip becomes positively charged is that ...

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 a. the plastic strip acquired extra protons from the cotton.
b. the plastic strip acquired extra protons during the charging process.
c. protons were created as the result of the charging process.
d. the plastic strip lost electrons to the cotton during the charging process

6. A neutral metal sphere is touched by a negatively charged metal rod. During the process,
electrons are transferred from the _____ to the _____ and the sphere acquires a _____ charge.
a. neutral sphere, charged rod, negative
b. b. neutral sphere, charged rod, positive
c. c. charged rod, neutral sphere, negative
d. d. charged rod, neutral sphere, positive

7. The outer electrons in metals are not tightly bound to the atomic nuclei. They are free to roam in
the material. Such materials are good _____.

8. Two neutral conducting pop cans are touching each other. A positively charged glass rod is
brought near Can X as shown below. Which of the following occur as the glass rod approaches Can
X? List all that apply.

a. Electrons jump from the glass rod to can X .

b. Electrons jump from the glass rod to can Y.
c. Electrons jump from can X to the glass rod.
d. Electrons jump from can Y to the glass rod.
e. Protons jump from the glass rod to can X.
f. Protons jump from can X to the glass rod.
g. None of these occur.

9. (a) Two charged metal spheres are placed next to each other.

35
In the box alongside each pair of spheres, write “attract” or “repel” or “no effect” to describe the
effect the spheres have on each other.

(b) Water is flowing in a very narrow stream from a water tap (faucet). A negatively charged plastic
strip is held close to the stream of water, as shown in Fig.

The stream of water moves towards the plastic strip. In terms of the water at the point labelled X,
suggest why this happens
................................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................................

10. What is meant by the following terms?

(a) Free electrons:
................................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................................

36
(b) Charged body:
................................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................

11. Differentiate between the following :

Conductors Insulators

Charging by friction Charging by conduction

37
 5. ATOMIC PHYSICS
5.1 Radioactive elements

1. The abundant stable isotope of strontium is strontium-88. Its nucleon number is 88 and its
proton number is 38. In nuclide notation it is written

(a) Write down

(i) the values of x and y for strontium-88 x = ..................... y= .............................
(ii) the number of neutrons in a nucleus of strontium-88, .............................
(iii) the number of electrons in a neutral atom of strontium-88. .............................
(b) Strontium-90 is a radioactive isotope produced by nuclear reactions. State how the structure
of this isotope differs from that of strontium-88.
............................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................

2. Atoms contain protons, neutrons and electrons.

State which of these three
(a) has a negative charge, ..................................................................................................
(b) is uncharged,.................................................................................................................
(c) has a much smaller mass than the others, ...................................................................
(d) is outside the nucleus,...................................................................................................
(e) are nucleons,.................................................................................................................

3. The particle(s) found inside the nucleus are called ________________.

4. The number of protons and neutrons combined is called the ___________________.

5. The number of protons is called the ____________________.

38
6. Isotopes have the same number of ______________, but different numbers of_______________.
7. Determine the number of protons and neutrons from the following symbols:

(a) (b) (c)

(d) (e)

8. Complete the given table: (Refer periodic table)

element atomic atomic mass number of number of number of

notation number number protons neutrons electrons
1
hydrogen 1H
2
hydrogen 1 H

fluorine 9 19

9.

39
 Sample - Summative Assessment
Section-A
Choose the correct answer:
1. An object moves at a constant speed for some time, then begins to accelerate. Which
distance-time graph shows this motion?

2. The table gives the volumes and masses of four objects. Which object has the greatest
density?

3. The diagram shows the dimensions of a rectangular block of metal of mass m.

what will be the equation for its
Density.

40
4. The mass of an astronaut is 70 kg on the Moon. What is the mass of the astronaut on the
Earth?
A 7kg B 70kg C 80kg D 700kg

5. If your mass is 40 kg, what is your weight on the Earth? (Gravitational filed strength of
earth = 10 N/kg)
A 300 N B 370 N C 400 N D 470 N

6. The diagram shows a solid block resting on a bench. The dimensions of the block are
shown.

On which labelled surface should the block rest to produce the smallest pressure on the
bench?

A) P B) Q C) R D) any of P, Q or R

7. The table gives four forces and the surface area on which each force acts. Which row gives
the largest pressure on the surface?

41
8. The energy which is not derived from the sun is ______.
A bio-mass B fossil fuels
C nuclear energy D geo-thermal energy

9. A solar cell converts ______.

A heat energy into electrical energy

B solar energy into electrical energy

C heat energy into light energy

D solar energy into light energy

10. A student suggests some uses for containers made from good thermal conductors and for
containers made from poor thermal conductors. In which row are both suggested uses
correct?

11. One end of a copper rod is heated. What is one method by which thermal energy is
transferred in the copper rod?

A Free electrons transfer energy from the cooler end to the hotter end.

B Free electrons transfer energy from the hotter end to the cooler end.

C Molecules of copper move from the cooler end to the hotter end.

D Molecules of copper move from the hotter end to the cooler end

42
 12. The diagram shows some ice being used to lower the temperature of some warm water.

What is the main process by which the water at the bottom of the glass becomes cool?

condensation B conduction

C convection

D radiation

13. The diagram shows an object in front of a plane mirror. The mirror forms an image of the
object.

At which labelled point is the image formed, and which type of image is formed?

14. Which diagram correctly shows a ray of light reflected by a plane mirror?

43
15. A boy wears a shirt with a letter F on the front. He stands in front of a plane mirror.

What does he see in the mirror?

A B C D

16. The diagram shows a wave on the sea.

Which letter shows the wavelength of the wave?

A) A B) B C) C D) D

17. The Loudness of the guitar string gradually dies away. As it does so, its

A frequency decreases B amplitude decreases

C phase decreases D amplitude increases

18. The pitch of a musical sound is a measure of the sound wave's

A Wavelength B Frequency C Speed D Amplitude

19. Sound cannot travel through

A Air B Water C Glass Jar D Vacuum

44
 20. The magnetic south pole of earth is situated near :

A geographic south pole B geographic north pole

C geographic east D geographic west

21. The strength of magnetic field in a coil, will be maximum, if it has:

A 100 turns B 75 turns C 5 turns D 20 turns

22. What is the pattern found in the picture ?

Here are some options.

i. Magnetic field

ii. Magnetic lines of force

iii. Magnetic strength

iv. Magnetic poles

Pick from the box and choose for the correct answer.

A) i & iii only B) ii & iii only

C) both i & ii D) i,ii & iv only

23. A bar magnet s divided in two pieces. Which of the following statements is true?

A. The bar magnet is demagnetized

B. The magnetic field of each separated piece becomes stronger

C. The magnetic poles are separated

D. Two new bar magnets are created

45
24. Which of the following magnetic fields is correct for a single bar magnet?

25. When a negatively charged body is brought near a suspended positively charged ball, the
ball gets :
A attracted B repelled
C stay at same place D none of these

26. A positively charged body has :

A excess of electrons B deficiency of electrons
C no change in the number of electrons D none of these

27. When an uncharged conductor gets electrically charged, when brought near a charged body,
the process is called :
A conduction B convection
C induction D none of these

28. An electroscope is charged negatively by foil leaves that stand apart. As a positively
charged rod is brought close to the electroscope, the leaves
A spread farther apart.
B do not move.
C move closer together.
D spread farther apart first, and then move closer together.

46
 29. Static electricity can be produced by induction on…………………………….
A conductors and insulators.
B conductors only.
C insulators only.
D neither conductors or insulators.

30. When a plastic rod is charged positively by friction,

A it gains electrons
B it gains neutrons
C it gains protons
D it loses electrons
Section – B
Answer all the questions:

1. Fig. 1.1 shows a distance-time graph for a moving object.

Describe the speed of the object between points

(i) A and B,

....................................................................................................................................... .......[1]

2. Fig. 2.1 shows a side view of a large tank in a marine visitor attraction.

Fig 2.1

47
 The tank is 51 m long and 20 m wide. The sea-water in the tank is 11 m deep and has a
density of 1030 kg / m3.
(a) Calculate the mass of water in the tank

Mass = ................................................. [2]

3. An astronaut has a mass of 65 kg on Earth, where the gravitational field strength is 10 N/kg.

(a) Calculate the astronaut’s weight on Earth.

weight on Earth = ............................................................[2]

(b) The astronaut undertakes a Moon landing. On the Moon the gravitational field strength is
1.6 N / kg.

(i) State the astronaut’s mass on the Moon.

mass = ...............................................................[1]
(ii) Calculate the weight of the astronaut on the Moon.

weight on Moon = ...............................................................[1]

48
4. The front views of two cars are shown in Fig. 4.1, to the same scale.

Fig.4.1
(a) The cars have the same weight.
Study Fig. 4.1 and suggest why the stationary racing car exerts less pressure on the ground.

.......................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

(b) The family car’s tyres each have an area of 0.012 m2 in contact with the ground.

The weight of the car and its contents is 9600 N.

Calculate the pressure exerted by the car on the ground.

pressure = ......................................................... [2]

5. A soldier wears boots, each having an area of 0.016 m2 in contact with the ground.

The soldier weighs 720 N.

(i)Write down the equation that is used to find the pressure exerted by the soldier on the

ground.

49
 (ii) Calculate the pressure exerted by the soldier when he is standing to attention, with both

boots on the ground.

pressure = .........................................................[2]

6. A mountaineer takes a plastic bottle containing some water to the top of a mountain. He

removes the cap from the bottle, drinks all the water and then replaces the cap, as shown in

Fig. 6.1.

On returning to the base of the mountain, he finds that the bottle has collapsed to a

much smaller volume, as shown in Fig. 6.2.

(i) Explain why the bottle collapsed.

................................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................................[2]

50
 7. Energy sources can be renewable and non-renewable.

(a) Write the energy sources in the correct box.

Energy sources:

gas hydroelectric oil solar

tidal wave wind

[2]

(b) What is meant by a non-renewable energy source?

......................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................[1]

8. Meera used the Internet to find out about energy resources. The drawing below shows what

Meera saw on her computer screen.

51
 (a) Coal is a fossil fuel.

Give the names of two other fossil fuels in the list on the screen.

…........................................................... and …................................................................[2]

(b) (i) Wave energy is an example of a renewable energy resource.

From the list on the screen above choose two other renewable

energy resources.

…............................................................ and …................................................................[2]

(c) Complete the following sentences.

To release energy from coal, gas and oil they must be burned.

Coal, gas and oil are all …......................................... energy resources.[1]

9. Match words from the list with the numbers 1-4 in the sentences.

Conduction Convection Insulation radiation

52
 1. Energy travels from the Sun the Earth by ………………………………...[1]
2. In a kettle hot water rises by ………………………………...[1]
3. Thermal energy passes through the walls of a room by ……………………………...[1]
4. To reduce heat loss from a house, the cavity walls are fitted with…...………………...[1]

10. This is a piece of laundry equipment for taking creases out of clothes

a) The metal plate is heated using the heating element. The heating element touches the

metal plate.

(i) How is the thermal (heat) energy transferred to the metal plate?

Underline the answer from the list of words.

condensation

conduction

convection

evaporation

radiation [1]

(ii) Explain how the particles in the element transfer this thermal (heat) energy to the metal

plate.

….……………………………………………………………………………………………….

….……………………………………………………………………………………………….

….……………………………………………………………………………………………[1]

(b) The water in the bottom of the container becomes warm.

53
 This happens because of a thermal (heat) transfer process. Name this process.

………………………………………………………………………………………………[1]

11. An archaeologist digging at an ancient site discovers a spoon. The spoon is made from an

unidentified material.

The archaeologist suspects that the spoon is made of metal. She places it above a

flame, as shown in Fig. 11.1.

Fig.11.1

She notices that the handle of the spoon quickly becomes very hot.

State why this observation supports the suggestion that the spoon is made of metal.

….……………………………………………………………………………………………….

….……………………………………………………………………………………………….

….……………………………………………………………………………………………[2]

12. The diagram shows a burglar hiding behind a wall. Rays of light from his head strike a plane

mirror at an angle of 50 degrees, measured to the normal line.

54
 When a person stands in the right place they can see the burglar.

(i) On the diagram, continue the light ray reflected after it hits the mirror. [1]

(ii) On the diagram, mark the angle of incidence as i and the angle of reflection as r. [1]

(iii) On the diagram, draw a person in the right position so that they can see the burglar. [1]

13. A ray of light falls on a plane mirror at an angle of 40° to the mirror.

(i) What is the angle of incidence of the light ray?

.........................................................................................................................................…...[1]

(ii)What is the angle of reflection of the ray?

.........................................................................................................................................…...[1]

(iii) Draw a labelled diagram of the rays and the mirror. [3]

(iv) State the 2 laws of reflection.

………………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………………………[2]

14. A long rope, fixed at one end, is being used by a student to demonstrate transverse waves.

Fig. 14.1

55
 (i) State what the student does to the rope to produce the transverse wave.

....................................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) Fig. 14.1 shows a section of the rope when the transverse wave is present. Fig. 14.1

On Fig. 14.1, show

1. a distance, labelled λ, corresponding to the wavelength of the wave,

2. a distance, labelled A , corresponding to the amplitude of the wave. [2]

(iii) Suggest what the student could do to reduce the wavelength of the wave.

....................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[1]

15. Fig. 15.1 shows the position of layers of air, at one moment, as a sound wave of constant

frequency passes through the air. Compressions are labelled C. Rarefactions are labelled R.

Fig.15.1

i) State how Fig. 15.1 would change if.

1) the sound had a higher frequency,

...............................................................................................................................................[1]

2) the sound were louder.

............................................................................................................................................……

............................................................................................................................................…...

...............................................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) On Fig. 15.1, draw a line marked with arrows at each end to show the wavelength of the

sound. [1]

56
16. Sound waves can be seen on an oscilloscope trace.

(a) Which wave has the highest pitch?

….......................................................................[1]
(b) Which wave is the loudest?

….......................................................................[1]

17. (a) Here is a diagram of a bar magnet.

A magnet has a North pole, N, and a South pole, S.

57
 (i) Draw the magnetic field lines for this bar magnet.
Show the direction of the field lines with arrows. [2]
(ii) What piece of apparatus can be used to show the direction of field lines?

….....................................................................[1]

(ii) Tick the two correct statements about magnets. [2]

18. An insulated wire wrapped around a core and carrying an electric current makes an

electromagnet. It could be used to sort scrap metal on a conveyor belt.

58
 (a) Name a suitable material for the core of the electromagnet.

………………………..………………………………[1]

(b) Which of the metals shown would fall into the bin?

……………………………………………………………..………………………………[1]

(c) When the electric current is switched off the metal sticking to the electromagnet drops

off. Explain why this happens.

…...…………………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

...……………………………………………………………………………………………[2]

(d) State one advantage of an electromagnet

………………………………………………………………………………………………...

……………………………………………………………………………………………...[1]

19. (a) Two balloons are rubbed with a dry cloth. They are then hung next to each other.

Here are some statements about the two balloons.

Tick one box for each statement to show whether it is true or false

59
 [2]

(b) Electrostatics can be useful. The picture shows a person dusting

(i) Use your knowledge of electrostatics to complete these sentences. Use these words.
attracted charged negative opposite
positive repelled the same

The duster is............................ The dust has......................................

charge so it is …............................... to the duster. [3]

20. What causes lightning?

………………………………………..………………………………………………………..

………………………………………..………………………………………………………..

………………………………………..………………………………………………………..

………………………………………..……………………………………………………[2].

60
21. All atoms contain positive and negative charges. Which answer below correctly names these

charges? [1]

Positve Charge Negative charge

A. proton molecule
B. positron electron
C. proton electron
D. electron atom

22. What is an electroscope used for?

………………………………………..………………………………………………………..

………………………………………..………………………………………………………..

………………………………………..……………………………………………………[2].

23. Differentiate Electrical conductors and insulators. [2]

61