Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 4 views

    AC Circuits 2

    Uploaded by

    S. Oviya

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    AC Circuits 2

    Uploaded by

    S. Oviya
    4 views15 pages

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    4 views15 pages

    AC Circuits 2

    Uploaded by

    S. Oviya

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 15

    BEEE102L : Basic Electrical

    Engineering
    Module 2- AC Circuits

    1
    • When comparing two sinusoids, it is convenient to express both as
    either sine or cosine with positive amplitudes.
    • Trigonometric identities:

    𝑆𝑖𝑛 (𝐴 ± 𝐵) = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑠𝐵 ± 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝐴𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐵


    𝐶𝑜𝑠 (𝐴 ± 𝐵) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑠𝐵 ∓ 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐴𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐵
    𝑆𝑖𝑛(𝜔𝑡 ± 180) = −𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜔𝑡
    𝐶𝑜𝑠(𝜔𝑡 ± 180) = −𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜔𝑡
    𝑆𝑖𝑛(𝜔𝑡 ± 90) = ±𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜔𝑡
    𝐶𝑜𝑠(𝜔𝑡 ± 90) = ∓𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜔𝑡
    • Using these relationships, we can transform a sinusoid from sine form to cosine
    form or vice versa.

    2
    Example:

    Transform the following sinusoids to phasors:


    i = 6cos(50t – 40o) A
    v = –4sin(30t + 50o) V

    Solution:
    a. I = 6 − 40 A
    b. Since –sin(A) = cos(A+90o);
    v(t) = 4cos (30t+50o+90o) = 4cos(30t+140o) V
    Transform to phasor => V = 4140 V

    3
    Example:
    Transform the phasors to sinusoids :
    a. V = − 1030 V
    b. I = j(5 − j12) A

    Solution:
    a) v(t) = 10cos(t + 210o) V
    5
    b) Since I = 12 + j5 = 122 + 52  tan −1 ( ) = 13 22.62
    12
    i(t) = 13cos(t + 22.62o) A

    4
    Q. The voltage 𝑣 = 12 cos(60 𝑡 + 45°) is applied to 0.1 H
    inductor. Find the steady state current through the inductor.
    Voltage across the inductor, 𝑉 = 𝑗𝜔𝐿𝐼

    𝑉 = 12 ∠45°

    𝜔 = 60 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠
    𝑉 12∠45° 12∠45°
    𝐼= = = = 2∠ 45° − 90°
    𝑗𝜔𝐿 𝑗 ∗ 60 ∗ 0.1 6∠90°
    𝐼 = 2∠ − 45°
    In time domain representation, the current through the inductor is
    given by
    𝑖 = 2 cos(60 𝑡 − 45°) 𝐴

    5
    Impedance
    • The impedance Z of a circuit is the ratio of the phasor
    voltage V to the phasor current I, measured in ohms Ω.
    V
    Z = = R + jX
    I

    R = Re, Z is the resistance and X = Im, Z is the reactance. Positive X is


    for L and negative X is for C.

    6
    Admittance
     The admittance Y is the reciprocal of impedance, measured
    in siemens (S).
    1 I
    Y= =
    Z V

    7
    Impedance and Admittance
    Impedances and admittances of passive elements
    Element Impedance Admittance
    R 1
    Z=R Y=
    R
    L 1
    Z = jL Y=
    jL
    C 1
    Z = Y = jC
    j C

    8
    Impedance and Admittance
     = 0; Z = 0

    Z = jL
     → ; Z → 

     = 0; Z → 
    1
    Z=
    j C  → ; Z = 0

    9
    Example

    Determine v(t) and i(t).

    vs = 5 cos(10t )

    Answers: i(t) = 1.118cos(10t – 26.56o) A;


    v(t) = 2.236cos(10t + 63.43o)V

    10
    Impedance Combinations

    11
    12
    Star- delta transformations

    13
     A delta or wye circuit is said to be balanced if it has equal
    impedances in all three branches.
     When a Δ -Y circuit is balanced,

    14
    Impedance Combinations

    Example

    Determine the input impedance of the circuit at ω =10 rad/s.

    Answer: Zin = 32.38 – j73.76

    15

    You might also like