TIL5942
TIL5942
TIL5942
CURRENT-MODE-PWM CONTROLLER
WITH OPTOISOLATED VOLTAGE REFERENCE AND ERROR AMPLIFIER
SOES040 – OCTOBER 1997
description
The TIL5942 and TIL5942A consist of an advanced current-mode-PWM controller and a TL1431 adjustable
precision shunt regulator, incorporated in a single package. The controller provides a photodetector, an
improved MOSFET drive output, and an LED for isolation. The TL1431 is configured as a precision
reference/error amplifier. Using the TIL5942 or the TIL5942A, the power-supply designer can implement the
controller for an isolated dc/dc converter or off-line switching power supply, with one IC and a few passive
components. The TIL5942 standard version has a reference voltage tolerance of 0.8% and the TIL5942A has
a reference voltage tolerance of 0.4%
These controllers are available in a 16-pin PDIP with a lead form for through-hole, or gull-wing lead form for
surface-mount applications. These devices operate over a – 40°C to 100°C junction temperature range.
End equipment applications for the TIL5942 and the TIL5942A include isolated ac-to-dc power supplies and
dc/dc converters.
AVAILABLE OPTIONS
PACKAGED DEVICES
Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of
Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.
PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Copyright 1997, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Products conform to specifications per the terms of Texas Instruments
standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include
testing of all parameters.
Voltage Voltage 10
13 REG
PWM_GND Reference Regulator
12
REF
Driver
14 9
RT/CT Oscillator D Q OUT
Primary
CLK
Secondary I(VC) IIB(IS) R
4
BIAS
LED
3
COMP
1
FB TL1431X
2
INPUT_GND
1V
16
IS
15
VC
Terminal Functions
TERMINAL
I/O DESCRIPTION
NAME NO.
FB 1 I Feedback. FB is an error-amplifier inverting input.
INPUT_GND 2 I Ground connection for the voltage reference/error amplifier section.
COMP 3 O Error amplifier output/LED cathode connection. RC networks may be connected between COMP, FB, and
GND to stabilize the control loop of the dc/dc converter.
BIAS 4 I Optocoupler LED anode. BIAS connects to the output voltage of the dc/dc converter or to some other suitable
supply voltage through a resistor.
NC 7,8 No connection.
OUT 9 O Drive output. OUT is a pulse-width-modulated output.
REG 10 O Regulator output. A 0.1-µF, typical, ceramic capacitor should be connected between REG and PWM_GND.
VCC 11 I Supply voltage for PWM controller
REF 12 O PWM 5-V reference output
PWM_GND 13 I PWM ground connection
RT/CT 14 Connection for external RC network to set PWM oscillator frequency
VC 15 Connection for integrating capacitor (0.1µF typ) to PWM_GND (terminal 13)
IS 16 I PWM current sense input
theory of operation
The current through the LED is controlled by the precision reference amplifier according to the voltage error at
FB, with respect to the internal 2.5-V reference. The light emitted by the LED is coupled to the PWM controller
to change the modulation duty cycle and reduce the error voltage.
The PWM controller is in the off state until VCC is greater than the turn-on threshold voltage level. Typically the
controller turns on at 16 V. It stays in the on state until the voltage drops below the turn-off threshold of 10 V
typical. Upon turning on, the controller generates an internal reference voltage Vref of 5 V, which controls the
chip logic and can be used for low-power external applications. A voltage Vreg is also generated to supply current
to charge an external capacitor Creg, which supplies instant current for the pulsing output.
The oscillator shown in Figure 1 consists of an external resistance-capacitance (RC) network, a voltage
comparator, logic, a 125-ns one-shot for the dead time, and a MOSFET used to discharge the external capacitor
to ground each cycle. At the end of the reset period, CT charges toward the 5-V reference through timing resistor
RT for a time given by one time constant RTCT. The oscillator period is given by:
TOSC = RTCT + 0.125 µs.
A current IIB(IS) supplied out of IS biases the current-sense resistor on the primary side of the power supply. If
the voltage V(IS) at IS exceeds 1 V, the output pulse is reset. An internal current source I(VC) supplies a nominal
current of –4 µA as a reference. This current charges a capacitor connected between VC and ground. The
photodiode is connected internally in parallel with the capacitor. The light-generated photodiode current tends
to discharge the capacitor until a steady-state balance is reached. When I(VC) is greater than the photodiode
current, a net current is being sourced and the capacitor is charged. When I(VC) is lower than the photodiode
current, a net current is being sinked and the capacitor is discharged. When I(VC) is equal to the photodiode
current, the capacitor voltage stays constant. The voltage at VC is monitored by an internal comparator with
a threshold voltage given by V(IS) + 2Vd, where Vd is a diode voltage drop of typically 0.7 V.
Whenever VC is below this threshold, the output pulse is reset. The output pulse is enabled if V(IS) is less than
1 V and VC is greater than its threshold.
The 5-V reference on the PWM chip is brought out on REF and can be used as a reference and/or supply for
external circuits as long as the output current is limited to 20 mA and the power dissipation is not exceeded.
It is recommended that a 0.1-F ceramic capacitor be connected between REF and PWM_GND.
REF
RT (see Note A)
RT/CT
CT
PWM_GND
absolute maximum ratings over operating free-air temperature (unless otherwise noted)†
LED/REF section
Supply voltage range, VCC, BIAS to GND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to 37 V
Input current range at FB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –50 µA to 10 mA
LED forward current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 mA
Input LED reverse voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 V
PWM section
Supply voltage range, VCC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to 30 V
Input voltage at IS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to 5 V
Continuous supply current, ICC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 mA
entire package
Isolation voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.5 kV peak or dc (5.3 kVrms)
Total continuous power dissipation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See Dissipation Rating Table
Operating free-air temperature range, TA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –40°C to 100°C
Storage temperature range, Tstg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –55°C to 150°C
Lead temperature 1,6 mm (1/16 inch) from case for 10 seconds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260°C
† Stresses beyond those listed under “absolute maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and
functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “recommended operating conditions” is not
implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
II(LED) = 10 mA, R3 = 10 kΩ
II(FB) Feedback input current 1.5 3 µA
See Figure 4
Deviation of reference input current over II(LED) = 10 mA, R3 = 10 kΩ,
Iref(dev) 0.5 µA
full temperature range TA = 25°C to 100°C See Figure 4
TA = 25°C,
IDRV(min) Minimum drive current 0.4 1 mA
VO(COMP) = VI(FB)
VI(LED) = 37 V, VI(FB) = 0
II(off) Off-state input light-emitting diode current 0.18 0.5 µA
See Figure 5
VO(COMP) = VI(FB) f ≤ 1 kHz
Zka† Regulator output impedance 0.1
IO(COMP) = 1 mA to 50 mA
† This symbol is not currently listed within EIA or JEDEC standards for semiconductor symbology.
LED
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT
VF Forward voltage TA = 25°C, VO(COMP) = VI(FB), II(LED) = 10 mA, See Figure 2 1.2 1.4 V
IR LED reverse current VO = 6 V 10 µA
PWM Section
voltage reference
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT
Vref Reference voltage IO = 1 mA, TJ = 25°C 4.95 5 5.05 V
Vref(line reg) Reference line regulation VCC = 11 V to 30 V 50 mV
Vref(load reg) Reference load regulation IO = 0 mA to 20 mA 25 mV
TA = 25°C to 100°C –4 mV
Vref(temp
f(t reg)) Reference temperature regulation
TA = 25°C to –40°C –4 mV
oscillator
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT
fosc Frequency R = 3.9 kΩ, C = 1 nF 225 250 275 kHz
t(off) Dead time, (minimum off time) 100 148 200 ns
Minimum timing ramp voltage 0.5 V
Peak timing ramp voltage 3.2 V
supply current
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT
ICC(off) Start-up current VCC < 15 V 55 100 µA
ICC(on) Operating supply current VCC > 11 V 8 13 16 mA
output section
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT
IO = –20 mA 11 11.7
VOH High level output voltage
High-level V
IO = –200 mA 10.5 11.2
IO = 20 mA 0.78 0.9
VOL Low level output voltage
Low-level V
IO = 200 mA 1.38 2
tr Rise time TJ = 25°C, CL = 1 nF 20 35 ns
tf Fall time TJ = 25°C, CL = 1 nF 20 35 ns
regulator
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT
VO(REG) Regulator output Voltage VCC = 17 V 12 12.5 13.5 V
IOS(REG) Regulator short-circuit output current VO = 0 V –9 –12.5 –15.0 mA
Figure 2. Vref, VF , Imin Test Circuit Figure 3. ∆Vref /∆VI(LED) Test Circuit
II(off)
II(LED)
1 16 1 16
A
15 15
II(FB) 14 14
PWM 13 PWM 13
A 2 With 2 With
VI(LED)
Photo- 12 Photo- 12
4 4
V Diode 11 V Diode 11
R3
10 Vref 10
3 9 3 9
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Table of Graphs
FIGURE
VF LED forward voltage Free-air temperature 6
Vref Input reference voltage Free-air temperature 7
II(FB) Feedback input current Free-air temperature 8
ICC(on) On-state supply current Free-air temperature 9
Vref PWM reference voltage Free-air temperature 10
Vreg PWM regulator voltage Free-air temperature 11
PWM relative oscillator frequency Free-air temperature 12
I(VC) Integrating capacitor current Free-air temperature 13
IL Photodiode current source Free-air temperature 14
IIB(IS) Sense current source Free-air temperature 15
t(off) PWM dead time Free-air temperature 16
IOS(REG) PWM regulator short-circuit current Free-air temperature 17
VOL(1) Low-state output voltage Free-air temperature 18
VOL(2) Low-state output voltage Free-air temperature 19
VIT(H) PWM turn-on threshold voltage Free-air temperature 20
VIT(L) PWM turn-off threshold voltage Free-air temperature 21
PWM threshold voltages showing hysteresis Free-air temperature 22
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
2.8
VF – LED Forward Voltage – V
1.25
1.15 2.5
1.1 2.4
2.3
1.05
2.2
1
2.1
0.95 2
–40 –20 0 20 40 60 80 100 –40 –20 0 20 40 60 80 100
TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C
Figure 6 Figure 7
1.4 13.8
1.2 13.6
1 13.4
0.8 13.2
0.6 13
0.4 12.8
0.2 12.6
0 12.4
–40 –20 0 20 40 60 80 100 –40 –20 0 20 40 60 80 100
TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C
Figure 8 Figure 9
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
5.02
5.01 12.51
4.99 12.5
4.98
4.97 12.49
4.96
4.95 12.48
–40 –20 0 20 40 60 80 100 –40 –20 0 20 40 60 80 100
TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C
Figure 10 Figure 11
1.02 –1
–2
1.015
–3
1.01
–4
1.005
–5
1
–6
0.995 –7
0.99 –8
–40 –20 0 20 40 60 80 100 –40 –20 0 20 40 60 80 100
TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C
Figure 12 Figure 13
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
6 –4
–5
4
–6
2
–7
0 –8
–40 –20 0 20 40 60 80 100 –40 –20 0 20 40 60 80 100
TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C
Figure 14 Figure 15
170 18
165 16
t (off) – PWM Dead Time – ns
160 14
12
155
10
150
8
145
6
140
4
135
2
130 0
–40 –20 0 20 40 60 80 100 –40 –20 0 20 40 60 80 100
TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C
Figure 16 Figure 17
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
1.4 1.44
1.2 1.42
1 1.4
0.8 1.38
0.6 1.36
0.4 1.34
0.2 1.32
0 1.3
–40 –20 0 20 40 60 80 100 –40 –20 0 20 40 60 80 100
TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C
Figure 18 Figure 19
16.2 10.2
16.15 10.15
16.1 10.1
16.05 10.05
16 10
15.95 9.95
15.9 9.9
15.85 9.85
15.8 9.8
15.75 9.75
–40 –20 0 20 40 60 80 100 –40 –20 0 20 40 60 80 100
TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C
Figure 20 Figure 21
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
PWM THRESHOLD VOLTAGES SHOWING HYSTERESIS
vs
FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE
16
VIT(H)
14
12
VIT(L)
10
0
–40 –20 0 20 40 60 80 100
TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C
Figure 22
APPLICATION INFORMATION
C15 + C17 +
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
C18
470 µF, 100 µF, 0.1 µF 2
GND
C10
R7
R3 L3
4.7 Ω 1
5V
CR1 CR3
+
C5 C12 + C11 +
C14 R17
100 µF, 2200 µF, 470 µF, 0.1 µF
25 V
C22
Q1
IRFBC40 C23
R12 CR7 Q2
R11 R15
1 kΩ 16 1
R14
C9
R5 C26 15 2 100 Ω C13
0.62 Ω 470 pF R13 0.1 µF
C24
14 3
0.1 µF
R10 13 4 R16 C8
C27
1000 pF
12 kΩ U1
12 TIL5942, 5
NC
TIL5942A
11 6
CR2 C28 NC
1 µF, 10 7
R4 63 V NC
150 Ω 9 8
NC
R6 C7 C25
1O kΩ 0.1 µF 0.1 µF,
63 V
Table 1. Bill of Materials for TIL5942 and TIL5942A Off-Line Power-Supply (Continued)
ITEM
REF DES PART NUMBER DESCRIPTION VENDOR
NO.
42 C28 ECU-S1J105MEB Capacitor, ceramic, 1 µF/63 V Panasonic
43 C29 ECU-S1J102JCB Capacitor, ceramic, 1000 pF/100 V Panasonic
44 R1 Resistor, MF, 680 kΩ, 1/2 W, 5%
45 R2 Resistor, MF, 750 kΩ, 2 W, 5%
46 R3 Resistor, MF, 4.7 Ω, 1/4 W, 5%
47 R4 Resistor, MF, 150 Ω, 1/4 W, 5%
48 R5 Resistor, MF, 0.62 Ω, 1/4 W, 5%
49 R6 Resistor, MF, 10 kΩ, 2 W, 5%
50 R7 Resistor, MF, 47 Ω, 1/4 W, 5%
51 R8 Resistor, MF, 100 Ω, 1/4 W, 5%
52 R9 Resistor, MF, 100 Ω, 1/4 W, 5%
53 R10 Resistor, MF, 12 kΩ, 1/4 W, 5%
54 R11 Resistor, MF, 100 Ω, 1/4 W, 5%
55 R12 Resistor, MF, 2.4 kΩ, 1/4 W, 5%
56 R13 3306F-502-ND 5 kΩ, 1/4 W, POT Bourns
57 R14 Resistor, MF, 100 Ω, 1 W, 5%
58 R15 Resistor, MF, 100 Ω, 1/4 W, 5%
59 R16 Resistor, MF, 150 kΩ, 1/4 W, 5%
60 R17 Resistor, MF, 1 kΩ, 1/4 W, 5%
61 R18 Resistor, MF, 4.7 kΩ, 2 W, 5%
62 T1 CYX01-13940-X4 Transformer, turns ratio Colitronics
63 L1 0571-0203-01 Common mode filter Bel
64 L2 PCV-0-0050-10 Inductor, choke Coilcraft
65 L3 PCV-0-0050-10 Inductor, choke Coilcraft
66 F1 Fuse, 3AG Bel
67 FH1 F052-ND Fuseclip
68 FH1 F052-ND Fuseclip
69 HS1 PF430 Heat sink Q1 Thermalloy
70 HS4 PF430 Heat sink CR3 Thermalloy
71 P1 42R05-3143-150 Connector, input Power Dynamics
72 P2 WM4403ND Connector, output Waldom
73 JMP1 Strap
74 JMP2 Strap
75 JMP3 Strap
76 PWB PC board
MECHANICAL DATA
NFD (R-PDSO-G14) PLASTIC SMALL-OUTLINE PACKAGE
16 9
1 8
Gage Plane
0.790 (20,07)
0.782 (19,86)
0.010 (0,25)
Seating Plane
4073330/A 08/97
MECHANICAL DATA
NFC (R-PDIP-T14) PLASTIC DUAL-IN-LINE PACKAGE
0.790 (20,07)
0.782 (19,86)
16 9
0.260 (6,60)
0.240 (6,10)
1 8
0.058 (1,47)
0.042 (1,07)
Seating Plane
0.024 (0,61)
0.010 (0,25) M 0.010 (0,25) NOM
0.016 (0,41) 0.410 (10,41)
0.100 (2,54) 0.390 (9,91)
4110451/A 08/97
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