UNITy

VECTO cALLULDS

Vedo nd Sealae fndien 3

2) Vecer bifesentiation'
3) Cses
A cusne i a slap
slape line ul'h s cmeothly
daun in a plane lauing a bente tusus nit.
Eq: Ccle in an

) Anc lengtk:
Sectien oB aa lme. ARc dength

(a
Centinud ia point'a)
s) Cuwwatse:
ameunt by uh'h
Cswate ia the Lutace deuiades
shalgkt ine , a a
fsom being a plene.
a

4rom beng a
maginy
cihle whee
+
uwatine
z4)
Kpandoy

1
 Ja4
d'asttostt 9)=
ar
t a
+ol afsint-cost)
asint? asinti-asin
acart a""(+)=
+a
dieinttdl'coat
ta4 Ia'4)xa"lt)]=
(abcint)f- 2,2
=
+oe(abeast)?
L(o+absint)-?(o+t
abcet) t
-asint
o acest
bacost asnt - xa't)= a'l+)
k
X=
Sel:
4=asint,
btz= X=acest
watwe the find Uuey
teli of
the terien and
7-SM
expaomed
in i
opfliedTaasien
NmPa), lascal( to
taue. called fere.
Toaien
 aesst
lat) x"(4))
toe]
2

(J £b'sttta'os tta
Falsateost a'bsintcot
ab
a»bsit+dbcet
albta)

tthe uswte and teion of lhe

Ques: nd
XL)= (at,bt', cd),+o.

aepeent Cethenhe leng

Let sl),astsb
wne Cia

8) Aac length s ef a()sue?

e! a cue l iu a censtant.
The length 2
2 in
in () the fxed b n
umbee. But if oe Aeplace
pasitine
uith a vosiable t, tken tthe intgral C.

4t, deneted dy st) dereted by Padey

Slt) = JasdE 13
netatten t t becawse it is new
eppo Linit fE.
 ac e t

Nete: Aac
t-ds

ds

Sel

da
2s(y-) (4-
(g)
J ItG) =Jg
L= =

Ascune
L=
 adient o} aSalas 4ield:
The gradient
denated
LA a vectes

lo) sedonal Deuatiue:

diaetan
Daedtenal destuatve of in dineten o vecte
b)
a' i y@
0-D7is maimun along e nesmal to the sace
)

Hence hewthot a= n

Sol vf)-(tj)fa) 2

f'a)24 tfa)

2 2
N

Apade
) f a ) -(a)
Apade
(3,2,).
ates tasthe wheseB ABline the diaetien
he (1,,-) paint
A fl=xtyte at +
n at diecenal
scales desinatne the find Ques
i-= 164}
(i-sj-z) J
(v¢)=
leduinatia
ng Diaccdienal
Nis
-4i-k 4i-K= 0i-
(ay) N
Sel!
(-1,2,) -=-4
at Rdagz
(2,1,)
te in
to
he nenal te dietiene what Cny
=y deinatine diedicnal ia
at
tndeeun
get we 4)
=" f(a) Take
 bivngenee o a Vecde ieldi
ditfenendial opeoadon
opeuten opesada, saala
when vecta,
n a

called diuegne f vedes tuntie

t
tt

vectefild a called Selareidal

4 F=o tte
Cues: == xitaítzk, Sheuo tihat v.(a's)- (n+3)s
sal' )=(itj)(xitsyitz)

"tna = (3+n)a
4'pando
 e le

e
Pe Ze
e

Re 2e

ztt e

)
 4S+n-2J

vetes fil:
12) Cul oB a vete
fundien i opeaded
) when a vedar pintveto
vecta F i
k

b) Aveter Fa called is ctena (es consebuaie

=citHitzk then shew that wl (

dt'2 k

=
i("z)-2 (
)
Ae 2e

Re

ol
 dt7 1o.(4*)
3t +
loxd) szdy+ egde- -
dyf+1ox2). FR-
to
. fromto 2=tyzQ, n=ttl, Cusune
he
alengszítiDxk P=3yi- freld fonce
atde meuinga in
dene Findtte
onk Ouesi
e. the bydone he
cenk Sepeeset RF A
hen foce atien
a of
aleng aunder
he &to A
we a
menes pantie Tya d)
pant tren C
indegnatten patah the c)
Jeed
a
itdzk deitdy - dSo
=itHi+zK uhese
wstten
as cueeci the along
taken istegral
f a line Thee b)
Dengt aln=b.ong dtinedto aX=
Rde theconeldes )
Line
 -lot+|2t+ 3ot)d
2.

320 nits

bounded 2

Soli JA

( + )da+ (a2)-2n d
(oRy

(Ao) x()=0

2
3 2
3 D

sot6 tIS t - 2
30
+|- |o-30 -20
30

12
 siala fundi
) FaBe gadint e< comeindeperdentte
then the line irtegralap
fath.
b) Ln this cae he ine
en he end peita Aand Band net en epa
A and B.
) F=y then F dA a d= ()- ¢a)

|s) Geeen's TheePum inte Plane:

atatement: two fntens ulay) and vea
pastial deiuatues ase ingl valsd and
and thei a cdesed
continueu auet a plane aegion
Cusme c,-then

dvdy=
Can be ween as
) Geens theeem in he plae

3
 Gseen's tcB bem in -plane, eval
Jound

Sol! By Geens Iheeem

y2aydtyt)dy-s)
-JAg23)dady ,)
2

2.

=2

g-0 to 4

|6- X

Cpade
f2x drdy 2

o(2,4)

2dyda
du
(2,-4)
%=2 jote lx=o to 2
2
Brto
4xJ8 da =82
3
= l6J2 2J2 = (4
3

Apply Gseen's teoiem fn the y-plane fe

boded by y= and
fadatvdys 2

y=x-to
 t)d,
(
I+|=S+y

1) Sonfocevedos,
Tatyuls
fnian and s t a
a) Let fbe be
sided
n; sface. let Cyi)
P Qutuaels to s
be unst nonal vetes daaun
at tthe paint P.
) -The Susace integall o tee naamal cempanet of
Cuen s i deneted bt
ehesehds - dy dzitdzdjtddyk
wtee f= it (zz)j-y
Duss! tvaluate wendices
the tsuangle ith
and s ia he suace of
(2,o, o) , (o, 2, o), (o, o, 4).
sel: § plane t=| beundedy
the line ty=2, zE0, y+z= 4, 2=o
A
Teco,o,)
fdi-[iH(i-zj-yk B

[dydei+dd ddy] (o,2,)

A
E(2,0, o)
 Fd
AoBe AoB
2 s-2

(o-y)dzdy tJ z )ozd
274-2x
d
21
2

2
J.(-y)dy t 8 ( - s ( z ' e
2

wloo 3

= 8 + 32 ld = l0.
3

Stoke's Ciaculaon heoem:

16) Ctwo -cided)
open Lusface
Statement: s is an cusue c and if
cloed non-inteeting dauates
bounded by has contieus pattal
a vectas fll F
then

uhse C toanenhed in pauine disetien.

Tasosam foa f- ( 2 - i i
Qus; Vesif Stoke's
and cia Ha beunda: chcle in
Sol' The bewndasy Cof epen suwface Sis
Xy-plane
 =0,loct<
cost 4: = sint,z
L e t =codt,
2

g.(?-y)da-yzdy-gzdz
C

(dcotsnt)nt)dt

J,Fsin at+-co t1

it2yzty)
Jlo-o) +2 (o +)
2
-y'z

tem

Appy stokus Theesem to evalte Cydtzdyzd

whe Ce tte cee intaasecten
and tz=a.

'po.dey
e)j(-o)ixo-)
 A

-)1
fdyddrdztddy)
dade (x-z plan)
-fdade
|de

J. ydatzdytde
2 2 2

tyt2-a abene XZplane C: t2=a,y=o

dz ca0de

-an

|19
1) Gaws- Diuegene Theoaem
Sutace indegl noRmal cemparent aa veO

cleed
a
a velumeVi equal to volue
F taken-thoengkat e velne Vboundod by te
Swtace S,ta

b) Liuseqence theeem can also be wsitten as

Ous: UAe dingene teheoeme to waluate fFld

=ìi+Í tzk ansin the swface f
the sphehe ty'42'=a2
Sali s in He clored suotae hence by diuegenie tliin

Sffstajt3z)dadyde

127a/5