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9 views16 pages

Assignment 1 2

Uploaded by

chaudharybilalaslam0
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Assignment # 01

Subject:
Poetry & Drama

Submitted To:

Sir Mujahid Abbas

Submitted By:

Nida Asghar
(Sp24_BEN_010)

Date:
10-Sep, 2024

COMSATS University Islamabad


Vehari Campus
Topic: Generations Of Computer

Generation 1: First Generation (1940-1956)*

Characteristics:

-Vacuum tubes (thermonic valves)

- Large size, heavy, and expensive

- Limited programming capabilities

- Used punched cards or magnetic drums for storage

Examples:

- ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer)

- UNIVAC 1 (Universal Automatic Computer)

Diagram+---------------+
Vacuum Tubes. Central Processing(Unit CPU)

Punched Cards |. Magnetic Drums|

Generation 2: Second Generation (1956-1963)*

Characteristics:

-Transistors replaced vacuum tubes

- Smaller, faster, and more reliable

- Introduced assembly languages

- Used magnetic tapes for storage

Examples:

IBM 7090
- TRADIC (Transistor Digital Computer)

Diagram:

Transistors. CPU
Magnetic Tapes
+---------------+

+---------------+

| Assembly Language|

+---------------+

```

*Generation 3: Third Generation (1964-1971)*

Characteristics:

- Integrated circuits (ICs) replaced transistors

- Further miniaturization and increased performance

- Introduced high-level programming languages

- Used magnetic disks for storage


Examples:

- IBM 370

- PDP-8 (Programmed Data Processor)

Diagram:

```

+---------------+

| Integrated |

| Circuits (ICs) |

+---------------+

v
+---------------+

| CPU |

+---------------+

+---------------+

| Magnetic Disks|

+---------------+

+---------------+

| High-Level |

| Programming |

+---------------+

```

*Generation 4: Fourth Generation (1971-1980)*


Characteristics:

- Microprocessors replaced ICs

- Personal computers emerged

- Introduced graphical user interfaces (GUIs)

- Used floppy disks and hard disks for storage

Examples:

- Apple II

- IBM PC

Diagram:
```

+---------------+

| Microprocessors|

+---------------+

+---------------+

| CPU |

+---------------+

+---------------+

| Floppy Disks |

| Hard Disks |

+---------------+

|
v

+---------------+

| Graphical User|

| Interface (GUI)|

+---------------+

```

*Generation 5: Fifth Generation (1980-1990)*

Characteristics:

- Artificial intelligence (AI) and expert systems

- Parallel processing and supercomputers

- Introduced relational databases

- Used CD-ROMs and DVDs for storage


Examples:

- Cray X-MP

- Sun Microsystems

Diagram:

```

+---------------+

| Artificial |

| Intelligence |

+---------------+

+---------------+

| Parallel Processing|
+---------------+

+---------------+

| Relational |

| Databases |

+---------------+

+---------------+

| CD-ROMs/DVDs |

+---------------+

```

*Generation 6: Sixth Generation (1990-Present)*


Characteristics:

- Internet and web technologies

- Mobile devices and cloud computing

- Introduced big data and analytics

- Used flash memory and solid-state drives (SSDs) for storage

Examples:

- Smartphones (e.g., iPhone, Android)

- Cloud computing platforms (e.g., AWS, Azure)

Diagram:

```
+---------------+

| Internet/Web |

+---------------+

+---------------+

| Mobile Devices|

+---------------+

+---------------+

| Cloud Computing|

+---------------+

+---------------+

| Big Data/Analytics|
+---------------+

+---------------+

| Flash Memory/SSDs|

+---------------+

```

Genre is the classification of a literary work by its form, content, and style into categories such
as poetry, drama, fiction, and non-fiction. From there, literature can be further classified into
subgenres. Each genre varies in its features and functions and understanding what major genre
category a work of literature falls into will help to bring deeper understanding to that work.
Literary Genres:
A literary genre is a category of literature that's based on shared features of form and
content.

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