Scribd
Upload
20 views5 pages

Accaess Modifiers

Uploaded by

rameen fatima
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
20 views5 pages

Accaess Modifiers

Uploaded by

rameen fatima
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 5

Access Modifiers in Java

There are two types of modifiers in Java: access modifiers and non-access
modifiers.

The access modifiers in Java specifies the accessibility or scope of a field,


method, constructor, or class. We can change the access level of fields,
constructors, methods, and class by applying the access modifier on it.

There are four types of Java access modifiers:

1. Private: The access level of a private modifier is only within the class. It
cannot be accessed from outside the class.

2. Default: The access level of a default modifier is only within the package. It
cannot be accessed from outside the package. If you do not specify any
access level, it will be the default.

3. Protected: The access level of a protected modifier is within the package


and outside the package through child class. If you do not make the child
class, it cannot be accessed from outside the package.

4. Public: The access level of a public modifier is everywhere. It can be


accessed from within the class, outside the class, within the package and
outside the package.

There are many non-access modifiers, such as static, abstract, synchronized,


native, volatile, transient, etc. Here, we are going to learn the access
modifiers only.

1) Private
The private access modifier is accessible only within the class.

Simple example of private access modifier

In this example, we have created two classes A and Simple. A class contains
private data member and private method. We are accessing these private
members from outside the class, so there is a compile-time error.
1. class A{

2. private int data=40;

3. private void msg(){System.out.println("Hello java");}

4. }

5.

6. public class Simple{

7. public static void main(String args[]){

8. A obj=new A();

9. System.out.println(obj.data);//Compile Time Error

10. obj.msg();//Compile Time Error

11. }

12. }
Role of Private Constructor

If you make any class constructor private, you cannot create the instance of
that class from outside the class.

2) Default
If you don't use any modifier, it is treated as default by default. The default
modifier is accessible only within package. It cannot be accessed from
outside the package. It provides more accessibility than private. But, it is
more restrictive than protected, and public.

Example of default access modifier

In this example, we have created two packages pack and mypack. We are
accessing the A class from outside its package, since A class is not public, so
it cannot be accessed from outside the package.

1. //save by A.java

2. package pack;

3. class A{

4. void msg(){System.out.println("Hello");}

5. }
1. //save by B.java

2. package mypack;

3. import pack.*;

4. class B{

5. public static void main(String args[]){

6. A obj = new A();//Compile Time Error

7. obj.msg();//Compile Time Error

8. }

9. }

In the above example, the scope of class A and its method msg() is default
so it cannot be accessed from outside the package.

3) Protected
The protected access modifier is accessible within package and outside
the package but through inheritance only.

The protected access modifier can be applied on the data member, method
and constructor. It can't be applied on the class.

It provides more accessibility than the default modifer.

Example of protected access modifier

In this example, we have created the two packages pack and mypack. The A
class of pack package is public, so can be accessed from outside the
package. But msg method of this package is declared as protected, so it can
be accessed from outside the class only through inheritance.

1. //save by A.java

2. package pack;

3. public class A{

4. protected void msg(){System.out.println("Hello");}

5. }
1. //save by B.java

2. package mypack;

3. import pack.*;

4.

5. class B extends A{

6. public static void main(String args[]){

7. B obj = new B();

8. obj.msg();

9. }

10. }
Output:Hello

4) Public
The public access modifier is accessible everywhere. It has the widest
scope among all other modifiers.

Example of public access modifier

1. //save by A.java

2.

3. package pack;

4. public class A{

5. public void msg(){System.out.println("Hello");}

6. }

1. //save by B.java

2.

3. package mypack;

4. import pack.*;
5.

6. class B{

7. public static void main(String args[]){

8. A obj = new A();

9. obj.msg();

10. }

11. }

You might also like