COMMUNITY SERVICE PROJECT

REPORT

HEALTH AND HYGIENE CONDITION IN

ATMAKUR VILLAGE, NANDYAL DISTRICT,
ANDHRA PRADESH.

Name of the Student: SHAIK FOUZIYA

Registration Number: 3762
Group: B.Sc Chemistry (Hons)

To
The Silver Jubilee Government Degree College,
Cluster University,
Kurnool.
 DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the project work embodied in this report is the result of investigations
carried out by me at Atmakur, under the supervision Dr B. Anusha, Lecturer in Chemistry. My
Community Service Project title is “HEALTH AND HYGIENE IN -ATMAKUR- VILLAGE,
-NANDYAL- DISTRICT, ANDHRA PRADESH ”. This work is original and has not been
submitted in part or full, for any degree or diploma to this or any other university.

Date: .08.2024.
Kurnool. Name of the Student
Student of SJGDC, CU, Kurnool.
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the Community Service Project work incorporated in this report entitled
“HEALTH AND HYGIENE IN -ATMAKUR- VILLAGE, -NANDYAL- DISTRICT,
ANDHRA PRADESH/TELANGANA” have been carried out under my supervision and is a
Bonafide work of Ms. SHAIK FOUZIYA. This work is original and has not been submitted in
part or full, for any degree or diploma to this or any other university.

Date: /08/2024 (Dr.B.Anusha)

Kurnool. Project Supervisor
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project entitled “HEALTH AND HYGIENE IN --ATMAKUR--
VILLAGE, -NANDYAL- DISTRICT, ANDHRA PRADESH” that is being submitted by
SHAIK FOUZIYA in partial fulfillment for COMMUNITY SERVICE PROJECT is a record
of Bonafide work carried out by her at Silver Jubilee Government Degree College, Cluster
University, Kurnool. The results embodied in this report have not been submitted to any other
University or Institute for the award of any degree or diploma.

Principal

(Dr.V.V.S Kumar)
Silver Jubilee Govt. Degree College
Cluster University, Kurnool.
Committee members
1.

2.

3.
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I wish to thank our college Principal Dr V.V. S Kumar for his everlasting encouragement and
support throughout my project work. And also I extend my sincere thanks to my project
supervisor Dr B. Anusha and all faculty members of SJGC, Cluster University, Kurnool for
their continuous guidance and support. I also extend my heartfelt thanks to my family, friends,
students and well-wishers for lasting help, moral support and motivation in my work.

SHAIK FOUZIYA.
 CONTENTS

S. No Title Page No’s

1 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT

2 INTRODUCTION

3 PRESENT WORK

4 SOCIOECONOMIC SURVEY

5 COMMUNITY AWARENESS CAMPAIGN

6 COMMUNITY IMMERSION

(IMPLEMENTATION)

7 CONCLUSION

8 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

9 REFERENCES

10 LOG BOOK
OBJECTIVE OF THIS PROJECT: The purpose of this project is to provide an
overview of the primary issues encountered in the HEALTH AND HYGIENE IN
ATMAKUR (V), ATMAKUR (Tq), NANDYAL (D), ANDHRA PRADESH.

INTRODUCTION: Health has a variety of definitions, which have been used for different
purposes over time. Health can be promoted by encouraging healthful activities, such as
regular physical exercise and adequate sleep, and by reducing or avoiding unhealthful
activities or situations, such as smoking or excessive stress. Some factors affecting health are
due to individual choices, such as whether to engage in a high-risk behavior, while others are
due to structural causes, such as whether the society is arranged in a way that makes it easier
or harder for people to get necessary health care services. Still, other factors are beyond both
individual and group choices, such as genetic disorders. The meaning of health has evolved
over time. In keeping with the biomedical perspective, early definitions of health focused on
the theme of the body's ability to function; health was seen as a state of normal function that
could be disrupted from time to time by disease. An example of such a definition of health is:
"a state characterized by anatomic, physiologic, and psychological integrity; ability to perform
personally valued family, work, and community roles; ability to deal
with physical, biological, psychological, and social stress". In the first decade of the 21st
century, the conceptualization of health as an ability opened the door for self-assessments to
become the main indicators to judge the performance of efforts aimed at improving human
health. It also created the opportunity for every person to feel healthy, even in the presence
of multiple chronic diseases or a terminal condition, and for the re-examination of determinants
of health (away from the traditional approach that focuses on the reduction of the prevalence
of diseases). Achieving and maintaining health is an ongoing process, shaped by both the
evolution of health care knowledge and practices as well as personal strategies and organized
interventions for staying healthy. An important way to maintain one's personal health is to have
a healthy diet. A healthy diet includes a variety of plant-based and animal-based foods that
provide nutrients to the body.
Hygiene is a set of practices performed to preserve health. According to the World Health
Organization (WHO), "Hygiene refers to conditions and practices that help to maintain health
and prevent the spread of diseases." Personal hygiene refers to maintaining the body's
cleanliness. Hygiene activities can be grouped into the following: home and everyday hygiene,
personal hygiene, medical hygiene, sleep hygiene, and food hygiene. Home and every day
hygiene includes hand washing, respiratory hygiene, food hygiene at home, hygiene in the
kitchen, hygiene in the bathroom, laundry hygiene, and medical hygiene at home. Many people
equate hygiene with "cleanliness", but hygiene is a broad term. It includes such personal habit
choices as how frequently to take a shower or bath, wash hands, trim fingernails, and wash
clothes. It also includes attention to keeping surfaces in the home and workplace clean,
including bathroom facilities. Adherence to regular hygiene practices is often regarded as a
socially responsible and respectable behavior, while neglecting proper hygiene can be
perceived as unclean or unsanitary, and may be considered socially unacceptable or
disrespectful, while also posing a risk to public health. hygiene is a practice related
to lifestyle, cleanliness, health, and medicine. In medicine and everyday life, hygiene practices
are preventive measures that reduce the incidence and spread of germs leading to disease.
There are several types of hygiene, including personal hygiene, hand hygiene, food hygiene,
and environmental hygiene:

1. Personal hygiene

Personal hygiene which involves the cleanliness of one’s body and clothing, proper living
habits, healthy diet, rest, and exercise, basically means cleanliness of your body. Good personal
hygiene means keeping all parts of the physical body clean and healthy. It is an essential part
of maintaining both physical and mental health. In people who practice poor personal hygiene,
the body offers a perfect environment for the growth of germs, hence leaving it vulnerable to
infection. The main goal of personal hygiene is to improve or enhance personal standards of
cleanliness, within people’s living conditions. Some of the personal hygiene practices include
bathing, washing clothes, washing hands, proper use of the toilet, caring for the teeth, nails,
feet, personal grooming, maintaining good practices when either spitting, sneezing, or
coughing, and inculcating clean habits at a young age.

2. Environmental Hygiene

The aim of environmental hygiene is to create safe spaces so as to prevent diseases. In general,
environmental hygiene involves disinfection activities (to control the harmful organisms and
bacteria that threaten health), rodent control, dis-infestation, and fumigation activities. When
the environment is polluted with toxic waste through either spitting or vomiting, the State is
accountable for the respective cleaning of the environment using companies that are in the field
of environmental hygiene. This way, children and other people who use the same street are
prevented from falling ill due to exposure to such waste. Environmental hygiene takes care of
the health of both current and future generations.

3. Domestic hygiene

Domestic hygiene which involves cleanliness, the sanitary preparation of food, and ventilation,
generally means cleanliness in homes. Domestic hygiene practices include all the work done
to keep people’s clothes, bedding, and houses clean. These activities include washing clothes
and bedding, cleaning the toilet, sweeping and cleaning floors, and washing dishes after meals.
It is important to keep the house clean so that it remains a healthy place. In the case where the
house and things in it are not often cleaned, dirt and moisture accumulate, making the house
ideal for the breeding of parasites, germs, and disease-carrying animals. These germs can cause
infection or sickness to the people living in the house. Domestic hygiene also entails the use of
soap, proper ventilation, fresh air, hygiene in food storage, proper waste disposal, and keeping
away household pests, rats, and insects.

4. Food hygiene

One of the greatest risks to the health of a population is contaminated food. It is a leading cause
of disease outbreaks and transmission. Food that is kept for too long contains pathogens or
toxic chemicals whereas foodstuffs that are consumed raw, such as vegetables and fruits, can
get contaminated by flies, dirty hands, or unclean water. Food that has been improperly
prepared can also lead to chemical poisoning. For instance, improperly pounded and cooked
cassava leaves may contain dangerous cyanide levels. Therefore, to promote good health, food
should be prepared and stored properly.
ABOUT VILLAGE SELECTED: Atmakur Village Details

Atmakur is a Village in Atmakur Mandal , Nandyal district and Andhra Pradesh State.
Atmakur village Pin code is 518422. Atmakur Village Total population is 85000 and number
of houses are 15875. Female Population is 48.44%. Village literacy rate is 70.7% and the
Female Literacy rate is 33.4%.

Location and Administration :

Atmakur Village Gram Panchayath name is Atmakur . Atmakur is also Taluqa Head Quarter
and it is 51 km distance from District HeadQuarter Nandyal. Nandyal is also District Head
Quarter. Other nearest Statutory Town is Kurnool in 72 km Distance . Atmakur Total area is
3474.6 hectares, Forest area is 504.86 hectares, Non-Agricultural area is 390.5 hectares,Total
irrigated area is 304.5 hectares.

Drinking-Water and Sanitation

Panchayat supplied water supply to homes and covered well and uncovered well are other
Drinking water sources.
Closed drainage System and Open Drainage System available in this Village. Partial Village
Covered Under Total Sanitation. There is Govt system to Collect garbage on street. Drain
water is discharged directly into water bodies.

CENSUS:

Particulars Total Male Female

Total Population 85000 43825 41175

Literate Population 60125 31729 28396

Illiterate Population 24875 11385 13490