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IT in Business - Session 2

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26 views28 pages

IT in Business - Session 2

Uploaded by

Wanya Muammar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Course:

IT in
Business
Instructor:
Hafsa Naeem
Session 2

Information Systems
Introduction

Role of IS in Business

Types of IS
What Is an Information System?

An information system (IS) can be any organized


combination of people, hardware, software,
communications networks, data resources, and
policies and procedures that stores, retrieves,
transforms, and disseminates information in an
organization.
What Is an Information System?
What it is

Organized combination
People
Hardware
Software
Communications networks
Data resource
Policies and procedures
People rely on modern information systems to communicate with one another using a
variety of physical devices (hardware), information processing instructions and
procedures (software), communications channels (networks), and stored data (data
resources)
What Is an Information System?
What it does

Stores
Retrieves
Transforms
Disseminates

>> Information in an organization


People rely on modern information systems to communicate with one another using a
variety of physical devices (hardware), information processing instructions and
procedures (software), communications channels (networks), and stored data (data
resources)
Areas of IS needed by business professionals

Examples
Smoke signals for communication
Card catalogs in a library
The cash register at your favorite
fast-food restaurant
Accounting ledgers
Areas of IS needed by business professionals

Business Applications

Development Processes

Information Technologies

Management Challenges
THE FUNDAMENTAL ROLES OF IS IN BUSINESS

Support of business Support of decision- Support of strategies


processes and making by employees for competitive
operations and managers advantage
THE FUNDAMENTAL ROLES OF IS IN BUSINESS
RETAIL STORE - EXAMPLE

Support of business Support of decision- Support of strategies


processes and making by employees for competitive
operations and managers advantage

Computer-based information systems to Help store managers and other business Gaining a strategic advantage over
professionals make better decisions about competitors requires the innovative
Help employees application of information technologies
Record customer purchases What lines of merchandise need to be
Keep track of inventory added or discontinued Store management might make a
Pay employees What kind of investments they require decision to install touch-screen kiosks in
Buy new merchandise Which products are high in demand all stores, with links to the e-commerce
Evaluate sales trends Customer profiling & targeting Web site for online shopping
TYPES OF IS
TYPES OF IS
Transaction Enterprise
Process Control
Processing Collaboration
Systems
Systems Systems
ATM (Automated Teller Machines) Google Workspace
Control of Industrial Processes
Order processing systems Slack, Jira, Trello
Electronic sensors
Airline seat reservation system Quickbooks

Management
Decision Executive
Information
Support Information
System
Systems Systems
CRMs (Salesforce, Hubspot, Zoho)
ERPs (SAP ERP, Microsoft GPS route planning
Digital Dashboards
Dynamics 365) Crop planning
Visualization tools
SCMs (Oracle) Medical Diagnosis
TRENDS IN IS
Management Information Systems (MIS)
1960s Transaction processing, record keeping, accounting, and otherr electronic data processing
(EDP) applications, the processing of all these data into useful, informative reports

Decision Support Systems (DSS)


1970s
To provide managers with ad hoc, interactive support of their decision-making processes

1980s End-user computing, Executive information systems (EIS)

Breakthroughs in the development and application of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques


to business information systems
1980s Expert systems (ES), Strategic Information Systems (SIS).
IT an integral component of business processes, products, and services that help a
company gain a competitive advantage in the global marketplace

Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems.


Organization-specific form of a strategic information system integrates all facets of a firm,
1990s including its planning, manufacturing, sales, resource, management, customer relations,
inventory control, order tracking, financial management, human resources, and marketing—
virtually every business function
THE ROLE OF e-BUSINESS IN BUSINESS

We are also entering an era where a fundamental role for IS is


business intelligence (BI)
BI refers to all applications and technologies in the organization
that are focused on the gathering and analysis of data and
information that can be used to drive strategic business decisions.
Through the use of BI technologies and processes, organizations
can gain valuable insight into the key elements and factors—both
internal and external—that affect their business and
competitiveness in the marketplace. BI relies on sophisticated
metrics and analytics to “see into the data” and find relationships
and opportunities that can be turned into profits
THE ROLE OF e-BUSINESS IN BUSINESS

Intranet Enterprise Extranet


collaboration systems
E-Business is the use of Internet technologies to work and
empower business processes, e-commerce, and enterprise
collaboration within a company and with its customers,
suppliers, and other business stakeholders

Enterprise collaboration systems involve the use of software


tools to support communication, coordination, and
collaboration among the members of networked teams and
workgroups

E-commerce is the buying, selling, marketing, and servicing of


products, services, and information over a variety of computer
networks
Tech Tools &
News of the
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Text Book: Chap 1

Pg 6-8 (till The Fundamental Roles of IS in Business)


Pg 11 (The Role of e-Business in Business) - 16
Pg 18, 23
THANKS!

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