7-Supervision (1) HHK

Supervision
Prepared by:
Samah Reda
Mona Shehata
Kawther Abo Dief
Supervised by:
Dr. Azza Elazab
Objectives :
 Discuss the introduction of supervision
 Identify supervision
 Identify supervisor , professional supervision ,clinical supervision
 Explain Objective of supervision
 List benefits of supervision
 Enumerate Components of supervision
 List types /levels of supervision
 Mention principles of supervision
 Mention Management skills required for all supervisor
 Discuss supervision process
 Discuss techniques of supervision
 Supervisor responsibilities:
 Mention difference between mentoring and supervision
Outlines :
 Introduction
 Definition of supervision
 Major concept of supervisor , professional supervision, clinical
supervision
 Objective of supervision
 Benefits of supervision
 Components of supervision
 types /levels of supervision
 Mention principles of supervision
 Management skills required for all supervisor
 supervision process
 techniques of supervision
 Supervisor responsibilities
 Difference between mentoring and supervision
 References
Introduction :
Supervision is a Latin word super means (from the above)and
vision means (to see). In ordinary sense of the term,
Supervision means overseeing the activities of others,
In management supervision means overseeing the subordinates
at work with authority and with an aim to guide the employees,
if he doing wrong.
supervision and related concept :
 Supervisor: Is a suitably qualified and experienced registed

nurses who supervise an individual undertaking an approved
period of supervised practice.
 Supervision: Is the active process of directing, guiding and
influencing the outcome of an individual’s performance of an
activity or task.
For example, the nurse manager directs the staff member to
administer a blood transfusion to a patient and observes
whether or not the patient received the transfusion
 Guidance and monitoring of activities of health personnel to
ensure an acceptable level of performance.
 Provision of guidance or direction ,oversight ,
evaluation and follow-up by the licensed nurse for
accomplishment of a delegated nursing task by assistive
personnel.
Professional supervision:
A formal process that provides professional support to enable
practitioners to develop their knowledge, competence and
promote service .
Clinical supervision:
Is a term used to describe supervision focused on clinical
practices .
Objective of supervision:
 For supervision
 Help them to do their job skillfully and effectively.

 Improve individual capacity to the fullest extent.
 Motivate employee with increase moral.
 To insure effectiveness of the supervisee.
 Guide and/ or assist her/his staff to meet predetermined work objective
or target.
 Help her staff to learn.
 Recognize work problems, identify the solution and take action.
 Develop team sprite and promote team work for effective function.
 To improve attitude of her team member toward the work.
 For organization
 Improve productivity through maximizing output with minimum resource

and costs.
 Bringing the gap between the workers goal and the organizational goal by
providing guidance in the right direction.
Benefits of supervision :
 Improved worker retention.
 Improved motivation and commitment to the organization.
 Maintenance of clinical skills and quality practice.
 Improved communication among workers.
 Increased job satisfaction.
 Identification of strengths in nursing practice.
 Nursing leadership development.
Components of supervision
1- Inspection
Inspecting another's work.
2- Evaluation
Evaluating and appraising nurses’ performance.
3- Correct and improve nurses’ performance.
4- Oriented with criteria need for judging the quality of work processes such
as job description standard and performance standards to provide such
evaluation criteria.
Types of supervision :
Supervision may be direct or indirect
 Direct /Onsitesupervision
In which the nurse is physically present or immediately available while the activity
is being performed . Supervision generally occurs in the acute care or ambulatory
care setting where the RN is immediately available.
 Indirect /Offsite supervision

In which the nurse has the ability to provide direction through various means of
written , verbal and electronic communication. It may occur in home health
practice , community setting and long term care facilities.
Principles of supervision
A -It should focus on improvement of the work and up-grading of the staff
members.
B -It should respect the individuality of the staff members.
C -It should be based on the need of the individual worker, which has been
cooperatively determined.
D -It should cooperatively plan objectives, methods of supervision and criteria for
judging success in the attainment of goals between worker and supervisor.
E -It should consider the experience, ability and intelligence of the staff member
and the existing situation.
F -It should stimulate the staff to continuous self- improvement.

Management skills required for all supervisor
-Technical skills:
They are the specialized knowledge and expertise used to carry out particular
techniques or procedures.
-Human relations skills:
Supervisors have to be able to work effectively with other people and possess
human resources which include the ability to communicate with , motivate and
understand other people .
-Administrative skills:
Refer to knowledge about the organization and how it works , the planning ,
organizing and controlling function of supervision .
-Conceptual skills:
The ability to see the relation of the parts to the whole and to one another
-Decision making skills:
The ability to analyze information and reach good decisions
-Knowledge skills:
The ability to utilize E- mail , voice mail ,fax internet to manage and distribute
continuous streams of data
Techniques of supervision:
[A] Observation:
 supervision process.
 Observation of patient occurs during patient round, during giving
and receiving report and after all the care has been given.
 The supervisor may simply observe the nurse during making care of
one or more patients.
Observation technique:
 Learn to see what to look at:
 Have same ideas about what to look for before you begin your
observation.
 Consider each person as an individual.
 Try to be objective.
 Look for relationships between what you see.
(B) Learn to listen:

 Learn to listen to what others are saying. This includes listening for
what is not said. People tend to omit those ideas which make them
uncomfortable. So group feeling is stimulated when each member feels
to offer suggestions, knowledge that you will give them thoughtful
consideration.
Steps of Supervision process :-
1- Preparation for supervision :-

- study of documents ( manpower – technical specification )
- Identification of priority for supervision
- Preparation of supervision schedule
2- Supervision :-
- Establish contacts ( which persons you need to interact regularly )
- Review objectives, targets and norms.
- Review job description.
- Observe staff motivation.
- Observe any actual or potential conflict.
3- Follow up of supervision :-
- Recognize time table, work plan, duty roster.
- Organize in service training program / continuing education programs.
- Initiate change in logistic support or supply system.
- Initiate actions for organizing staff welfare activities.
- Counseling and guidance regarding career development and professional
growth.
- Supervisor responsibilities:
1- Giving managers timely and accurate information for planning.
2- Keep the manager informed out the department's performance.
3- Building employee morale.
4- Giving the employees clear instructions and making sure they understand
their jobs.
5- Look for problems and try to correct them before employees' performance
deteriorates further.
6- Treat the employees fairly and to speak up for their interests to top
management.
7- Cooperating with co-workers in other departments.
8- Listen with an open mind when co-workers in other departments make
suggestions about improving the way things are done.
Difference between mentoring and supervision
Mentoring Supervision
Definition Providing guidance, support and Overseeing
sometimes advice for the benefit to help performance, giving
make transition or change or to assist feedback and
professional development. supporting professional
Roles  Supporter  Instructor
 Guide  Expert
 Advisor  Facilitator
 Protector  Trainer
 Collaborator  Assessor and help
 Evaluator
 Facilitator
colleague
Reference
Allyson Davys, L. B. (2020). Best Practice in Professional Supervision, A Guide

for the Helping Professions. Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
G.Sigamany, M. (2019). Nursing Service administration. Mumbai: wolters kluwer.
Nasser, R. '. (2022). ‫ العنوان‬Identity in Supervision: Understanding Who Works for

You and Who You Work for in Higher Education (Vol. 341). IAP, 2023.
Walker, J. R. (2020). Supervision in the Hospitality Industry (Vol. 400). John

Wiley & Sons, 2020.
Mueller, C., & Vogelsmeier, A. (2017). Effective delegation: Understanding

responsibility, authority and accountability. Journal of Nursing Regulation, 4 (3),
20–27.

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Supervision

supervision and related concept :

 Supervisor: Is a suitably qualified and experienced registed

 Help them to do their job skillfully and effectively.

 Improve productivity through maximizing output with minimum resource

 Indirect /Offsite supervision

B -It should respect the individuality of the staff members.

F -It should stimulate the staff to continuous self- improvement.

-Human relations skills:

-Decision making skills:

The ability to analyze information and reach good decisions

(B) Learn to listen:

1- Preparation for supervision :-

3- Building employee morale.

Allyson Davys, L. B. (2020). Best Practice in Professional Supervision, A Guide

G.Sigamany, M. (2019). Nursing Service administration. Mumbai: wolters kluwer.

Nasser, R. '. (2022). ‫ العنوان‬Identity in Supervision: Understanding Who Works for

Walker, J. R. (2020). Supervision in the Hospitality Industry (Vol. 400). John

Mueller, C., & Vogelsmeier, A. (2017). Effective delegation: Understanding

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