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25 views4 pages

CH 5

Uploaded by

Umasianawabzada
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Grade 9th physics

Book: Model book (National foundation)


CH# 5: Pressure and deformation in solids
By: Umar Khitab Physics teacher at PIHSS
MCQS
1: D 2: A 3: A 4: B 5: D 6: C 7: D 8: A 9: B
10: C 11: D 12: 2450 kPa 13: B 14: A 15: C

Short questions:
Ans 1: I will feel more pressure when I jump up and down on trampoline as compared to standing
on trampoline. Since, for jumping I have to apply greater pressure and force (as an action) on
trampoline. As we know from Newton’s third law of motion that trampoline will exert greater
pressure and force (as a reaction) on me.
Pressure changes with movement because in case of movement force is exerted by one leg (smaller
area) while in case of standing force is exerted by two leg (greater area). As we know that pressure
is inversely related with area.

Ans 2: The small surface area of thumb pin helps it to penetrates surfaces easily. As we know that
pressure is inversely proportion to surface area. Smaller the surface area greater will be the pressure
and vice versa.
Mathematically we can write as
1
P∝𝐴 where P is pressure and A is surface area.

Ans 3: The balloon stay inflated because of internal pressure of gas molecules even though I
stopped blowing. As we know that because of thermal energy the gas molecules will continuous
move and will exert normal force per unit area on boundary of balloon. That will keep the balloon
inflated. While if we cool the balloon we can observe the decrease in volume of balloon.

Ans 4: Because of pressure difference an inner air tight layer of space suit is needed for astronaut.
As we know that atmospheric pressure decreases with altitude. So, in space atmospheric pressure
(outer pressure) will be smaller as compared to inner pressure of an astronaut. Because of high
internal pressure the astronaut body may blast. Therefore, space suit is needed for astronaut.
Ans 5: The height of liquid (having density twice as compared to the density of mercury) column
in barometer can be find by using the following equations.
𝜌𝑚 ℎ𝑜
= ……(i) where 𝜌𝑜 is density of object, 𝜌𝑚 is density of mercury, ℎ𝑚 is height of
𝜌0 ℎ𝑚
mercury in barometer and ℎ𝑜 is height of object in barometer.
𝜌𝑚
Eq. (i) gives, ℎ𝑜 = × ℎ𝑚 ….(ii) by putting values in eq. (ii)
𝜌0

13600
ℎ𝑜 = 2×13600 × (0.76) = 0.38 m. Which is equal to half of mercury height in barometer.

Ans 6: We wouldn’t be able to sip water with straw on moon because of very low (or no)
atmospheric pressure on the surface of moon. As we know that moon has very small value of g
(gravitational acceleration). Because of that moon cannot hold the atmosphere and hence cannot
exert more atmospheric pressure as compared to earth or other heavy planet.

Ans 7: We are able to break a metal wire by repeated bending. Because, repeated bending provides
continuous stress that produce continuous strain and the molecules rub over one another. The
rubbing produce heat energy. That heat energy breaks the bonding between the molecules and
hence help in breaking of metal wire.

Ans 8: Its spring constant (k) will become 2k i.e. double of initial value. As we know that spring
constant is inversely proportion to the original length of spring.
1
i.e. k∝ 𝐿

So, halving the length (dividing into two equal parts) will increase the k by factor of 2.

Ans 9: A static fluid will always exert a force perpendicular to the surface of container because
atmosphere will exert pressure on fluid. From Pascale’s law we know that pressure exerted on
enclosed fluid will distribute equally in all direction. So, the fluid will exert a perpendicular
(normal) force on surface of container as well as on the bottom of container.

Ans 10: A small car lifter can lift a load heavier than its weight by using Pascale’s law. A force
F1 is applied on enclosed fluid having area A1. On the lifting side we need more force therefore
we kept the area greater. As we know that lifting force (F2) is directly proportional to the area of
lifting side (A2) and inversely proportional the area of other side.
𝐴2
i.e. F2 = ( 𝐴1 ) × 𝐹1
Numerical problems
Problem 1: Given data
Spring constant = k = 8000 N/m
Force = F = 500 N
Displacement = x =?

Sol: As we know that 𝐹 = 𝑘. 𝑥


𝐹 500
𝑥=𝑘= = 0.0625 m = 6.25 cm
8000

Problem 2: Given data


Diameter of small piston = d1= 15cm = 0.15 m, radius of small piston = r1= 0.15/2 = 0.075 m
Diameter of large piston = d2= 30 cm = 0.30 m, radius of large piston = r2 = 0.30/2 = 0.15 m
Force on small piston = F1= 250 N
Force on large piston = F2 =?

𝐴2
Sol: As we know that F2 = ( 𝐴1 ) × 𝐹1 as A= 𝜋 𝑟 2

𝜋 𝑟22 3.14 × (0.15)2


F2 = ( 𝜋 𝑟12 ) × 𝐹1 = ( 3.14 × (0.075)2 ) × (250) = 1000 N

Problem 3: Given data


Mass of car = m = 1000kg, weight of car = F2= 9800 N
radius of small piston = r1= 20 cm = 0.20 m
Force on small piston = F1 = 50 N
Radius of large piston = r2 =?
𝐹2 𝐹1
Sol: As we from Pascale’s law = ( 𝐴1 ) inverting both side
𝐴2
𝐴2 𝐴1
= ( 𝐹1 )
𝐹2
𝐴1
A2 = ( 𝐹1 ) × 𝐹2

𝜋 𝑟12
(𝜋 𝑟22 ) = ( ) × 𝐹2 cancelling 𝜋 from both side and taking square root.
𝐹1

𝑟12 (0.20)2
r2= √ 𝐹1 ) × 𝐹2 = √ ) × 9800 = 2.8 m = 280 cm
50

Problem 4: Given data


Height = h= 70 cm = 0.70 m
𝑘𝑔
Density of water = 𝜌 = 1000 𝑚3

Pressure = p =?

Sol: As we know that


p = 𝜌gh
p = 1000x 9.8x 0.70 = 6860 Pa = 6.86 kPa

Problem 5: Given data


Force = F =?
Area = A = 20 𝑐𝑚2 = 0.002 𝑚2
Pressure = p = 4500 Pa

Sol: As we know that


P = F/A
F = p. A = 0.002 x 4500 = 9 N

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