Daily Practice Problem Sheet 129

TOPIC - MODERN PHYSICS

1. The lowest frequency of light that will cause the emission of the metal is (h = Planck’s constant, c = velocity of light in air)
photoelectrons from the surface of a metal (for which work (a) 2 hc  10 6 J (b) 1 . 5 hc  10 6 J
function is 1.65 eV) will be
(c) hc  10 6 J (d) 0 . 5 hc  10 6 J
(a) 4  10 10 Hz (b) 4  10 11 Hz
8. The work functions of metals A and B are in the ratio 1 : 2. If
(c) 4  10 14 Hz (d) 4  1010 Hz
light of frequencies f and 2f are incident on the surfaces of A
2. Light of two different frequencies whose photons have and B respectively, the ratio of the maximum kinetic energies
energies 1 eV and 2.5 eV respectively, successively of photoelectrons emitted is (f is greater than threshold
illuminates a metal of work function 0.5 eV. The ratio of frequency of A, 2f is greater than threshold frequency of B)
maximum kinetic energy of the emitted electron will be (a) 1 : 1 (b) 1 : 2 (c) 1 : 3 (d) 1 : 4
(a) 1 : 5 (b) 1 : 4 (c) 1 : 2 (d) 1 : 1
9. When a point source of monochromatic light is at a distance
3. Photoelectric emission is observed from a metallic surface of 0.2m from a photoelectric cell, the cut-off voltage and the
for frequencies  1 and  2 of the incident light rays saturation current are 0.6 volt and 18 mA respectively. If the
same source is placed 0.6 m away from the photoelectric cell,
( 1   2 ) . If the maximum values of kinetic energy of the
then
photoelectrons emitted in the two cases are in the ratio of 1
(a) The stopping potential will be 0.2 V
: k, then the threshold frequency of the metallic surface is
(b) The stopping potential will be 0.6 V
1  2 k1   2
(a) (b)
k 1 k 1 (c) The saturation current will be 6 mA
k 2 1   1 (d) The saturation current will be 18 mA
(c) (d) 2
k 1 k 1
10. In a photoemissive cell with exciting wavelength  , the fastest
4. Light of frequency 8  10 15 Hz is incident on a substance
electron has speed v. If the exciting wavelength is changed
of photoelectric work function 6.125 eV. The maximum kinetic
to 3 / 4 , the speed of the fastest emitted electron will be
energy of the emitted photoelectrons is
(a) 17 eV (b) 22 eV (c) 27 eV (d) 37 eV (a) v (3 / 4 )1 / 2 (b) v (4 / 3)1 / 2
(c) Less then v (4 / 3)1/ 2 (d) Greater then v (4 / 3)1/ 2
5. A photo cell is receiving light from a source placed at a
distance of 1 m. If the same source is to be placed at a 11. The minimum wavelength of X-rays produced in a coolidge
distance of 2 m, then the ejected electron tube operated at potential difference of 40 kV is
(a) Moves with one-fourth energy as that of the initial energy (a) 0.31Å (b) 3.1Å (c) 31Å (d) 311Å
(b) Moves with one fourth of momentum as that of the initial
12. The X-ray wavelength of L line of platinum (Z = 78) is
momentum
1.30Å. The X –ray wavelength of L line of Molybdenum
(c) Will be half in number
(Z = 42) is
(d) Will be one-fourth in number
(a) 5.41Å (b) 4.20Å (c) 2.70Å (d) 1.35 Å
6. When yellow light incident on a surface no electrons are
emitted while green light can emit. If red light is incident on 13. The cut off wavelength of continuous X-ray from two
the surface then coolidge tubes operating at 30 kV but using different tar-
(a) No electrons are emitted get materials (molybdenum Z= 42 and tungsten Z = 74) are
(b) Photons are emitted (a) 1Å, 3Å (b) 0.3 Å, 0.2 Å
(c) Electrons of higher energy are emitted
(c) 0.414 Å, 0.8 Å (d) 0.414 Å, 0.414 Å
(d) Electrons of lower energy are emitted
14. The ratio of areas within the electron orbits for the first
7. When a metal surface is illuminated by light of wavelengths excited state to the ground state for hydrogen atom is
400 nm and 250 nm the maximum velocities of the photoelec- (a) 16 : 1 (b) 18 : 1 (c) 4 : 1 (d) 2 : 1
trons ejected are v and 2v respectively. The work function of
15. The electric potential between a proton and an electron is (a) 13.6 eV (b) 3.4 eV (c) 12.09 eV (d) 1.51 eV

r 18. If the binding energy of the electron in a hydrogen atom is

given by V  V0 ln r , where r0 is a constant. Assuming 13.6 eV, the energy required to remove the electron from the
0
first excited state of Li   is
Bohr’s model to be applicable, write variation of rn with n, n
(a)122.4 eV (b) 30.6 eV (c) 13.6 eV (d) 3.4 eV
being the principal quantum number
(a) rn  n (b) rn  1 / n 19. The ratio of the wavelengths for 2  1 transition in Li++, He+
and H is
(c) rn  n 2 (d) rn  1 / n 2
(a) 1 : 2 : 3 (b) 1 : 4 : 9 (c) 4 : 9 : 36 (d) 3 : 2 : 1
16. The innermost orbit of the hydrogen atom has a diameter
20. Energy E of a hydrogen atom with principal quantum number
1.06 Å. The diameter of tenth orbit is
13 . 6
(a) 5.3 Å (b) 10.6 Å (c) 53 Å (d) 106 Å n is given by E  eV . The energy of a photon ejected
n2
17. Energy of the electron in nth orbit of hydrogen atom is given when the electron jumps n = 3 state to n = 2 state of hydrogen
13 . 6 is approximately
by En   eV . The amount of energy needed to transfer
(a) 1.9 eV (b) 1.5 eV (c) 0.85 eV (d)3.4 eV
n2
electron from first orbit to third orbit is

ANSWER KEY
1. (C) 2. (B) 3. (B) 4. (C) 5. (D) 6. (A)

7. (A) 8. (B) 9. (B) 10. (D) 11. (A) 12. (A)

13. (D) 14. (A) 15. (A) 16. (D) 17. (C) 18. (B)

19. (C) 20. (A)

 Daily Practice Problem Sheet 129
TOPIC - MODERN PHYSICS
1. (c) hc 1
 W0  m (2v) 2 ……(ii)
12375 12375 250  10 9 2
Threshold wavelength  0  W (eV )  1 . 65  7500 Å.
0 From equation (i) and (ii) W0  2 hc  10 6 J .
 so minimum frequency
8. (b)
c 3  10 8
0   10
 4  10 14 Hz . By using E  W0  K max  E A  hf  W A  K A
0 7500  10
and EB  h (2 f )  WB  K B
2. (b)
1 WA  K A
By using K max  E  W0 So,  ……(i) also it is given that
2 WB  K B
(K max )1 1  0 .5 0.5 1 WA 1
 (K    . 
max ) 2 2 .5  0 .5 2 4 WB 2 ……..(ii)

3. (b) KA 1
From equation (i) and (ii) we get K  2 .
By using h   h  0  k max  h( 1   0 )  k 1 and B

h( 1   0 )  k 2 9. (b)
1  0 k1 1 k 1   2 1
Hence     k  k  0  Photoelectric current (i)  Intensity  . If
2 0 2 k 1 (distance) 2
distance becomes 0.6 m (i.e. three times) so current becomes
4. (c)
Energy of incident photon 1
times i.e. 2mA.Also stopping potential is independent of
9
E  h  6.6  10 34  8  1015  5.28  10 18 J  33 eV.
intensity i.e. it remains 0.6 V.
From E  W0  K max  K max  E  W0  33  6.125
10. (d)
 26.87 eV  27 eV.
1 2 2 E 2W0
From E  W0  mv max  v max  
5. (d) 2 m m
1 hc
Number of photons Intensity  2 (where E  )
(distance) 
2 2 3
N1  d2  N1  2  N1 If wavelength of incident light charges from  to
       N2  . 4
N 2  d 1  N2 1  4
(decreases)
Let energy of incident light charges from E to E' and
6. (a)
speed of fastest electron changes from v to v  then
 Green   Yellow   Red
2 E 2W0
According to the question  Green is the maximum v  …..(i) and
m m
wavelength for which photoelectric emission takes place.
2 E' 2W0
Hence no emission takes place with red light. v'   …….(ii)
m m
7. (a) 1 4
As E   E'  E hence
hc 1  3
By using E  W0  K max   W0  mv 2
 2 4 
2 E
hc 1  3  2W0
v'  
9
 W0  mv 2 ……(i) and m m
400  10 2
 1/2
2W0 The force will provide the necessary centripetal force. Hence
4 2E
v'     1/2
 3 m 4 mv 2 eV 0 eV 0
m   v …..(i) and
3 r r m
nh
2E 2W0 mvr  …..(ii)
1/2 X    v 2
4 m 1/2
 v'    4
3 m 
3  nh  m
Dividing equation (ii) by (i) we have mr   2  eV
  0
1/2
4 or r  n
so v '    v.
3
16. (d)
11. (a) 2 2
r2  n 2  d 2  n2 
Using r  n     or
2  
 min 
12375
 0.309Å  0.31 Å r1  n1  d 1  n1 
40  103
2
12. (a) d2  10 
     d = 106 Å
The wave length of L line is given by 1 . 06  1 

1  1 1  1 17. (c)
 R(z  7 .4 )2  2  2    
 2 3  (z  7 . 4 )2 13 . 6
Using E   eV
2 2
n2
1 (z 2  7 .4 ) 1 .30 (42  7 .4 )
  2
  13 . 6
2 (z1  7 .4 ) 2 (78  7 .4 )2 For n = 1 , E1   13 . 6 eV and for n = 3
12
 2  5 . 41 Å .
13 . 6
E3    1 . 51 eV
13. (d) 32
Cut off wavelength of continuous X-rays depends solely So required energy
on the voltage applied and does not depend on the  E 3  E1  1 . 51  (13 .6 )  12 .09 eV
material of the target. Hence the two tubes will have the
18. (b)
same cut off wavelength.
13 . 6  Z 2
hc Using E n   eV
Ve  h   or n2

For first excited state n = 2 and for Li   , Z = 3
hc 6.627 1034  3 108
  m  414 1010 m  0.414 Å. 13 .6 13 .6  9
Ve 30 103 1.6 1019  E 2
 32    30 .6 eV .
2 4
14. (a) Hence, remove the electron from the first excited state of Li  
For a hydrogen atom
be 30.6 eV
r12 n14 r12 n14
Radius r  n 2  2  4  2  4 19. (c)
r2 n2 r2 n2
1 2
 1 1  1
A1 n14 2 4
A 16 Using   RZ  n 2  n 2  
 16  1   1  Z2
 A   2
2 n 24 1 4 A2 1
1 1 1
15. (a)   Li :  He :  H  : :  4 : 9 : 36

9 4 1
r
Potential energy U  eV  eV 0 ln r 20. (a)
0
 1 1 5
dU eV E  13.6  2  2   13.6   1.9 eV
 Force F    0 . 2 3  36
dr r
.
 ANSWER KEY
1. (C) 2. (B) 3. (B) 4. (C) 5. (D) 6. (A)

7. (A) 8. (B) 9. (B) 10. (D) 11. (A) 12. (A)

13. (D) 14. (A) 15. (A) 16. (D) 17. (C) 18. (B)

19. (C) 20. (A)