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MUCLecture 2022 51058312

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11 views4 pages

MUCLecture 2022 51058312

Uploaded by

alsamanisust
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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1

Fluid mechanic / Second Year


Dr. Abdulkareem A. Wahab

Problems of chapter Four

Problem 4.1 /

The diameter of the pipe at the section 1 and 2 are 10 cm and 15 cm


respectively. Find the discharge through the pipe , if the velocity of water flowing
through the pipe at section 1 is 5 m/s. Determine also the velocity at section 2.

Solution :

𝝅 𝒅𝟐𝟏 𝝅 ( 𝟎.𝟏)𝟐
Discharge ( Q ) = A1 V1 = × 𝑽𝟏 = × 𝟓 = 0.039 m3/ s
𝟒 𝟒

Discharge ( Q ) = A2 V2
𝑸 𝟎.𝟎𝟑𝟗
V2 = = 𝝅(𝟎.𝟏𝟓)𝟐
= 2.22 m / s
𝑨𝟐
𝟒

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Problem 4.2 /

A 30 cm diameter pipe , conveying water , branches into two pipes of


diameters 20 cm and 15 cm respectively. If the average velocity in the 30 cm
diameter pipe is 2.5 m/s , find the discharge in this pipe , also determine the
velocity in 15 cm pipe if the average velocity in 20 cm diameter pipe is 2 m/s .
2

Solution :

𝝅 (𝟎.𝟑)𝟐
Discharge ( Q1 ) in pipe 1 = A1 V1 = × 2.5 = 0.1767 m3 /s
𝟒

𝝅( 𝟎.𝟐)𝟐
Q2 = A2 V2 = × 2 = 0.0628 m3 / s
𝟒

Q1 = Q2 + Q3

Q3 = Q1 - Q2 = 0.1767 – 0.0628 = 0.1139 m2 / s

Q3 = A3 V3
𝑸𝟑 𝟎.𝟏𝟏𝟑𝟗
V3 = = 𝝅( 𝟎.𝟏𝟓)𝟐
= 6.44 m /s
𝑨𝟑
𝟒

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Problem 4.3 /

A 25 cm diameter pipe carries oil of sp.gr. 0.9 at a velocity of 3 m/s . At


another section the diameter is 20 cm. Find the velocity at this section and also
mass rate of flow of oil .

Solution :

Q = A1 V1 = A2 V2
𝝅
𝑨𝟏 𝑽 𝟏 ×( 𝟎.𝟐𝟓)𝟐 ×𝟑
𝟒
V2 = = 𝝅 = 4.68 m /s
𝑨𝟐 ( 𝟎.𝟐 )𝟐
𝟒

𝝅
Mass rate of flow of oil ( ṁ ) = ρ A1 V1 = 0.9 × 1000 × ×( 0.25 )2× 3
𝟒

= 132.23 kg / s
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Problem 4.4/

A jet of water from a 25 mm diameter nozzle is directed vertically upwards.


Assuming that the jet remains circular and neglecting any loss of energy, that
will be the diameter at a point 4.5 m above the nozzle, if the velocity with which
the jet leaves the nozzle is 12 m/s .
3

Solution :

Initial velocity( V1) = 12 m /s

Final velocity ( V2 )

But , ( Δ V )2 = 2 g h ( opposite free fall equation )

𝑽𝟐𝟐 - 𝑽𝟐𝟏 = 2 g h

𝑽𝟐𝟐 - 12 = 2 ( - 9.81 ) × 4.5


2

V2 = 7.46 m /s

Q = A1V1 = A2 V2
𝝅
𝑨𝟏 𝑽 𝟏 ×𝟎.𝟎𝟐𝟓𝟐 ×𝟏𝟐
𝟒
A2 = = = 0.0007896 m2
𝑽𝟐 𝟕.𝟒𝟔

𝝅 𝑫𝟐𝟐 𝟒 𝑨𝟐 𝟒 ×𝟎.𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟕𝟖𝟗𝟔
A2 = , D2 = = = 31.7 mm
𝟒 𝝅 𝝅

____________________________________________________________________

Problem 4.5 /

Which of the following velocity fields satisfies continuity equation ?

( A ) u = 4xy + y2 , v = 6xy + 3x

𝝏𝒖 𝝏𝒗
To satisfy the continuity equation : + =0
𝝏𝒙 𝝏𝒚

𝝏𝒖 𝝏𝒗
= 4y , = 6x
𝝏𝒙 𝝏𝒚
4

4y + 6x = 0 , Therefore , it does not satisfy continuity equation .


( B ) u = 2x2 + y2 , v = - 4xy

Solution :
𝝏𝒖 𝝏𝒗
= 4x , = - 4x
𝝏𝒙 𝝏𝒚

4x + ( - 4 x ) = 0 , Therefore , it does satisfy continuity equation .

( C ) u = 2x2 – x y + z2 , v = x2 -4xy + y2 , w = -2xy –y z + y2

Solution :
𝝏𝒖 𝝏𝒗 𝝏𝒘
= 4x - y , = -4x + 2y , = -y
𝝏𝒙 𝝏𝒚 𝝏𝒛

4x – y + ( -4 x + 2y ) + ( - y ) = 0

4x -y - 4x + 2 y - y =0

4x - 2 y - 4x + 2y = 0 , Therefore , it does satisfy continuity .

0=0

‫أي أن الجريان يحقق معادلة األستمراريه‬

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