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Class 11th NEET

THERMODYNAMICS
Zeroth law of thermodynamics, Heat, work and internal energy,
First law of thermodynamics,

1. The first law of thermodynamics is based on:– 5. When a system is taken from state ‘a’ to state ‘b’
(1) Law of conservation of energy along the path ‘acb’, it is found that a quantity of
(2) Law of conservation of mechanical energy heat Q = 200 J is absorbed by the system and a
(3) Law of conservation of gravitational P.E. work W = 80 J is done by it. Along the path ‘adb’,
(4) None of the above Q = 144 J. If the work done on the system along
the curved path ‘ba’ is 52 J, heat absorbed is
2. In a process, 500 calories of heat is given to a
system and at the same time 100 joules of work is
done on the system. The increase in the internal
energy of the system is :-
(1) 40 calories
(2) 1993 joules
(1) –140 J (2) –172 J
(3) 2193 joules
(3) 140 J (4) 172 J
(4) 82 calories
6. When a system is taken from state ‘a’ to state ‘b’
3. In a thermodynamic process pressure of a fixed along the path ‘acb’, it is found that a quantity of
mass of a gas is changed in such a manner that the heat Q = 200 J is absorbed by the system and a
gas releases 20 joules of heat and 8 joules of work work W = 80 J is done by it. Along the path ‘adb’,
was done on the gas. If the initial internal energy Q = 144 J. If Ua = 40 J, value of Ub will be
of the gas was 30 joules, then the final internal
energy will be:-
(1) 2 J (2) 42 J
(3) 18 J (4) 58 J

4. When a system is taken from state ‘a’ to state ‘b’

along the path ‘acb’, it is found that a quantity of (1) – 50 J (2) 100 J
heat Q = 200 J is absorbed by the system and a (3) –120 J (4) 160 J
work W = 80 J is done by it. Along the path ‘adb’,
Q = 144 J. The work done along the path ‘adb’ is 7. When a system is taken from state ‘a’ to state ‘b’
along the path ‘acb’, it is found that a quantity of
heat Q = 200 J is absorbed by the system and a
work W = 80 J is done by it. Along the path ‘adb’,
Q = 144 J. If Ud = 88 J, and Ub = 160 J heat
absorbed for the path ‘db’ is

(1) 6 J (2) 12 J
(3) 18 J (4) 24 J

(1) –72 J (2) 72 J

(3) 144 J (4) –144 J
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8. 1 kg of a gas does 20 kJ of work and receives 16 P −P 

2

kJ of heat when it is expanded between two states. (1)   2 1 

 2 
A second kind of expansion can be found between
 V −V 
2
the same initial and final state which requires a
(2)   2 1 
heat input of 9 kJ. The work done by the gas in the  2 
second expansion is: 
(1) 32 kJ (2) 5 kJ (3) (P2 – P1)(V2 – V1)
4
(3) – 4 kJ (4) 13 kJ
(4)  (P2V2 – P1V2)

9. As shown in the figure the amount of heat

11. If amount of heat supplied is Q, work done is W
absorbed along the path ABC is 90 J and the
and change in internal energy is mCV dT, then
amount of work done by the system is 30 J. If the
relation among them is. (Cv = gram specific heat)
amount of work done along the path ADC is 20 J
(1) mCV dT = Q + W
then amount of heat absorbed will be :-
(2) Q = W + mCV dT
(3) Q + mCV dT = W
(4) None of these.

12. When temperature of a gas, contained in closed

vessel is increased by 5°C, its pressure increases
by 1%. The original temperature of the gas was
(1) 80 J (2) 90 J
approximately :
(3) 110 J (4) 120 J
(1) 500°C (2) 273°C
(3) 227°C (4) 50°C
10. In a cyclic process shown on the P–V diagram, the
magnitude of the work done is :
13. 250 litre of an ideal gas is heated at constant
pressure from 27°C such that its volume becomes
500 liters. The final temperature is :
(1) 54°C (2) 300°C
(3) 327°C (4) 600°C

Thermodynamic processes (Isochoric, isobaric, isothermal, adiabatic, polytropic),

14. For a gas Cv = 4.96 cal/mole K, the increase in 15. When a system changes from one to another state
internal energy of 2 mole gas in heating from 340 the value of work done :-
K to 342 K will be :- (1) Depends on the force acting on the system
(1) 27.80 cal (2) Depends on the nature of material present in
(2) 19.84 cal a system
(3) Does not depend on the path
(3) 13.90 cal
(4) Depends on the path
(4) 9.92 cal
16. If the heat of 110 J is added to a gaseous system
and change in internal energy is 40 J, then the
amount of external work done is :
(1) 180 J (2) 70 J
(3) 110 J (4) 30 J
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17. The temperature of 5 moles of a gas which was 22. A vessel contains an ideal monoatomic gas which
held at constant volume was changed from 100°C expands at constant pressure, when heat Q is
to 120°C. The change in internal energy was given to it. Then the work done in expansion is :
found to be 80 joules. The total heat capacity of 3
the gas at constant volume will be equal to:- (1) Q (2) Q
5
(1) 8 J/K (2) 0.8 J/K
2 2
(3) 4.0 J/K (4) 0.4 J/K (3) Q (4)
5 3
18. Monoatomic, diatomic and triatomic gases whose
initial volume and pressure are same, are 23. For an adiabatic expansion of a perfect gas, the
compressed till their volume become half the value of P/P is equal to:-
initial volume. (1) –√ V/V (2) –V/V
(1) If the compression is adiabatic then
(3) – V/V (4) –2 V/V
monoatomic gas will have maximum final
pressure.
(2) If the compression is adiabatic then triatomic 24. An ideal gas at 27°C is compressed adiabatically
gas will have maximum final pressure. to 8/27 of its original volume. If  = 5/3, then the
(3) If the compression is adiabatic then their final rise in temperature is:
pressure will be same. (1) 450 K (2) 375 K
(4) If the compression is isothermal then their (3) 675 K (4) 405 K
final pressure will be different.
25. A perfect gas goes from state A to state B by
19. The specific heat of a gas at constant pressure is absorbing 8 × 105 joule and doing 6.5 × 105 joule
more than that of the same gas at constant volume of external work. If it is taken from same initial
because :- state A to final state B in another process in which
(1) Work is done in the expansion of gas at it absorbs 105 J of heat, then in the second process
constant pressure work done
(2) Work is done in the expansion of the gas at (1) On gas is 105 J
constant volume (2) On gas is 0.5 × 105 J
(3) The molecular attraction increase under (3) By gas is 105 J
constant pressure
(4) By gas is 0.5 × 105 J
(4) The vibration of molecules increases under
constant pressure
26. A certain amount of an ideal monatomic gas needs
20 J of heat energy to raise its temperature by
20. One mole of an ideal monoatomic gas is heated at
10°C at constant pressure. The heat needed for the
a constant pressure of one atmosphere from 0°C to
same temperature rise at constant volume will be
100°C. Then the change in the internal energy is
(1) 30 J (2) 12 J
(1) 20.80 × 102 J (2) 12.48 × 102 J
(3) 200 J (4) 215.3 J
(3) 832 × 102 J (4) 6.25 × 102 J

27. Two cylinders contain same amount of ideal

21. If an ideal gas is compressed during isothermal
monatomic gas. Same amount of heat is given to
process then :
two cylinders. If temperature rise in cylinder A is
(1) No work is done against gas T0 then temperature rise in cylinder B will be
(2) heat is rejected by gas
(3) It's internal energy will increase
(4) Pressure does not change
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(1) – 33°C (2) 0°C

(3) 21.6°C (4) 240°C

33. Specific heat of a gas undergoing adiabatic change

is:
(1) Zero
(2) Infinite
(3) Positive
4 (4) Negative
(1) T0 (2) 2T0
3
5 34. A quantity of air ( = 1.4) at 27°C is compressed
(3) T0/2 (4) T0 suddenly, the temperature of the air system will :
3
(1) Fall
(2) Rise
28. A sample of an ideal gas undergoes an isothermal
expansion. If dQ, dU and dW represent the amount (3) Remain unchanged
of heat supplied, the change in internal energy and (4) First rise and then fall
the work done respectively, then
(1) dQ = +ve, dU = +ve, dW = +ve 35. Graphs between P–V diagram for isothermal and
(2) dQ = +ve, dU = 0, dW = +ve adiabatic processes are drawn the relation between
(3) dQ = +ve, dU = +ve, dW = 0 their slopes will be:
(4) dQ = –ve, dU = –ve, dW = –ve (1) Slope of adiabatic curve =  (slope of
isothermal curve)
29. A mixture of gases at NTP for which  = 1.5 is (2) Slope of isothermal curve =  (slope of
adiabatic curve)
1 th
suddenly compressed to of its original (3) Slope of isothermal curve = slope of
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adiabatic curve
volume. The final temperature of mixture is
(4) Slope of adiabatic curve = 2 (slope of
(1) 300°C (2) 546°C
isothermal curve)
(3) 420°C (4) 872°C
36. 28 g of N2 gas is contained in a flask at a pressure
30. In which process P-V diagram is a straight line
10 atm. and at a temperature of 57°C. It is found
parallel to the volume axis?
that due to leakage in the flask, the pressure is
(1) Isochoric (2) Isobaric reduced to half and the temperature reduced to
(3) Isothermal (4) Adiabatic 27°C. The quantity of N2 gas that leaked out is –
(1) 11/20 g (2) 80/11 g
31. When a gas is adiabatically compressed then it's (3) 5/63 g (4) 63/5 g
temperature increase because:
(1) Work done is zero 37. During an experiment an ideal gas obeys an
(2) Internal energy is increased additional equation of state P2V = constant. The
(3) Heat is supplied to it initial temperature and volume of gas are T and V
(4) No change in pressure respectively. When it expands to volume 2V, then
its temperature will be:
32. Air is filled in a tube of the wheel of a car at 27°C (1) T (2) 2T
and 2 atm pressure if the tube is suddenly bursts,
the final temperature of air will be: (3) 2 T (4) 2 2 T
( = 1.5, 21/3 = 1.251)
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Indicator diagrams

38. The work by an ideal monoatomic gas along the

cyclic path LMNOL is

(1) 4J (2) 12J

(3) 18J (4) 6J

(1) PV (2) 2 PV 42. In the diagrams (i) to (iv) of variation of volume

(3) 3 PV (4) 4 PV
with changing pressure is shown. A gas is taken
39. A system is taken along the paths A and B as along the path ABCDA. The change in internal
shown. If the amounts of heat given in these energy of the gas will be:-
processes are QA and QB and change in internal
energy are UA and UB respectively then :-
(i) (ii)

(iii) (iv)
(1) QA = QB; UA < UB
(2) QA  QB; UA = UB
(3) QA < QB; UA > UB
(4) QA > QB; UA = UB (1) Positive in all cases (i) to (iv)
(2) Positive in cases (i), (ii) and (iii) but zero in
case (iv)
40. The work done by a gas taken through the closed
(3) Negative in cases (i), (ii) and (iii) but zero in
process ABCA is
case (iv)
(4) Zero in all the four cases

43. An ideal gas undergoes the process 1 → 2 as

shown in the figure, the heat supplied and work
done in the process is Q and W respectively.
The ratio Q : W is

(1) 6P0V0 (2) 4P0V0

(3) P0V0 (4) zero

41. In the given figure, the initial and final states of a (1)  :  – 1 (2) 
gas are shown by points i and f. The internal (3)  – 1 (4)  – 1 : 
energy of the gas at i is 10J. For the path iaf : dQ
= 50 J and dW = 20 J. For the path ibf, if dQ = 36
J the value of dW will be equal to
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44. P-V plots for two gases during adiabatic processes (1) A – Isobaric process
are shown in the figure. Plots 1 and 2 should (2) B – Adiabatic process
correspond respectively to
(3) C – Isochoric process
(4) D – Isothermal process

(1) He and O2 (2) O2 and He

(3) He and Ar (4) O2 and N2

48. In the diagram shown Qiaf = 80 cal and Wiaf = 50

45. In which of the figure no heat exchange between cal. If W = –30 cal for the curved path fi, value of
the gas and the surroundings will take place, if the Q for path fi, will be
gas is taken along curve: (curves are isothermal
and adiabatic)

(1) 60 cal (2) 30 cal

(1) A (2) B (3) –30 cal (4) – 60 cal
(3) C (4) D
49. For P-V diagram of a thermodynamic cycle as
46. In the following figures, four curves A, B, C, D are
shown these curves are: shown in figure, process BC and DA are
isothermal. Which of the corresponding graphs is
correct?

(1) Isothermal for A and B while adiabatic for C

and D
(2) Isothermal for A and C while adiabatic for B
and D
(3) Isothermal for A and D
(1) (2)
(4) Adiabatic for A and C while isothermal for B
and D

47. Following figure shows P-T graph for four

processes A, B, C and D. Select the correct
alternative.
(3) (4)
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50. Work done for the process shown in the figure is 51. A cyclic process ABCA is shown in P–T diagram.
When presented on P–V, it would

(1) 1 J (2) 1.5 J

(3) 4.5 J (4) 0.3 J

(1) (2)

(3) (4)

Cyclic processes, Heat engine, Refrigerator, heat pump,

Second law of thermodynamics, Carnot cycle, Entropy.

52. According to the second law of thermodynamics : 55. A reversible refrigerator operates between a low
(1) heat energy cannot be completely converted temperature reservoir at TC and a high temperature
to work reservoir at TH. Its coefficient of performance is
(2) work cannot be completely converted to heat given by:
energy (1) (TH – TC)/TC (2) TC/(TH – TC)
(3) for all cyclic processes we have dQ/T < 0 (3) (TH – TC)/TH (4) TH/(TH – TC)
(4) the reason all heat engine efficiencies are less
than 100% is friction, which is unavoidable 56. In the given graph the isothermal curves are :-

53. “Heat cannot flow by itself from a body at lower

temperature to a body at higher temperature” is a
statement or consequence of:
(1) second law of thermodynamics
(2) conservation of momentum
(3) conservation of mass (1) AB and CD (2) AB and AD
(4) first law of thermodynamics (3) AD and BC (4) BC and CD

54. A Carnot engine takes 3 × 106 cal of heat from 57. In the given graph, the curve for which the heat is
reservoir at 627°C and gives it to a sink at 27°C. absorbed from the surroundings is:–
Then work done by the engine is
(1) 4.2 × 106 J
(2) 8.4 × 106 J
(3) 16.8 × 106 J
(4) zero
(1) AB (2) BC
(3) CD (4) DA
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58. A carnot engine shows efficiency of 40% on 61. A carnot engine working between 300 K and 600
taking energy at 500 K. To increase the efficiency K has work out put of 800 J per cycle. The amount
to 50%, at what temperature it should take of heat energy supplied to the engine from source
energy? per cycle will be :
(1) 400 K (2) 700 K (1) 800 J (2) 1600 J
(3) 600 K (4) 800 K (3) 1200 J (4) 900 J

59. A Carnot engine, whose efficiency is 40%, takes 62. The efficiency of carnot engine is 50% and
in heat from a source maintained at a temperature temperature of sink is 500K. If temperature of
of 500 K. It is desired to have an engine of source is kept constant and its efficiency raised to
efficiency 60%. Then, the intake temperature for 60%, then the required temperature of the sink
the same exhaust (sink) temperature must be : will be :-
(1) 750 K (1) 100 K (2) 600 K
(2) 600 K (3) 400 K (4) 500 K
(3) Efficiency of Carnot engine cannot be made
larger than 50% 63. An ideal gas heat engine operates in carnot cycle
(4) 1200 K between 227°C and 127°C. It absorbs 6 × 104 cal
of heat at higher temperature. Then amount of
60. If the system takes 100 cal. heat, and releases 80 heat converted to work is :
cal to sink, if source temperature is 127°C find the (1) 2.4 × 104 cal (2) 6 × 104 cal
4
sink temperature :– (3) 1.2 × 10 cal (4) 4.8 × 104 cal
(1) 47°C (2) 127°C
(3) 67°C (4) 107°C 64. A refrigerator works between temperature
–10°C and 27°C, the coefficient of performance
is:
(1) 7.1 (2) 1
(3) 8.1 (4) 15.47