Case Study -Application of Derivatives

1. Mr Shashi, who is an architect, designs a building for a small company. The design of window
on the ground floor is proposed to be different than other floors. The window is in
the shape of a rectangle which is surmounted by a semi-circular opening. This window is
having a perimeter of 10 m as shown below :

Based on the above information answer the following :

If 2x and 2y represents the length and breadth of the rectangular portion of the windows,

i) Write the relation between the variables

ii) The combined area (A) of the rectangular region and semi-circular region of the window
expressed as a function of x is
iii) Find x so that the area of the window is maximum
iv) Maximum area of the window

2. The local nursery charges the cost of planting trees by the following formula :
C(x)  x 3  45x 2  600x , where x is the number of trees and C(x) is the cost of planting x
trees in rupees.
The owner of local nursery has imposed a restriction that it can plant 10 to 20 trees in one
Community Park for a fair distribution.
Keeping the above discussion in mind, answer the following:

(i) What is the derivative of C (x) with respect to x?

(ii) What are the possible number of trees, if C(x)  0 ?

(iii) For how many trees should the person place the order, so that his expenses
are least?
(iv) Refer to (iii). How much is the least amount (in rupees) that the person has
to spend?
3. Reeta goes for walk in a Community Park daily. She notices two specific trees in a line (as
seen in the figure below), whose heights are AP  16 m and BQ  22 m respectively,
 are 20 m apart from each other. She stands at a point (say, at R) in between these trees
such that AR  x m .

Using the information given above, answer the following :

(i) Find the value of RP 2  RQ 2 in terms of x

d
(ii) find (RP 2  RQ2 )
dx

(iii) If RP 2  RQ 2 is minimum, then find x

(iv) If f (x)  RP 2  RQ 2 , and f (x)  20 then find x

(v) What is the distance BR, for the value of x obtained above in (iii)?

Q04. An online retail company ships its products in the cartons.

Each of the cartons is made by a rectangular sheet of fiberboard with dimensions of 8 m by

3 m. While making the carton, equal squares of side length ‘x’ metres are cut-off from
each corner of the rectangular sheet of fiberboard. After that, the resulting flaps are
folded up to form the carton.

See the figure given below to identify the sides of the carton.

Based on the above information, answer the following :

 (i) Find the volume V of the carton in terms of x

(ii) If V = f (x) obtained in Then f (x) equals

(iii) The value of x (in metres) for which the volume V of the carton is maximum, is

(iv) What is the length (in metres) of the carton formed, for maximum value of V?

(v) What is the maximum volume of the carton formed?

Q5 A Social organization working for welfare of the society, decides to conserve water in a
village.

For this purpose, the organization proposes to construct an open water tank having a square
base, by using a metal sheet. The area of the metal sheet is to be least and water to be
stored in the tank is 4000 cubic metres.

Using the information given above, answer the following :

(i) Write the expression area (A) of the metal sheet to be used for making the open
water tank in terms of x

(ii) Volume of the water stored in the tank is given by

dA
(iii) equals
dx

(iv) Find x when the area is Least

(v) Least value of A is

Q6. Ishanvi is running a small company of manufacturing LED bulbs.

 She can sell x bulbs at a price of ` (250  x) each.

The cost price of x bulb is ` (2x 2  50x  12) .

Using the information given above, answer the following :

(i) What is the selling price S(x), of x LED bulbs?

d
(ii) What is  P(x) , where P(x) is the profit earned by Ishanvi on selling x bulbs?
dx

(iii) How many bulbs should she sell to earn maximum profit?

(iv) What is the maximum profit earned by her?

Q07. A mobile company in a town has 500 subscribers on its list and collects fixed charges of ` Rs
300/- per subscriber per year.

The company proposes to increase the annual subscription and it is believed that for every
increase of Rs 1/-, one subscriber will discontinue the service of this company.

Based on the information given above, answer the following :

(i) Suppose the mobile company increases Rs x/-, then find the function R (x), which
represents total yearly subscription collected by the company

d
(ii)  R(x) equals
dx

d2
(iii)  R(x) is
dx 2

(iv) What increase will bring maximum earning for the company?
Q8. Mr Rahul Modi is owner of a drum manufacturing company.

He gets an order of manufacturing cylindrical drums of high

quality steel without top, with a volume of v cubic units.

In order to make maximum profit, Mr Modi decides to use

least amount of steel while making the drums.

Using the information given above, answer the following :

(i) Assuming that ‘r’ and ‘h’ denote the radius of base and height of the drum
respectively, write h interms of r

(ii) write the surface area of the drum, as a function in ‘r’?

(iii) Find the radius ‘r’ of base of the drum having least surface area is least

(iv) What is the height of the drum, which is having least surface area?

Q09. A farmer Akhilesh Singh has two small pieces of agricultural land - one is in the shape of
square and, the other is in the shape of an equilateral triangle.

To save his crops from stray animals, he decides to fence his fields. For this purpose, he has a
wire of length 40 m. This wire has to be cut into two pieces to fence around the fields.

The first piece of wire of length x m, is used for fencing around the triangular field and the
other piece is used for the square field.
 Based on the information given above, answer the following :
(i) Let the combined area of square and triangle is denoted by A. Then find A
dA
(ii) Find
dx

(iii) For what value of x, the combined area obtained is minimum?

(iv) The length of wire used for fencing the square field, is

(v) The value of minimum combined area of both the fields is

Q10. A fighter-jet of enemy is flying along the parabolic path y  x 2  7 .

A soldier is assigned duty to shoot down the fighter-jet.

Using the information given above, answer the following :

(i) Assume that the soldier has located himself safely at a point (3, 7). If he decides to
shoot down the fighter-jet when it is nearest to him, then the find function f (x)
which determines the distance between the soldier and fighter-jet in terms of x

(ii) find x when the jet is closest to the soldier

(iii) When the soldier shoots the fighter-jet, then the distance between him and the
fighter-jet at that instant, is

(v) What will be the position of fighter-jet on the parabolic path, when the soldier
shoots it down?
Q11. Governing council of a local public development authority of Mussoorie decided to build an
adventurous playground on the top of a hill, which will have plain area and a dedicated
space for parking.

After survey, it was decided to build rectangular playground, with a semi-circular area
allotted for parking at one end of the playground.

The total perimeter of the field is measured as 1000 m.

For the information given above, answer the following :

(i) Write the relation between x and y

(ii) write the area of playground inn terms of x

(iii) Find the value of x, so that the area of playground is maximum?

(iv)The authority wants to maximize the area including parking space. Find the value of x so
that the area is maximum

(v) What is the maximum area of the playground alone?

Q12. A construction company - SB CONSTRUCTION - is required to build a godown.

The company has to make the cuboidal godown with square base.
 Three times as much cost per square meter is to be incurred for constructing the roof of the
godown, as compared to the walls.

Assuming that the volume of godown is V, answer the following :

(i) Write the relation between V, x and y?

(ii) Let Rs 5 be the cost incurred for walls per square meter, then what is the the cost
C, of constructing the godown in terms of x

(iii) Assume that the volume of the godown is V  768 m3 . Then, for what value of x
and y, the cost C is minimum?

(v) Find the minimum value of cost of constructing the godown

Q13. Mr Narendra Gandhi is living in a rented flat with his family.

He hires a tanker company to supply water for the construction work. Mr Gandhi uses a
cylindrical can of 1000  m 3 to store water for the construction work of his house.

Assume that the radius of the base of can is r and the height of can is h.
Based on the information given above, answer the following :
(i) Write h in terms of r

(ii) Write the surface area S of the can in terms of r

(iii) Find for what value of r, the surface area of the can is minimum?

(iv) What will be the height of this cylindrical can?

(v) Minimum value of the surface area of the cylindrical can is

Q14.. Abhay Kumar Singh is a student of class XII. For his Maths project, he buys a card-board of
area 27 square centimeters.
 He has to form an open box with square base to have maximum capacity and no wastage of
the card-board.

Based on the information given above, answer the following :

(i) Write y interms of x

(ii) Find the volume V of the box in terms of x

(ii) What will be the value of x, so that the volume of box is maximum?

(iv) Maximum volume of the box is

Q15. Raju Kumar, who is a carpenter, designs a wooden window on order.

The window is in the shape of a rectangle which is surmounted by an equilateral triangle, as

shown below :
 The window is having a total perimeter of 12 m.

Based on the information given above, answer the following :

(i) Write the relation between the variables x and y is

(ii) The combined area (A) of the rectangular region and triangular region of the window
expressed as a function of x i

(iii)The carpenter Raju Kumar is interested in maximizing the area of the whole window so
that maximum light input is possible. What should be the the length of rectangular portion of
the window

(iv) if maximum light input through the whole window, then find the area (in sq. m) of
triangular portion of the window

Q16. A farmer Ram Kishan wishes to fence off his rectangular field of given area ( A  100 units 2
).

The length of the field lies along a straight river.

Assuming that along the river, no fencing is needed for the field, answer the followings
using the information given above :

(i) What should be the length (L) of fencing around the field in terms of x and y

(ii) Express L in terms of x alone

(iii) For what value of x, the length of fencing (L) will be least?

(iv) What is the value of y, if the length of fencing (L) is least?

(v) The least value of the length of fencing (L) 171

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Case Study: 19

Case study: 20