1.

C language

This section introduces you to the C programming language, its origin, history, and significance.
Additionally, you can explore the features, applications, execution, general structure and keywords of C.

Introduction to C

History of C

Features of C

Application areas of C

Execution flow of C program

Other translators

Structure of C program with example

Keywords

2. Basic concepts

C language has certain elements that you must know before you start coding. This section covers the
basics of C programming, including data types (Char, int, void), variables, constants, identifiers, input and
output functions, and more.

Tokens

Identifiers

Constants

Variables

Data types

Input and output functions

Qualifiers

Modifiers

Escape sequences

3. Operators and Expressions

Operators and expressions instruct the machine to perform an arithmetic or logical operation on data
and variables. To understand the function of each symbol, you need to thoroughly go through this
section that covers all the operators and expressions used in a C program.

Arithmetic operators

Relational operators

Logical operators

Assignment operators

Increment & Decrement operators

Conditional/ternary operator

Bitwise operator

Size of operator

Comma operator

Operators’ Precedence and associativity

Expressions

Evaluation of expressions

4. Control structures

C program allows you to use structures that can print statements iteratively until it meet a specified
instruction. This section will cover the three important loop structures and the essential statements
(Goto, Break and Continue) that can control the execution of instructions automatically.

While

For

Do.. While

Goto Statement

Break and Continue Statement

5. Control/Decision-Making Statements
A program can use statements that allow the machine to decide when to execute a statement as per
instruction. This requires you to understand different decision-making statements where if a condition is
true, execution of an immediate instruction happens otherwise, another statement gets executed. You
will be introduced to such statements in this section of the C programming course curriculum.

Simple if

if..else

Nested if

if..else ladder

Switch..Case statement

6. Math.h Library

The math.h library holds different mathematical functions that, if you use them within a program,
directly instruct the machine on what mathematical operation to perform. For example, sqrt() is used for
square root operation, log() for natural logarithm of a number. This part of the course will help with
advanced c language programming.

abs(int x)

floor()

ceil()

sqrt()

pow()

exp()

log() and etc….

7. Arrays

Arrays can store more than one variable of the same data type, but you must understand their syntax
properly. This section will give an overview of types of arrays and how they are used in C programming.

Introduction to arrays
Types of arrays

1d array

2d array (matrix)

8. string.h library

As a C programmer, you need to know different string functions and the string.h library contains a set of
functions that perform various string operations. This course will introduce you to some standard
functions in the library and their use in a C program.

strlen(str)

strcpy(des_str, src_str)

strcat(desc_str, src_str)

strrev(str)

strcmp(str1,str2)

strlwr()

strupr()

9. Functions

You don’t need to repeat the same instruction for the same tasks within a C program, instead use
functions. This section will introduce you to different functions and their purposes.

Function types

Built-in functions

User-defined functions

Recursive functions

call by value and call by reference

10. Recursions

Recursion is the process where a function calls itself either directly or indirectly. This section of the
course will not only clear your basic knowledge but also implement the concept of recursion into real C
programs.

Find the factorial of a given number by using a recursive function

Find the sum of first n natural numbers by using recursion

Find the gcd of two numbers by using recursion

Find the root digit of the number by using recursion

Program to calculate the power using recursion

11. Storage classes

You must understand where all your variables are getting stored and how long you can access them. This
section will teach you the four main storage classes in C and define how they are different from each
other.

Auto

Static

Extern

Register

12. User defined datatypes

Users define some data types and are mostly derived from existing data types; these are user-defined
data types. They enable customisation in your C code and implement functions like encapsulation. You
will learn the four types of user-defined datatypes in this section of the curriculum.

Structure

Union

enum

typedef

13. Pointers
Pointers are variables that hold the address of a location that contains another variable. This section
gives a brief overview of pointers, their types, syntax and implementation in C programming.

Pointer types

Void pointer

Null pointer

Wild pointer

Dangling pointer

Array of pointers

Pointer to pointer

Pointer arithmetic

14. Dynamic memory allocation

According to the rules of C programming, you need to specify the number of elements in an array at
compile time. Dynamic memory allocation allows programs to get more memory space while compiling
or releasing it if not used. This section will guide you through the functions used for adding, deleting or
rearranging data during the runtime.

malloc()

calloc()

realloc()

free()

15. Files

Once you terminate a c program, your entire data gets lost to preserve that data, you need to store it in a
file. This section will give you an in-depth view of files used in C and its relative functions.

Concept of a file

Streams
Text File and Binary Files

Opening and closing files

File input/output functions

Formatted input-output functions

Character input-output functions

16. Others

Here are a few things that you must know, as without them, your C compiler will keep showing errors
when you execute a program.

Command Line Arguments

const

preprocessor directive statements