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    GR 10 Practical 5

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    Jaswin Baweja

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    GR 10 Practical 5

    Uploaded by

    Jaswin Baweja
    9 views4 pages

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    gr 10 practical 5

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    9 views4 pages

    GR 10 Practical 5

    Uploaded by

    Jaswin Baweja

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 4

    Class 10 Science Lab Manual Resistance In Parallel Experiment – 5

    Aim
    To determine the equivalent resistance of two resistors when connected in parallel.
    Theory

    ● When the resistors are connected in parallel with a combination of cells or


    battery, in such case the total current I, is equal to the sum of the separate
    value of current through each branch of the combination.
    i.e., I=I1+I2+I3+…..

    ● In the above circuit let R be the equivalent resistance of the parallel


    combination of resistors.
    ∴ By applying Ohm’s law we have
    I=V/Rp …(1)
    ● On applying Ohm’s law to each resistor we get
    When resistors are connected in parallel combination the total resistance is the
    reciprocal sum of the individual resistances.
    i.e., 1/Rp = (1/R1) + (1/R2)

    ● Current is constant in series circuit. Hence, we cannot connect the bulb and
    room heater in series because their current requirement is different.
    ● Hence such devices are connected in parallel so that the current is divided
    through the different electrical gadgets.
    ● The total current is always decreased when resistors are connected in
    parallel.
    ● When the resistors are connected in parallel then the equivalent resistance
    of the parallel combination of the resistors is always low.

    Materials Required
    A battery, a plug key, connecting wires, an ammeter, a voltmeter, rheostat, a piece of
    sandpaper and two resistors of different value OR apparatus.

    Procedure:

    1. When the circuit is connected, insert the key.


    2. Note three readings of ammeter and voltmeter for the resistors R1 and R2
    separately.
    3. Now connect the circuit as shown in figure II below.
    4. The resistors are connected in parallel and voltmeter is also connected in
    parallel.
    5. Use the rheostat and record three different readings of ammeter and
    voltmeter.
    6. Remove the key.
    7. Do the calculations from the observation table.

    Circuit Diagram
    Observation Table For Resistance In Parallel

    Resistor No. of Voltmeter Ammeter R=V/I(in Mean value


    used observation reading in reading in ohm) of
    volts(V) ampere(A) resistance
    in ohm

    Result

    1. The calculated value of 1/Rp = (1/R1) + (1/R2) = ……………..


    2. The experimental value of 1/Rp = ………………
    3. The equivalent resistance (Rp) is less than the individual resistance (R1 or
    R2)

    Precautions

    1. The connecting wires should be thick copper wires and the insulation of
    their ends should be removed using the sandpaper.
    2. Connections should be tight otherwise some external resistance may be
    introduced in the circuit.
    3. Connections should be made as per the circuit.
    4. The ammeter should be connected in series with the resistor such that the
    current enters at the positive terminal and leaves at the negative terminal of
    the ammeter.
    5. Voltmeter should always be connected in parallel to the resistor.
    6. Calculate the least count of voltmeter and ammeter correctly.
    7. The pointers of the ammeter and voltmeter should be at zero mark when no
    current flows through the circuit.
    8. Current should be passed through the circuit for a short time while taking
    observations; otherwise current would cause unnecessary heating in the
    circuit. Heating may change the resistance of resistors.

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