General

Mathematics

ELVIE A. LLAMAS
General Teacher III HNHS - SHS
Mathematics
 Numeracy

Do the following operation:

1. −21 + −14 = −35
2. 15 − 45 = −30
3. 22 × −8 = −176
4. 125&÷ −5 =
Statistics −25
Probability
 Numeracy

5. The temperature drops by 2 degrees every

hour. What is the total drop in temperature
after 4 hours?

−2 × 4 = −8 𝑑𝑒𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑠
Finds the Domain and Range
of an Inverse Function
To determine the domain and range of an inverse function:
The outputs of the function 𝑓 are the inputs to 𝑓 −1 , so the range of
𝑓 is also the domain of 𝑓 −1 . Likewise, because the inputs 𝑓 are the
outputs of 𝑓 −1 , the domain of 𝑓 is the range of 𝑓 −1 . We can visualize
the situation.
𝑓(𝑥)
Domain of 𝑓 Range of 𝑓

𝑎 𝒃

Range of 𝑓 −1 Domain of 𝑓 −1
𝑓 −1 (𝑥)
To determine the domain and range of an inverse function:
The outputs of the function 𝑓 are the inputs to 𝑓 −1 , so the range of
𝑓 is also the domain of 𝑓 −1 . Likewise, because the inputs 𝑓 are the
outputs of 𝑓 −1 , the domain of 𝑓 is the range of 𝑓 −1 . We can visualize
the situation.
𝑓(𝑥)
Domain of 𝑓 Range of 𝑓
This means that the
domain of the inverse is
the range of the original
function and that the
𝑎 𝒃
range of the inverse is
the domain of the
original function.

Range of 𝑓 −1 Domain of 𝑓 −1
𝑓 −1 (𝑥)
 𝒙 2 3 5 10 𝒙 6 8 12 21

𝑦 6 8 12 21 𝑦 2 3 5 10

Original Function Inverse Function

Properties of an Inverse Function

If the 𝑓 −1 (inverse function) exists,

1.𝑓 −1 is a one-to-one function, 𝑓 is also one-to-one.
2.Domain of 𝑓 −1 = Range of 𝑓
3.Range of 𝑓 −1 = Domain of 𝑓
Domain & Range
The domain of a relation as the set of all possible values that the variable x can
take.
The range of a relation as the set of all possible values that the variable y can
take.
Function Equation Graph Domain Range Example:
Standard Form:
𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦 = 𝑐
𝑎
𝑓 𝑥 = 2𝑥 + 5
Slope: − Set builder Set builder
𝑏
𝑐
y-intercept: notation: notation: Domain: All real numbers (−∞, ∞)
𝑏
𝑐 {𝑥/𝑥 ∈ 𝑅} 𝑦/𝑦 ∈ 𝑅 Range: All real numbers (−∞, ∞)
x-intercept:
𝑎
General Form: 𝑎𝑥 +
Interval Interval
Linear 𝑏𝑦 + 𝑐 = 0 Diagonal
Notation: Notation:
Function Slope: −
𝑎 Line
𝑏 (−∞, ∞) (−∞, ∞)
𝑐
y-intercept: −
𝑏
𝑐 Description: Description
x-intercept: −
𝑎 All real : All real
Slope – intercept
numbers numbers
form:
𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏
 Function Equation Graph Domain Range

If 𝒂 > 𝟎
Set builder
notation: Examples:
{𝑦/𝑦 ≥ 𝑘}

If 𝒂 > 𝟎 or 𝑓 𝑥 = 2𝑥 − 1 + 5
𝒂<𝟎
Interval 1 1
If 𝒂 > 𝟎 Set builder Domain: {𝑥/𝑥 ≥ 2} [2 , ∞)
Notation:
notation:
𝑦=𝑎 𝑥−ℎ+𝑘
{𝑥/𝑥 ≥ ℎ}
𝑘, ∞ Range: {𝑦/𝑦 ≥ 5} [5, ∞)
Square root Half
If 𝒂 < 𝟎
function parabola
𝑦=𝑎 𝑥−ℎ+𝑘 If 𝒂 < 𝟎
Interval 𝑓 𝑥 = − 2𝑥 − 1 + 5
Set builder
Notation:
notation:
[ℎ, ∞) 1 1
{𝑦/𝑦 ≤ 𝑘} Domain: {𝑥/𝑥 ≥ 2} [2 , ∞)
Range: {𝑦/𝑦 ≤ 5} (−∞, 5)
Interval
Notation:
(∞, 𝑘]
Function Equation Graph Domain Range

If 𝒂 > 𝟎
Standard Form: 𝑎𝑥 2 +
𝑏𝑥 = 𝑐
General Form:
Set builder Example:
𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0
notation:
Vertex: (h,k) If 𝒂 > 𝟎 or 𝒂 <
𝑏 𝟎
{𝑦/𝑦 ≥ 𝐾} 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑥2 + 7
ℎ=−
2𝑎
Set builder
𝑘=
4𝑎𝑐 − 𝑏 2
Interval Domain: {𝑥 ȁ𝑥𝜖𝑅} (−∞, ∞)
4𝑎 notation: {𝑥/𝑥 ∈
𝑅}
Notation: Range: {𝑦ȁ𝑦 ≥ 7} [7, ∞)
[𝐾, ∞)
Vertex form:
Quadratic 𝑦 = 𝑎(𝑥 − ℎ)2 + 𝑘
Parabola
function 𝑎>0 Interval
If 𝒂 < 𝟎
The parabola opens Notation:
upward. (−∞, ∞)
Set builder
Vertex is the minimum
notation:
point. Description: All
{𝑦/𝑦 ≤ 𝐾}
real numbers
𝑦 = −𝑎(𝑥 − ℎ)2 + 𝑘
Interval
𝑎<0
Notation:
The parabola opens
−∞, 𝐾
downward.
Vertex is the
maximum point.
1. Find the domain and range of the inverse
𝒙+𝟐
function 𝒇 𝒙 =
−𝟏
.
𝟑

Solution:

The inverse function is a linear function.

Domain: {𝑥ȁ𝑥𝜖𝑅} All real number (−∞, ∞)

Range: {𝑦ȁ𝑦𝜖𝑅} All real number (−∞, ∞)
2. Find the domain and range of 𝒇 𝒙 = 𝟑𝒙 + 𝟏𝟐 and
its inverse.
Solution:
𝑥−12
Inverse: 𝑓 𝑥 =
−1
3
Original Function Inverse Function
𝒇 𝒙 = 𝟑𝒙 + 𝟏𝟐 −𝟏
𝒙 − 𝟏𝟐
𝒇 𝒙 =
𝟑
Domain {𝑥 ȁ𝑥𝜖𝑅} {𝑥ȁ𝑥𝜖𝑅}
Range {𝑦ȁ𝑦𝜖𝑅} {𝑦ȁ𝑦𝜖𝑅}
3. Find the domain and range of 𝒇 𝒙 = 𝒙 + 𝟐 and
its inverse.
Solution:
Inverse: 𝑓 −1 𝑥 = 𝑥 2 − 2
Original Function Inverse Function
𝒇 𝒙 = 𝒙+𝟐 𝒇−𝟏 𝒙 = 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟐
Domain {𝑥 ȁ𝑥𝜖𝑅} {𝑥ȁ𝑥 ≥ 0}
Range {𝑦ȁ𝑦 ≥ 0} {𝑦ȁ𝑦 ≥ −2}
 PRACTICE

Find the inverse of 𝒇. Determine the domain and

range of each resulting inverse functions.
Solution:
𝒇−𝟏
1. 𝐟 𝐱 = 𝟐𝐱 − 𝟏
Domain
Range

2. 𝐟(𝐱) = 𝟓𝐱 + 𝟐 𝒇−𝟏
Solution:

Domain
Range

3. 𝐟 𝐱 = 𝟏 + 𝐱 𝒇−𝟏
Solution:

Domain
Range
 TEST YOURSELF
Read each questions carefully. Write the letter of
the correct answer. For the items with no
choices, write the correct answer.
1. What do you call to the set of all allowable values
of the independent variable?
A. Range C. Real Numbers
B. Domain D. Inverse Function
 TEST YOURSELF
2. Which of the following is not allowed as the value
of the independent variable if the function is a
fraction?
A. Zero C. Decimal Number
B. Negative Number D. Irrational Number
3. Consider the function 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑥 2 + 2. What is the
domain of the function.
A. {𝑥ȁ𝑥 > 2} B.{𝑥 ȁ𝑥𝜖 − 2} C. {𝑥 ȁ𝑥 > 0} D. {𝑥ȁ𝑥𝜖𝑅}
 TEST YOURSELF

4. What is the range of the function

𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑥 2 + 2?
A. {yȁy ≥ 2} B.{yȁyϵ − 2} C. {yȁy > 0} D. {yȁyϵR}
5. What is the inverse of 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑥 2 + 2?
A. f −1 2
x =x −2 C.f −1
x =2+x 2

B. f −1
x = 𝑥−2 D.f −1
x = 𝑥+2
6. What is the domain and range of 𝑓 −1 ? Write your
answer in interval notation.
 ASSIGNMENT

Find the inverses of the given functions,

and then determine the domain and range
of both the functions and their inverses.
Write the domain and range in interval notation
and set builder notation.
1. f x = 2x + 9
2. f x = 7x + 10
3. f x = x + 2
2
4. f x = x − 5