WK 5 Trigonometric Function

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Angle

 A positive angle is formed


when a rotating ray moves
in an anticlockwise
direction from the positive
x-axis.
 A negative angle is
formed when a rotating
ray moves in clockwise
from the positive x-axis.
Angle greater than 360° or 2 π
radians

The position of an angle θ that is greater than 360°


or 2 π radians can be obtained using the relation

𝜽 = 𝒏 𝟑𝟔𝟎° +∝ 𝑜𝑟 𝜽 = 𝒏 𝟐𝝅 + ∝
Where
∝ < 360° 𝑜𝑟 ∝< 2𝜋 𝑟𝑎𝑑
n = number of complete rotations position of 𝜃=
position of ∝
6 Trigonometric Functions of Any
Angle

B(x,y) is a point on the circumference of a circle with


centre A and a radius of r units. If the angle between
AB and the positive x-axis is θ, then
𝒚
Sin θ =
𝒓
𝒙
Cos θ =
𝒓
𝒚 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝜽
Tan θ = =
𝒙 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝜽
Values of trigonometric functions
of any angle

For θ> 90°, the rotating ray AB


moves into other quadrants. The
coordinates of point B will change
their signs accordingly and the
signs of the trigonometric
functions of angle θ will also
change.
Definitions for secant, cosecant and
cotangent

1
 Cosec θ =
sin 𝜃
1
 Sec θ =
cos 𝜃
1 cos 𝜃
 Cot θ = =
tan 𝜃 sin 𝜃

* The signs of the cosecant, secant and cotangent of any angle


follow the signs (positive or negative) of the sine, cosine and
tangent of the angle respectively in their respective quadrant.
Example 1

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Given that cos 𝛼 = and 𝛼 is in quadrant I,
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find the value of each of the following
trigonometric functions without using
calculator,
(a)Sec 𝛼
(b)Cosec 𝛼
(c)Cot 𝛼
Example 1
Values of the six trigonometric
function of any angle
Values of the six trigonometric
function of any angle
Trigonometric functions of negative angles

For negative angles, Why?

Sin (- θ) = -Sin θ
Cos (-θ) = Cos θ
Tan (-θ) = -Tan θ
Complementary angles

 Sin θ = Cos (90° - θ)


 Cos θ = Sin (90° - θ)
 Tan θ = Cot (90° - θ)
 Cosec θ = Sec (90° - θ)
 Sec θ = Cosec (90° - θ)
 Cot θ = Tan (90° - θ)
Example 2

Given that 𝑠𝑖𝑛 62° = 𝑝 and cos 62° = 𝑞, find the


value of each of the following trigonometric function
in terms of p and/or q
(a) sin 28°
(b) sec 28°
(c) cot 28°
Example 2

@
Special angles
Exercise 1

5
Given that 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 = − , 90°<θ< 180° , sketch the
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reference angle for 𝜃. Hence, find the value of each of the
following trigonometric functions without using a
calculator
(a) sin 𝜃
(b) tan 𝜃
(c) sec 𝜃
(d) cosec 𝜃
(e) cot(-𝜃)
Exercise 2

For each of the following trigonometric functions,


determine the reference angle. Hence, find the
value of the trigonometric function:-
a) Sin 230°
b) Cos 318°
c) Cot 155°
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d) Cosec − 𝜋
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Exercise 3

Without using a calculator, find the value of each


of the following trigonometric function
a) cosec 150°
b) tan 225°
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c) sec ( )𝜋
3
−𝜋
d) cosec ( )
4
Exercise 4

Find all the values of x in the range 0° ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 360° 𝑤ℎ𝑖𝑐ℎ 𝑠𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑠f𝑦 𝑡ℎ𝑒
𝑓𝑜𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠
(a) 2 sin x = 3 cos x
(b) 2 sin x cos x= cos x
(c) 2𝑠𝑖𝑛2 x – 1=0
(d) 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 x - cos x = 1
Exercise 5

Solve each of the following trigonometric


equations for 0° ≤ θ ≤360°
(a)tan x – sin 53° = 0
(b)sec x = 4cos x
(c)5 sin x cos x = sinx

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