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Probability Distribution

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Probability Distribution

Uploaded by

Ashik Polok
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Probability Distribution

Coin toss, probability of head= 0.5

5 coin tosses, 5 heads= 0.5 * 0.5 * 0.5 * 0.5 * 0.5

Two types of probability distribution


Discrete probability distribution - Whole numbers
only, for example - number of people in a house
Continuous probability distribution - Could take
on any number. For ex: Height, Weight, width of
road, etc.

3 types of discrete probability distribution


Binomial Distribution: Only two possible
outcomes. coin toss- head/tail, Red ball/blue ball
Hypergeometric distribution: Two possible
outcomes without replacement. probability
changes with each selection. For example: 1100
boys and 900 girls. If you choose 10 people, what Each number decreases by 1 since each

is the probability of 10 girls.


time one girl is decreased after
probability= 900/2000 * 899/1999* 898/1998 * selection
897/1997 * 896/ 1996 * 895/ 1995 * 894/1994 *
893/1993 * 892/1992 * 891/1991 * 890/1990

Poisson distribution: A discrete random variable in a

continuous interval. For example: a call centre gets 3


calls on average every day. What is the probability of
receiving 4 calls that day?

Probability = (3^4 *e^-3)/3!

2 major properties
Sum of probability =
probability is greater than or equal to zero and less
than 1

Uniform distribution-

When every outcome has same probability.

For example: tossing a 6 sided dice.

Outcome: 1,2,3,4,5,6. Every outcome has same


probability - 1/6

tossed a dice. probability of 3= 1/6

Expected value:

Expected value is the sum of every outcome multiplied


by probability.

Expected value = 1 * 1/6 + 2 * 1/6 + 3 * 1/6 + 4 * 1/6 + 5


* 1/6 + 6 * 1/6= 3.5
Outcome Probability

1 0.4

2 0.5

3 0.1

Expected value / population mean =


1 * 0.4 + 2 * 0.5 + 3 * 0.1 = 1.7

Continuous probability distribution

A probability distribution for a continuous random varialbe is


called a probability density function.

3 propertie
The continuous random variable takes on an infinite # of
values within a given interva
Probability of a specific number is 0. We can find
probability of interval
Total probability = 1

Types of probability distribution


Normal Distributio
Standard Normal (Z) distributio
Student's t distributio
Chi‑square ( χ2 ) distributio
F distribution

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