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Module 7 - Static Routing

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Module 7 - Static Routing

Uploaded by

harry lubis
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHAPTER VII – ROUTING STATIS

7.1 GOAL
The purpose of this practicum is, students can:
a. Observing routing concept
b. Understanding the function of Routing Protocol
c. Observing static routing protocol
7.2 BASIC THEORY
Routing is the term for taking a packet from a device and sending it across the network to other
devices on a different network. The tool used in the routing process is known as router. Things
that must be known by a router in order to carry out its duties include:
a. Destination address
b. Neighbor routers
c. Possible routes to all remote networks
d. The best route for any remote network
e. How to maintain and verify routing information

Broadly speaking, how the router works is:


1. If the router is directly connected to a network, the router automatically knows how to
contact the network.
2. If the router is not directly connected to a network, the router must learn how to connect to
that network by using static routing or through dynamic routing

Routing protocol
Routing protocols are used by routers to dynamically discover all networks in an internetwork
and ensure that all routers have the same routing table. Examples of routing protocols are RIP,
IGRP, EIGRP and OSPF.

Routed protocol
After all routers know all networks, the routed protocol will be used to transmit user data over
the existing network. Examples of routed protocols are IP and IPX.

Static Routing
In static routing, the routes in the routing table from each router are added manually.
Static routing advantages:
1. The CPU of router does not overheat
2. Does not require bandwidth between routers
3. From a security standpoint, administrator can choose to allow routing access only to
certain networks.

Static routing disadvantages:


1. The administrator must fully understand the internetwork and how each router is
connected in order to properly configure the router
2. If a new network is connected, the administrator must add a route to all routers manually
3. Not suitable for large-scale networks

Command syntax to add a static route to the routing table:


ip route [destination_network] [mask] [next­hop_address or exitinterface]

[administrative_distance]

[permanent]

7.3 STUDENT ACTIVITIES


a. Run the packet tracer application
b. Arrange 2 routers, 2 PCs as shown below! Use a GenericPT router and switchPT. To
connect between routers, use serial DCE on the serial interface 2/0.

c. Enter CLI (Command Line Interface) on the left Router (Router2 in the picture)
Configure the left router with the following command:
a. If there is an initial question just type 'no'
b. Then Enter and Enter
c. Router> enable  ‘to activate router’
d. Router # configure terminal  'to configure router'
e. Router (config) #interface fa 0/0  'to enable ethernet 0/0' - adjust with your default
0/0 or 0/1'
f. Router (config-if) #ip address 192.168.1.20 255.255.255.0  ' to provide ip address
and subnet mask'
g. Router (config-if) #no shutdown  'router cannot be shut down'
h. Router (config-if) #exit  'out of Ethernet 0/0'
i. Router (config) #interface s2/0  ' to activate Serial 2/0'
j. Router (config-if) #ip address 172.16.10.1 255.255.255.252  'to provide ip address
and subnet mask'
k. Router (config-if) #no shutdown  'router cannot be shut down'
l. Router (config-if) #exit  'out of Serial 2/0'
m. Router (config) #exit  'exit router configuration'
n. Router # write  'to save previous commands so that the router can run normally
d. Configure the right router in a similar way. (Watch the addresses!)
e. Configure IP for PC, Set IP address PC0 to 192.168.1.10 with subnet mask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.1.20
f. Set PC1 ip address to 192.168.2.10 with subnet mask 255.255.255.0, gateway
192.168.2.20
g. Do a test using the ping command on the left PC, then the results will be like the image
below:

h. This happens because the routing table has not been set. Set up the routing table using the
ip route command:
On the left router:
a. Press RETURN to get started.
b. Router> enable  ‘reactivate router’
c. Router # configure terminal  'enter router configuration'
d. Router (config) #ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.10.2
e. Router (config) #exit  'exit router configuration'
f. Router # write  'do save'
i. On the right router, do a similar configuration.
j. Perform a test using the ping command on each PC
7.4 TASK

Task 1. IP Assignment
a. In the image of computer network topology above, divide the addressing to accommodate
all existing hosts. The IP assigned is: 192.168.100.0/24
b. Do share addressing with the VLSM approach with host requirements:
a. Network pada PC A 50 Host
b. Network pada PC B 45 Host
c. Network pada PC C 24 Host
d. Network pada Server A 20 Host
e. Network pada Server B 13 Host
f. Network pada Server C 10 Host
g. WAN pada Network R1 – R2 2 Host
h. WAN pada Network R2– R3 2 Host
c. Use conditions:
a. Hosts on each network use the 1st usable IP address
b. The gateway on each network use the last usable IP address.
c. WAN R1-R2 has a lower network address than WAN R2-R3.
d. S 0/0/0 R1 1st usable IP address, S 0/0/0 R2 last usable IP address.
e. S 0/0/1 R2 1st usable IP address, S 0/0/1 R3 last usable IP address.
d. Use the provided Scribble Sheet for calculating, it is allowed to use the calculator. You
can also use the VLSM Subnetting Table to do this.
e. Based on the calculation results, complete the table on the Task 1 Observation Sheet.
Task 2. IP Addressing
1. Select Realtime mode in Packet Tracer.
2. Perform the address for each existing device in accordance with the provisions of Task 1
Observation Sheet.
3. Perform a connectivity test using ping with the Command Prompt, complete the results
on Task 2 Observation Sheet.

Task 3. Static Routing


1. Perform static routing based on observations of task 1 and 2
2. Check as follows:
a. Enter privelege mode on the router using the "enable" command, observe the routing
table on Router 1 by typing the command "show ip route", observe and record the
results Observation sheet 3.a
b. Select Simulation mode in Packet Tracer.
i. Previously, make sure the Event List window is clean by clicking the Delete
button at the bottom center.
ii. Select and make sure the Event List Filters on the ICMP option.
iii. From PC A, ping all ip addresses according to Observation Sheet 3.b, using
the Add Complex PDU with the sequence number parameter and ime in one
shot is 1, create PDU
iv. Run the process using capture / forward until the process is declared
successful / failed.
v. Observe each event, record it and complete it with a brief description of the
process in each successful and failed event, record the results on Observation
Sheet 3.c.
Task 1 Observation Sheet - IP Assignment
Device Inetrface IP Address Subnet Mask Default
Gateway
PC A NIC
PC B NIC
PC C NIC
Server A NIC
Server B NIC
Server C NIC
Router 1 Serial 0/0/0 N/A
Fa0/0 N/A
Fa0/1 N/A
Serial 0/0/1 N/A
Router 2 Serial 0/0/1 N/A
Fa0/0 N/A
Fa0/1 N/A
Router 3 Serial 0/0/1 N/A
Fa0/0 N/A
Fa0/1 N/A

Task 2 Observation Sheet – Connectivity Test


PC PC PC Server Server Server S0/0/0 S0/0/0 S0/0/1 S0/0/0
A B C A B C R1 R2 R2 R3
PC A
PC B
PC C
Server A
Server B
Server C
S0/0/0
R1
S0/0/0
R2
S0/0/1
R2
S0/0/0
R3
Task 3 Observation Sheet – Static Routing
3.a.

3.b.
PC PC PC Server Server Server S0/0/0 S0/0/0 S0/0/1 S0/0/0
A B C A B C R1 R2 R2 R3
PC A

3.c.

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