Q2 GB1 - Lesson 2

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GENERAL

BIOLOGY 1
Quarter 2
Good day!
REMINDERS!!
ALWAYS wear your face masks.
FREQUENTLY sanitize your hands
and/or use alcohol.
AVOID unnecessary chatting
with seatmates.
KEEP mobile phones/gadgets
temporarily.
CLASS PRAYER
Father God,
Come be with us today.
Fill our hearts with joy.
Fill our minds with learning.
Fill our lesson with fun.
Fill our classmates with kindness.
Fill our classroom with peace.
Fill our school with love.

Amen.
Who’s IN?

Who’s OUT?
REVIEW

• Q. What are electron carriers?

• FQ. Why are electron carries vital to


cellular functions?
LESSON OBJECTIVES

a. Describe ATP or Adenosine


triphosphate.

b. Cite structure and function of


ATP.

c. Elaborate the ATP-ADP cycle.


MELC:

o Explain coupled reaction


processes and describe the role of
ATP in energy coupling and
transfer. STEM_BIO11/12-IIa-j-1
ACTIVITY 1

Build Thar ATP


Direction:
• Learners identify the structure
of ATP from the given options.
Phosphate Adenosine
Groups Ribose Molecule
ACTIVITY 2

Cycle Analysis
Direction:
• Learners analyze the given
equations and process.
Lesson 2:

ATP and the


Energy from It
ATP or Adenosine
Triphosphate is a crucial
molecule that powers
various cellular processes
in living organisms.
• It is often called the
“energy currency” of the
cell, used to fill any energy
need of the cell.
• When broken, by removal
of its terminal phosphate
groups, energy is released.
• The energy is used to do
work by the cell.

• Usually by the phosphate


binding to another
molecule, activating it.
Structure of ATP
• Adenosine molecule
• Ribose (5-carbon sugar)
molecule
• Three phosphate groups
(alpha beta, gamma), linked
by phosphoanhydride
bonds.
ATP Synthesis
• ATP is synthesized through
cellular respiration and
photosynthesis.
• Mitochondria and
chloroplasts are the
primary sites of ATP
production.
ATP Breakdown
• ATP is hydrolyzed by the
enzyme ATPase to release
energy.
• ATP is converted into ADP
(Adenosine Diphosphate)
and inorganic phosphate
(Pi).
ATP as an Energy Carrier
• ATP stores and transports
energy within cells.
• Energy is released when
ATP is broken down,
providing energy for cellular
processes.
ATP in Cellular Processes
• Muscle Contraction: ATP
powers the movement of
muscle fibers.
• Active Transport: ATP is
required to move
molecules across cell
membranes.
ATP in Cellular Processes
• DNA Replication: ATP
provides energy for DNA
synthesis.
ATP Regeneration
• ADP and Pi can be
converted back into ATP
through cellular
respiration.
• ATP is continuously
regenerated to maintain
energy levels in cells.
ATP – ADP Cycle

Hydrolysis is the process


of breaking of complex
macromolecules apart.
ATP – ADP Cycle
• The Hydrolysis of ATP
produces ADP, together with
an inorganic phosphate ion
(Pi) and the release of free
energy:

ATP + H2O → ADP + Pi + free


energy + H
ATP – ADP Cycle

• Hydrolysis of ATP to ADP is


reversible.
• The reverse reaction
generates ATP from ADP + Pi.
ATP – ADP Cycle

• ATP regeneration must


require an input of free
energy.

ADP + Pi + H + free energy→


ATP + H2O
ATP – ADP Cycle
• Water which was broken to
hydrogen atom (H) and
hydroxyl group (OH-) during
hydrolysis, is regenerated
when third phosphate is
added to ADP molecule
reforming ATP.
ATP – ADP Cycle
• To carry out life processes:
- ATP is continuously broken
down into ADP.
- ADP is continually
regenerated into ATP by
attachment of third
phosphate group.
Questions?
ACTIVITY 3

ATP vs. ADP


Direction:
• Learners describe ATP and ADP
compounds through the table.
ATP ADP
(Adenosine Triphosphate) (Adenosine Diphosphate)
Structure: Structure:

Process to convert to ADP: Process to convert to ATP:

Equation: Equation:
Application

Q. To which activity
/scenario in your daily life
can you relate the concepts
discussed?
Let’s Wrap Up!

Sum up the lesson


through answering the
follow questions based on
the lesson discussed:
Questions:

1. What is Adenosine
Triphosphate?

2. What makes up ATP?

3. How is ATP-ADP Cycle


carried out?
ENRICHMENT

Direction:
• Do advance study and research
regarding:
Phosphorylation
THANK YOU!

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