Fractions

7.1 Fractional Units and Equal Shares

1. Three apples together weigh 2 kg. If they are roughly of the same size, each apple
will roughly weigh ___ kg.
2. A baker made 6 identical loaves of bread with a total weight of 3 kg. The weight of
each loaf is ___ kg.
3. Five friends bought 2 pizzas and shared them equally. Each friend ate ___ of pizza.
4. A cat weighs 3/4 kg, and a kitten weighs 1/2 kg. Together, they weigh ___ kg.
5. Arrange these fractions in order of size from smallest to largest: one fourth, three
fourth,three and a half, two half, two three fourth .
6. Which fraction is greater— 1 /6 or 1/4 ?

7.2 Fractional Units as Parts of a Whole

1. A large square cake is being served to the kids at the party. Depending on the age
of the kids, different fractional portions of the whole cake are served. How much of
the whole cake is each piece?

A) F)

B)

c)

d)

e)

2. Write the fraction that the unshaded portion represents if the figure represents one
unit
3. The figure represents 1 unit. Write the numerical form of the fraction represented
by the shaded area.

4. Which part of the figure is shaded?

5. (HOTS) Which fractions of the letters shown below are vowels?

6. (HOTS)Each square represents one unit. Write the fraction represented by the
shaded part in each.
7.3 Measuring Using Fractional Units

3
1. We usually read the fraction in word form as ____________.
4
2. In a fraction, the __________ is the top number.
3. The bottom number in a fraction is called the __________.
6
4. In the fraction , the numerator is __________, and the denominator is
8
__________.
5. Match each fractional unit with the correct picture:

4
A.
14

1.
3
B.
4

2.
1
C.
3

3.
4
D.
6

4.

1 1
6. Make using a paper strip. Can you use this to also make ?
4 8
7. We can describe how much the quantity is by collecting together the fractional
units.
Draw a picture and write an addition statement to show:
1 1
a. 3 times of a pizza b. 6 times of a pizza
3 3
8. Take a strip of paper. We consider this paper strip to be one unit long. Fold the strip
into eight equal parts and then open it up again. If the total length of the strip is
considered as one unit, what is the length of each part created by the creases? Draw
the picture of the same.

7.4 Marking Fraction Lengths on the Number Line

1. Write the fraction for the figure given in the improper form:

1 1 4
2. On a number line, draw lines of lengths , ,
6 2 6
3. Mark fractions on the number line
6 13 3 15
1) 2) 3) 4)
5 5 5 5

4 6
4. Fill in the fraction and on the number line
8 8

5. Write the fraction corresponding to each level in the improper form. If fraction is
less than 1 , write it in proper form. The thick marking represents the natural number.

6. Write the proper fraction corresponding to number A on the number line shown
below.

7. Write the improper fraction corresponding to number A on the number line shown
below.

13
8. If P= , then show P on the number line.
4

9.
A. 7
P.
10
B. 2
Q.
10

C. 3
R.
10

5
S.
10

7.5 Mixed Fractions

1. A mixed number or mixed fraction contains a ___________ (called the whole part)
and a ___________ that is less than 1 (called the fractional part).
3
2. In the mixed fraction 2 , the whole part is ___________, and the fractional part is
4
___________.
3.A mixed number can also be converted into an ___________ fraction.
4The fractional part of a mixed number always has a numerator that is ___________
than the denominator.
8
5. How many whole units are there in ?
3
5 9
6. How many whole units are there in and in ?
4 4
7. Write the following fractions as mixed fractions
11 6 13 19
a. b. c. d.
2 4 5 3
8. Write the following mixed numbers as fractions:
3 4 1 1 9 3
a. 3 b. 2 c. 2 d. 5 e. 7 f. 1
4 7 4 3 11 8
9. (HOTS)
Give your answer in mixed fraction form.

7.6 Equivalent Fractions

1. Observe the paper strips and answer the following

1 3
a. Are the length and equivalent ?
3 9
2 5
b. Are the length and equivalent?
3 9
1 2
c. How many pieces of will make ?
9 3

2 3 4
2. Are , , equivalent fractions? Why?
8 12 16
3
3. Write two equivalent fractions for .
5
2 ❑ ❑ ❑
4. = ❑ = ❑ = ❑ (Write five equivalent fractions)
7
5. One pizza was shared equally by three children. What fraction of the whole did
each child get? Also express this event through division facts, addition facts, and
multiplication facts.
6. Three chocolate bars are shared equally by six children. Show the division in the
picture and write a fraction for how much each child gets. Also, write the
corresponding division facts, addition facts, and, multiplication facts.

Fraction of chocolate each child gets is ______.

Division fact:
Addition fact:
Multiplication fact:

7. 6 liters of milk shared equally among 4 people is the same as _12__ liters shared
equally among ___ people.
6 12
So, =
4 ?

8. 9 apples divided equally among 3 friends is the same as ___ apples divided equally
among _6__ friends.
9 ?
So, =
3 6
9. 5 pizzas shared among 8 children is equivalent to _15__ pizzas shared among ___
children.
5 15
So, =
8 ?

10. Can you notice any relationship between the numerator and denominator when
you simplify these fractions?

4 8 2 6 10
, , , ,
10 20 5 30 25

11Which group gets a larger share per person?

Group 1: 1 sandwiches shared equally among 5 friends.
Group 2: 6 sandwiches shared equally among 4 friends.

12Which group gets a larger share per person?

Group 1: 9 cookies divided equally among 6 children.
Group 2: 5 cookies divided equally among 3 children.
13.Find equivalent fractions for the given pairs of fractions such that the fractional
units are the same.
6 2
a. and
3 5
7 5
b. and
5 10
4 4
c. and
5 6
4 7
d. and
7 5
5 6
e. and
4 2
2 3
f. and
10 9
5 8
g. and
6 7
11 10
h. and
6 9

14. Express the following fractions in lowest terms:

18
a.
27
49
b.
91
22
c.
121
60
d.
125

7.7 Comparing Fractions

1. Compare the following fractions :
2 5
a. ,
5 2
4 5
b. ,
9 8
6 2
c. ,
10 5
12 8
d. ,
4 2
8 5
e. ,
6 3

2. Write the following fractions in ascending order.

4 2 6
a. , ,
6 5 3
12 15 7
b. , ,
8 16 24

3. Write the following fractions in descending order.

21 7 2 17
a. , , ,
3 6 12 9
6 3 5 9
b. , , ,
4 8 8 12
4. Write the following fractions in ascending order.
19 14 26
, ,
4 3 7

7.8 Addition and Subtraction of Fractions

1. Add the following fractions using Brahmagupta’s method and give the answer in
lowest form
1 6
a. +
7 7
3 4
b. +
6 7
15 7
c. +
4 8
5 6
d. +
8 9
1 1 1
e. + +
2 4 8
11 10
f. +
2 4
8 3
g. +
6 6
2. Carry out the following subtractions using Brahmagupta’s method:
10 7
a. -
4 4
 15 12
b. -
8 8
14 9
c. -
7 7
3. Subtract as indicated:
1 5
a. Subtract from
3 6
7 5
b. Subtract from
16 8
30 45
c. Subtract from
4 4

1 3
4. Aman poured liter of orange juice and liter of apple juice into a jug to make a
2 5
fruit punch. What is the total amount of punch in the jug?

3 5
5. Meera used meter of ribbon for a gift box and meter for a craft project. What is
8 8
the total length of ribbon she used? Does she have enough if she initially bought 1
meter of ribbon

2 th 1
6. Harry sharpened of his new pencil in the first period and th of the pencil in
10 8
the second period. How much of his pencil has he sharpened by the end of the second
period?

5 2
7. Ravi’s house is km from the market. He cycles for km and walks the
6 3
remaining distance to reach the market. How far does he walk?

3 2
8. Asha reads of a book on Monday and of it on Tuesday. Did she finish the
5 7
book? If not, how much more does she need to read?

2 5
9. Sam's recipe requires cup of flour and cup of sugar. How much more flour
3 8
than sugar does the recipe use?

10. (HOTS) In a basket there are 7 bananas , 9 apples, and 3 oranges. Find out the
fraction that represents the sum of bananas and oranges as a fraction of all fruits?
7.9 A Pinch of History

1. In ancient India, a fraction was called ______ in Sanskrit, meaning ‘broken’.

2. Another term for a fraction in Sanskrit was ______ or ______, meaning ‘part’ or
‘piece’.

Chapter End Assignment

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which of the following best defines a fraction?

a) A number representing part of a whole or part of a group
b) A number used to express only whole quantities
c) A sum of two integers
d) A measurement of area
3 2
2. Which of the following figure represents - shaded fraction?
5 5

a b.

c d.

3
3. Which fraction is equivalent to ?
4
6
a)
9
9
b)
12
2
c)
5
4
d)
6
4. What is 2 ⅓ written as an improper fraction?
5
a)
3
8
b)
3
 7
c)
3
6
d)
4
18
5. Which of the following is the simplest form of ?
24
9
a)
12
4
b)
6
3
c)
4
6
d)
8
1 2
6. What is the sum of and ?
2 3
19
a)
4
7
b)
6
5
c)
6
1
d) 1
6
5 3
7. If you subtract from , what do you get?
8 4
1
a)
8
2
b)
8
1
c)
4
3
d)
8
8. A rectangle is divided into 8 equal parts, and 5 parts are shaded. What fraction of
the rectangle is shaded?
5
a)
8
3
b)
8
1
c)
2
7
d)
8
24
9. Which fraction is the lowest form of ?
36
2
a)
3
 3
b)
4
4
c)
9
5
d)
6
10. How do you represent 1 as a fraction?
1
a)
1
2
b)
2
3
c)
3
d) All of the above
11
11. Which mixed fraction is equivalent to ?
4
3
a) 2
4
1
b) 3
4
1
c) 2
2
7
d) 4
4
12. If two circles are divided into 5 equal parts each, and 7 parts are shaded in total,
what is the fraction of the shaded area?
2
a) 2
5
2
b) 1
5
7
c)
5
1
d) 1
5
13. A pizza is divided into 8 equal slices. Rohan ate 3 slices, and his sister ate 2 slices.
What fraction of the pizza is left?
1
a)
2
3
b)
8
5
c)
8
1
d)
4
5 1
14. Sarah had of a pizza, and she gave of it to her friend. How much pizza does
6 3
Sarah have now?
 2
a)
6
1
b)
2
1
c)
3
4
d)
6

Puzzle

Fraction Puzzle: The Mystery of the Mixed Fruit Basket

A fruit seller has a basket filled with different fruits, and each type of fruit represents
a fraction of the whole basket. Solve the following to find the mystery fruit!

 1/4 of the basket contains apples.

 1/3 of the basket contains bananas.
 1/6 of the basket contains grapes.
 The rest of the basket contains mystery fruit.

Challenge:

1. What fraction of the basket is filled with the mystery fruit?

2. If the total basket weighs 12 kg, how many kilograms are the mystery fruits?

Bonus Twist:
The mystery fruit is divided evenly among 3 children. How much fruit does each
child receive?

Case Study

Fractions in a School Canteen

Introduction:
The students of Greenfield School visit the canteen during their lunch break to share
snacks. Different groups of students order items like sandwiches, juices, and pizzas.
The canteen uses fractions to distribute portions fairly among students. This case
study explores how fractions help with dividing food equally and understanding
leftover portions.

Scenario:
A group of friends – Aanya, Rohan, Priya, and Kabir – ordered 3 large sandwiches
and 2 bottles of juice. They wanted to share the food equally among themselves. Let’s
use fractions to answer a few questions about how much each student received and
how the portions are divided.
Data and Questions:

Sandwich Sharing:
Each sandwich is divided into 3 equal parts.

1.How many parts of sandwiches are available in total?

2. If each friend gets an equal share, how much sandwich does each of
them get?

Juice Bottles:
Each bottle contains 1 liter of juice.

1. If the 2 bottles are shared equally among 4 students, how many liters of juice does
each friend get?

Leftover Sandwich:
1
After sharing the sandwiches, of a sandwich is left over.
3

2.What fraction of the total sandwiches is eaten?

Comparison Question:
Priya says, “I got more sandwich than juice.” Is her statement true or false? Justify
your answer using fractions.

Assertion Reasoning Questions

3
1. Assertion (A): A mixed fraction like 2 can always be converted to an improper
4
fraction.
Reasoning (R): Mixed fractions represent a combination of a whole number and a
fraction, which is equivalent to an improper fraction.

(a) Both A and R are true, and R explains A.

(b) Both A and R are true, but R does not explain A.

(c) A is true, but R is false.

(d) A is false, but R is true

1 1 2
2. Assertion (A): The sum of and is .
3 6 9
Reasoning (R): To add fractions, we must first find a common denominator.

(a) Both A and R are true, and R explains A.

(b) Both A and R are true, but R does not explain A.

(c) A is false, but R is true.

(d) Both A and R are false.

3. Assertion (A): A fraction is said to be in its lowest form when the numerator and
denominator have no common factor other than 1.
12
Reasoning (R): The fraction is in its lowest form because both numbers are
18
divisible by 6.

(a) Both A and R are true, and R explains A.

(b) Both A and R are true, but R does not explain A.

(c) A is true, but R is false.

(d) Both A and R are false.

Test Yourself (Maximum Marks: 30)

1. A fraction in which the numerator is greater than or equal to the denominator is

called an ___________ fraction. (1 nark)
2. A ___________ fraction is a combination of a whole number and a proper fraction.
(1 nark)
3. Two fractions that represent the same value but have different numerators and
denominators are called ___________ fractions. (1 nark)
1 1
4. 3+ = __ + __ + ___ + ( 1 Mark)
8 8
5. Write mixed the fraction representing the shaded part: (1 nark)

11
6. If M= , then mark M on the number line : (1 nark)
8

16
7. How many whole units are there in ? (1 mark)
3
8. Express the following fractions in their lowest form: (2 marks)
18
a)
24
20
b)
35
9. Convert the following improper fractions to mixed fractions:(2 marks)
11
a)
4
25
b)
8
10. Convert the following mixed fractions to improper fractions: (2 marks)
2
a) 3
5
1
b)5
4
3
11. Find the equivalent fractions of if the denominator is given: (2 marks)
4
a) D=8
b) D=16
12. Compare the following fractions using <, >, or =: (2 marks)
5 7
a) _____
6 9
2 4
b) ______
3 6
13. Add the following fractions: (2 marks)
2 3
a) +
5 10
7 5
b) +
12 18
14. Subtract the following fractions: (2 marks)
5 2
a) -
6 9
1 1
b) -
2 4
2 3
15. Rahim mixed liters of orange juice with liters of mango juice. How much
3 5
juice does he have in total? (2 marks)
16. A group of friends ordered 3 pizzas. Each pizza was divided into 8 slices. If they
ate 17 slices in total, how much pizza is left? Express your answer as a fraction. (2
marks)
5 3
17. Arjun ran kilometers in the morning and kilometers in the evening. How far
8 4
did he run in total? (2 marks)
18. The picture shows a whole chocolate: (3 marks)

How much of a whole chocolate in each piece? Write your answer in fractional units

1)
2)

3)