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    CK 2 Offline

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    CK 2 Offline

    Uploaded by

    shreeramkarthikbr
    5 views19 pages

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    Ck 2 Offline

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    5 views19 pages

    CK 2 Offline

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    of 19

    CHEMICAL KINETICS

    In the reaction H2O2(aq) → H2O(l) + ½ O2(g), the initial concentration of H2O2 is 0.2546 M, and the initial rate
    of reaction is 9.32×10–4 M s–1. What will be [H2O2] at t= 35 s?
    For the reaction A + 3B → 2C, how does the rate of disappearance of B compare to the rate of production of C?
    a. the rate of disappearance of B is 1/2 the rate of appearance of C
    b. the rate of disappearance of B is 3/2 the rate of appearance of C
    c. the rate of disappearance of B is 2/3 the rate of appearance of C
    d. the rate of disappearance of B is 1/3 the rate of appearance of C

    A scientist conducts an experiment to determine the rate of the following reaction: N2(g) + O2(g) → 2NO(g) If the initial
    concentration of N2 was 0.500 M and the concentration of N2 was 0.450 M after 0.100 s, what is the rate of the reaction?

    a. 0.500 M/s b. 1.00 M/s c. 5.00 M/s d. 10.0 M/s e. 0.250 M/s
    HI dissociates to form I2 and H2: 2HI(g) → H2(g) + I2(g) If the concentration of HI changes at a rate of –0.45 M/s, what is
    the rate of appearance of I2(g)? a. 0.90 M/s b. 0.45 M/s c. 0.23 M/s d. 1.00 M/s e. 0.13 M/s

    For the reaction 2A + B + 2C → D + 2E, the rate law is: rate =k[A]2 [B]1 [C]1 Which of the following statements is false:

    a. the reaction is second order in [A]


    b. the reaction is first order in [B]
    c. the reaction is second order in [C]
    d. the reaction is 4th order overall
    For a reaction A+B-products, the rate of reaction was double when the concentration of A was double, the rate was again
    double when the conc. of A and B were doubled the order of the reaction with respect A and B are?
    Complex reactions involving more than three molecules in the stoichiometric equation must take place in more than one
    step.

    KClO3 + 6FeSO4 + 3H2SO4 → KCl + 3Fe2(SO4)3 + 3H2O

    This reaction which apparently seems to be of tenth order is actually a second order reaction. This shows that this
    reaction takes place in several steps.

    Which step controls the rate of the overall reaction?


    The question can be answered if we go through the mechanism of reaction. the overall rate of the reaction is controlled
    by the slowest step in a reaction called the rate determining step.
    Molecularity of a Reaction

    The number of reacting species (atoms, ions or molecules) taking part in an elementary reaction, which must
    collide simultaneously in order to bring about a chemical reaction is called molecularity of a reaction.

    Reactions with the molecularity three are very rare and slow to proceed.
    Consider the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide which is catalysed by iodide ion in an alkaline
    medium.

    The rate equation for this reaction is found to be

    This reaction is first order with respect to both H2O2 and I– . Evidences suggest that this reaction
    takes place in two steps
    (1) H2O2 + I– → H2O + IO–
    (2) H2O2 + IO– → H2O + I– + O2

    • Both the steps are bimolecular elementary reactions.


    • Species IO- is called as an intermediate since it is formed during the course of the reaction but not in
    the overall balanced equation.
    • The first step, being slow, is the rate determining step.
    • Thus, the rate of formation of intermediate will determine the rate of this reaction.
    ORDER MOLECULARITY
    the sum of powers of the concentration The number of reacting species (atoms,
    of the reactants in the rate law expression ions or molecules) taking part in an
    is called the order of that chemical elementary reaction, which must collide
    reaction. simultaneously in order to bring about a
    chemical reaction is called molecularity of a
    reaction.
    Order of a reaction is an experimental Molecularity of a reaction is determined by
    quantity. knowing the mechanism

    It can be zero and even a fraction molecularity cannot be zero or a non


    integer.
    Order of a reaction is applicable to both Molecularity of a reaction is applicable to
    elementary and complex reaction elementary reactions only.
    Integrated Rate Equations

    The concentration dependence of rate is called differential rate equation. It is not always convenient
    to determine the instantaneous rate, as it is measured by determination of slope of the tangent at
    point ‘t’ in concentration vs time plot. This makes it difficult to determine the rate law and hence the
    order of the reaction. In order to avoid this difficulty, we can integrate the differential rate equation to
    give a relation between directly measured experimental data, i.e., concentrations at different times
    and rate constant.
    Zero Order Reactions
    First Order Reactions

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