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SDLC Grade 11 - EM

System Development Life Cycle for Grade 11 ICT (English Medium)

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3K views41 pages

SDLC Grade 11 - EM

System Development Life Cycle for Grade 11 ICT (English Medium)

Uploaded by

Roo Anu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SYSTEM

DEVELOPMENT
LIFE CYCLE
Unit 02 | Grade 11

Ruwani Sirisena
What is a System ?

● A system is a collection of components


that interact to achieve a specific task.
BASIC ELEMENTS
OF A SYSTEM
● A system consists of three basic
components.
1. Input
2. Process
3. Output
Input Process Output
INFORMATION
SYSTEMS
A system which converts data into
Information is known as
information system.
Information Systems

Manual Information Computer Based


Systems Information Systems
Manual Information Systems

• Manual information system is a system whereby


humans are required to perform all the tasks.
• In manual information systems, no mechanical or
electronic devices are used to perform any task, all are
done manually.
Examples :
• Manual Student Information System
• Manual Employee Information System
Computer Based Information Systems (CBIS)

● A system which converts data into Information using a


computer is known as a computer based information
system.
● A computer based information system uses computers
to collect, process, store, analyze and distribute
information for a specific purpose.
Examples :

• Library Management Systems


• Employee Management Systems
• Salary Management Systems
SYSTEM
DEVELOPMENT
LIFE CYCLE
To develop an
information system,
there are different

SDLC methodologies. The


System Development
Life Cycle is one
aspect of the
process.
Identification of Requirements

STEPS OF
Designing the Solution

SDLC
Coding of the Solution

Testing and Debugging

Deployment of the System

Maintenance of the System


Identification

Designing
Maintenance

Coding
Deployment

Testing
Identification of Requirements
● A complete investigation on the existing manual system or
the computer based system to be delivered is carried out
in this phase.
● Aspects such as objectives, benefits, efficiency etc. are
constructed.
● At this stage, the system analyst will study the existing
system extensively and identify new requirements.
● The developer also collects information to fulfill the needs
of the user.
Feasibility Study

• Technical Feasibility
• Economic Feasibility
• Operational Feasibility
Methods of gathering information

1. Observation
2. Interviews
3. Questionnaire
4. Document sample collection
5. Prototyping
Designing the solution

● The primary objective is to design the new system.


● Activities related to the design process ;
ü Identification of software and software architecture

ü Designing user interface and preparation of data storage

ü Identification of main hardware systems and its components

ü Identification of dependency of each sub-system

ü Deciding on the required hardware and software to run the system

ü Designing infrastructure for software, databases, user interfaces

ü Planning of tests
Coding of the solution

• The main objective of this stage is coding of


the proposed system, using a suitable
computer language.
• The simplicity and efficiency of the code make
it easier to understand and build.
• A well-written code makes it easy to read and
understand and reduces maintenance cost.
Testing and debugging

● The main objective of this phase is to resolve errors.


● Errors in cording, planning and requirements are corrected.
● Methods to test a system ;
ü Unit Testing
ü Intergrated Testing
ü System Testing
ü Acceptance Testing
Each unit in the system is tested.
- Outputs are tested against the given output.
Unit Often, this testing is conducted by the
Testing computer programmer to confirm whether
there are any errors in the code.
The system tests the integration of
different units.
- It examines whether data and
Intergrated information flow correctly between
Testing these units.
- This process helps identify any errors
that may occur during the system
design phase.
- The entire system is checked to ensure
System it is functioning correctly.
- Pays careful attention to risky
Testing situations, interactions with the
operating system, etc.
- At the end of system testing, the user
is allowed to use the system.
Acceptance - Here, the user either approves the
Testing proposed system or points out any
corrections that need to be made.
Deployment of the system

● Deployment of the system which has been tested and


debugged is carried out at this stage.
● Different deployment approaches to deploy a system.
ü Direct deployment
ü Parallel deployment
ü Pilot deployment
ü Phase deployment
Completely removing the old
system and implementing the new
system.
Direct
Deployment
The existing and the new systems are used
parallel for a certain period.
- If the new system proves successful, the old
Parallel system can be terminated and the new
Deployment system continues.
Pilot deployment is about using the newly
developed system in a selected area.
Pilot
Deployment
The new system is deployed in stages.
- Success with each stage leads to the next
and in completing the new system, the old
Phase system is completely replaced by the new.
Deployment
Maintenance of the system
● A system once installed and in the use for a certain period, needs to
be maintained well.
● The computers, software and computer networks are all maintained
in this manner.
● With system maintenance, the following may be required.

○ Developing systems to suit new user requirements


○ Issues that surfaced with the use of the system which were not
identified during system development.

○ Adopting new, technology into the new system to improve


efficiency
SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE

MODELS
System Development Life cycle Models

1. Waterfall Model
2. Interactive Incremental Model
3. Prototype Model
4. Spiral Model
Waterfall
Model
The Waterfall Model consists of several stages of linear
development.
- To develop a system using the Waterfall Model, the
following need consideration.
- First identify requirements
- Complete one stage before going to the next phase
- The result of the developed system is found at the
final stage. This model has a limitation of developing
a system that is different to what the user wants as
the user sees the system at the end of the Life Cycle.
Interactive
Incremental
Model
The system is developed in an iterative and incremental
manner, where a small portion is repeatedly improved in
each iteration.
- System developers can use the knowledge gained from
previous steps.
- The main steps begin with the simple implementation of a
system requirement.
- The system is incrementally improved through iterations
until it is fully developed.
- With each iteration, changes are made to the system
design, and new functionalities are added.
For Extra Knowledge

https://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/software-development-life-cycle-sdlc/
THANK YOU

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