//Name-Dewansh Binjola

//sec-B2,roll no-20
//course-BCA(AI+DS)
Q9. Write a java program, you are required to design a
class named Rectangle that has the following attributes
and methods:
1. Attributes:
o width (of type double)
o height (of type double)
2. Methods:
• A parameterized constructor to initialize width
and height.
 A method named calculateArea that calculates
and returns the area of the rectangle.

Write a Java program to achieve the following:

1. Define the Rectangle class with the specified
attributes and method.
2. In the main method, create an object of the
Rectangle class using the parameterized constructor
and initialize the width and height with values of your
choice.
3. Call the calculateArea method on the created
object and print the result.
CODE:-
class Rectangle{
double width;
double height;
Rectangle(double width,double height){
this.width=width;
this.height=height;
}
double calculateArea(){
double a=width*height;
return a;
}
}

class Test{
public static void main(String[] args){
Rectangle obj=new Rectangle(10.8,10.6);
System.out.println("The area of Rectangle is -
"+obj.calculateArea());
}
}

OUTPUT:-
//Name-Dewansh Binjola
//sec-B2,roll no-20
//course-BCA(AI+DS)

Q10. Write a java program for, imagine you are

developing a software system for a library that
manages different types of media items: books,
magazines, and DVDs. Each type of media has different
ways to display its information. You decide to use
method overloading to handle this.
1. Create a class named Mediaitem that contains
overloaded methods named displayinfo. These methods
should handle the following scenarios:
• Display information about a book, including its
title, author, and publication year.
• Display information about a magazine,
including its title, issue number, and publication month.
Display information about a DVD, including its title,
director, price and release year.
2. In the main method, create objects for each
type of media item and call the overloaded displayinfo
methods to show their respective details.
CODE:-
public class MediaItem {

public void displayInfo(String title, String author, int

publicationYear) {
System.out.println("Book Details:");
System.out.println("Title: " + title);
System.out.println("Author: " + author);
System.out.println("Publication Year: " + publicationYear);
System.out.println();
}

public void displayInfo(String title, int issueNumber, String

publicationMonth) {
System.out.println("Magazine Details:");
System.out.println("Title: " + title);
System.out.println("Issue Number: " + issueNumber);
System.out.println("Publication Month: " +
publicationMonth);
System.out.println();
}

public void displayInfo(String title, String director, double

price, int releaseYear) {
 System.out.println("DVD Details:");
System.out.println("Title: " + title);
System.out.println("Director: " + director);
System.out.println("Price: $" + price);
System.out.println("Release Year: " + releaseYear);
System.out.println();
}

public static void main(String[] args) {

MediaItem mediaItem = new MediaItem();

mediaItem.displayInfo("The Great Gatsby", "F. Scott

Fitzgerald", 1925);
mediaItem.displayInfo("National Geographic", 101,
"September");
mediaItem.displayInfo("Inception", "Christopher Nolan",
19.99, 2010);
}
}

OUTPUT:-
//Name-Dewansh Binjola
//sec-B2,roll no-20
//course-BCA(AI+DS)

Q11. In a lush forest, there lived a variety of animals,

each with unique characteristics and behaviors. The
animals decided to create a talent show to showcase
their abilities. They agreed on a rule: each animal must
present its special talent by overriding a common
method in a base class named Animal.
The Participants:
1. Lion: The Lion’s roar is powerful and majestic.
2. Bird: The Bird sings melodious tunes.
3. Frog: The Frog croaks rhythmically.
The Challenge:
Each animal must extend the Animal class and override the
makeSound method to reflect their unique sound.
1. The Lion should override makeSound to print “Roar!”.
2. The Bird should override makeSound to print “Chirp!”.
3. The Frog should override makeSound to print “Ribbit!”.
Question:
Write a Java program that demonstrates the following:

• Define the Lion, Bird, and Frog classes that extend the Animal class and override
the makeSound method as described.

• In the main method, create instances of Lion, Bird, and Frog, and call their
makeSound methods.

• Ensure that the correct sound is printed for each animal.

Bonus:

• Add a describe method in the Animal class that each subclass can override to
provide a description of the animal. Ensure that the description is unique for each
animal.

This question tests understanding of method overriding, polymorphism, and class

inheritance in Java.

CODE:-
public class Animal {
public void makeSound() {
System.out.println("The animal makes a sound."); }
public void describe() {
System.out.println("This is a generic animal.");}}
class Lion extends Animal {
@Override
public void makeSound() {
System.out.println("Roar!"); }
@Override
public void describe() {
System.out.println("The Lion is known as the king of the
jungle."); }}
class Bird extends Animal {
 @Override
public void makeSound() {
System.out.println("Chirp!"); }
@Override
public void describe() {
System.out.println("The Bird sings melodious tunes."); }}
class Frog extends Animal {
@Override
public void makeSound() {
System.out.println("Ribbit!");
}

@Override
public void describe() {
System.out.println("The Frog croaks rhythmically."); }}
public class AnimalTalentShow {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Animal lion = new Lion();
Animal bird = new Bird();
Animal frog = new Frog();
lion.makeSound();
lion.describe();
bird.makeSound();
bird.describe();
frog.makeSound();
frog.describe();
}
}

OUTPUT:-

//Name-Dewansh Binjola
//sec-B2,roll no-20
//course-BCA(AI+DS)

Q12. Sam is a junior data analyst working on a project

that involves processing large sets of numerical data.
His current task is to help his team identify specific
data points from an array of numbers. The array
contains various integers representing the results of a
series of tests conducted in a lab.
Sam needs to write a program that will allow his team
to quickly determine whether a specific test result (an
integer) is present in the array of test results. If the
number is found, the program should return the index
where the number is located in the array. If the number
is not found, the program should inform the team that
the result is not present in the dataset.
Task:
Write a Java program that takes an array of integers
and a target integer to search for. Your program should
then search for the integer in the array and return its
index if found. If the integer is not found, the program
should return a message saying the number is not
present.
Example:
Given an array of integers:
Java
Copy code
Int[] testResults = {23, 45, 67, 89, 12, 34, 56, 78};
If Sam searches for the number 67, the program should return:
Number found at index 2
If Sam searches for the number 100, the program should return: Number
not present.

CODE:-
import java.util.Scanner;
public class TestResultSearch {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] testResults = {23, 45, 67, 89, 12, 34, 56, 78};
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter the test result to search for: ");
int target = scanner.nextInt();
int index = searchTestResult(testResults, target);
if (index != -1) {
System.out.println("Number found at index: " + index);
} else {
System.out.println("Number not present."); }
scanner.close();}
 public static int searchTestResult(int[] array, int target) {
for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
if (array[i] == target) {
return i; // Return the index if the number is found} }
return -1; // Return -1 if the number is not found }}

OUTPUT:-

//Name-Dewansh Binjola
//sec-B2,roll no-20
//course-BCA(AI+DS)
Q13.Alex is a software developer working on a project
for a library management system. One of the features
he needs to implement is a search functionality that
allows the librarian to quickly find if a particular book is
available in the library's database. The database is
represented as an array of book titles.
The librarian enters the title of the book they are
looking for, and Alex's program should return whether
the book is available in the array or not. If the book is
found, the program should display the position of the
book in the array; otherwise, it should inform the
librarian that the book is not available.
Task:
Write a Java program that takes an array of book titles
and a search query (the title of the book the librarian is
looking for). Your program should then search for the
book title in the array and return its index if found. If
the title is not found, the program should return a
message saying the book is not available.
Example:
Given an array of book titles:
String[] books = {"The Great Gatsby", "1984", "To Kill a
Mockingbird", "The Catcher in the Rye", "Moby Dick"};
If the librarian searches for "1984", the program should
return:
Book found at index 1
If the librarian searches for "War and Peace", the
program should return:
Book not available
CODE:-
import java.util.Scanner;
public class LibrarySearch {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String[] books = { "The Great Gatsby", "1984", "To Kill a
Mockingbird", "The Catcher in the Rye","Moby Dick" };
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter the title of the book you are
looking for: ");
String searchQuery = scanner.nextLine();
int index = searchBook(books, searchQuery);
if (index != -1) {
System.out.println("Book found at index: " + index);
 } else {
System.out.println("Book not available.");
}
scanner.close();
}
public static int searchBook(String[] array, String title) {
for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
if (array[i].equalsIgnoreCase(title)) {
return i; // Return the index if the book is found
}
}
return -1; // Return -1 if the book is not found
}
}

OUTPUT:-
//Name-Dewansh Binjola
//sec-B2,roll no-20
//course-BCA(AI+DS)
Q14.Write a program to implement Bubble short.
CODE:-

class HelloWorld {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int temp;
int[] array={9,5,7,2,4,0,1,8};
for(int i=0;i<array.length;i++){
 for(int j=i;j<array.length;j++){
if(array[i]>array[j]){
temp=array[i];
array[i]=array[j];
array[j]=temp;
}
}
}
for(int i=0;i<array.length;i++){
System.out.print(" "+array[i]);}
}
}

OUTPUT:-

//Name-Dewansh Binjola
//sec-B2,roll no-20
//course-BCA(AI+DS)
Q15. Write a program to implement Binary search.
CODE:-
import java.util.Scanner;
public class BinarySearch {
public static int binarySearch(int[] array, int target) {
int left = 0;
int right = array.length - 1;
while (left <= right) {
int mid = left + (right - left) / 2;
if (array[mid] == target) {
return mid; }
if (array[mid] < target) {
left = mid + 1;
} else {
right = mid - 1; } }
return -1; }
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] sortedArray = {11, 22, 34, 56, 64, 78, 90};
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter the number to search for:
");
int target = scanner.nextInt();
int result = binarySearch(sortedArray, target);
if (result != -1) {
System.out.println("Number found at index: " +
result);
} else {
 System.out.println("Number not found.");
}
scanner.close();
}
}

OUTPUT:-

//Name-Dewansh Binjola
//sec-B2,roll no-20
//course-BCA(AI+DS)
Q16. Imagine you are developing a simple console-
based text adventure game. In this game, the player
encounters a magical door that requires them to
choose the correct key to open it. There are four keys,
each with a unique number associated with it:
Key 1: Opens the door to a treasure room.
Key 2: Opens the door to a room filled with traps.
Key 3: Opens the door to a room with a friendly dragon
who offers advice.
Key 4: Opens the door to a dark, mysterious room with
unknown dangers.
Write a Java program that prompts the player to choose
a key by entering a number from 1 to 4. Use a switch
statement to determine the outcome based on the
player's choice and display the appropriate message.
Requirements:
The program should prompt the player to enter a
number between 1 and 4.
Use a switch statement to handle the different
outcomes:
If the player chooses 1, display: "You have opened the
treasure room! Congratulations!"
If the player chooses 2, display: "Oh no! You fell into a
trap!"
If the player chooses 3, display: "The friendly dragon
gives you wise advice for your journey."
If the player chooses 4, display: "You enter a dark,
mysterious room... Beware!"
If the player enters a number outside the range of 1 to
4, display: "Invalid choice. Please choose a number
between 1 and 4."
Example Output:
Input: 1
Output: You have opened the treasure room!
Congratulations!
Input: 3
Output: The friendly dragon gives you wise advice for
your journey.
Input: 5
Output: Invalid choice. Please choose a number
between 1 and 4.

CODE:-

import java.util.Scanner;
public class TextAdventureGame {
public static void main(String[] args) {

Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.println("You encounter a magical door.");
System.out.println("Choose a key by entering a number
from 1 to 4:");
System.out.println("1: Opens the treasure room.");
System.out.println("2: Opens the room filled with traps.");
System.out.println("3: Opens the room with a friendly
dragon.");
System.out.println("4: Opens the dark, mysterious
room.");

int choice = scanner.nextInt();

switch (choice) {
case 1:
System.out.println("You have opened the treasure
room! Congratulations!");
break;
case 2:
 System.out.println("Oh no! You fell into a trap!");
break;
case 3:
System.out.println("The friendly dragon gives you
wise advice for your journey.");
break;
case 4:
System.out.println("You enter a dark, mysterious
room... Beware!");
break;
default:
System.out.println("Invalid choice. Please choose a
number between 1 and 4.");
break;
}
scanner.close();

OUTPUT:-

//Name-Dewansh Binjola
//sec-B2,roll no-20
//course-BCA(AI+DS)
Q17. Write a Java program that takes an integer input
from the user and determines whether the number is
positive, negative, or zero. The program should display
an appropriate message for each case.
Requirements:
1. The program should prompt the user to enter an
integer.
2. If the entered number is greater than 0, the
program should print “The number is positive.”
3. If the entered number is less than 0, the program
should print “The number is negative.”
4. If the entered number is exactly 0, the program
should print “The number is zero.”
Example Output:
1. Input: 15
Output: The number is positive.
2. Input: -7
Output: The number is negative.
3. Input: 0
Output: The number is zero.

CODE:-

import java.util.Scanner;
public class NumberCheck {
public static void main(String[] args) {
 Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter an integer: ");
int number = scanner.nextInt();
if (number > 0) {
System.out.println("The number is positive.");
} else if (number < 0) {
System.out.println("The number is negative.");
} else {
System.out.println("The number is zero.");
}
scanner.close();

OUTPUT:-

//Name-Dewansh Binjola
//sec-B2,roll no-6
//course-BCA(AI+DS)
Q18.
.
. . .
. . . . .
. . . . . .

CODE:-
class star{
public static void main(String args[]){
for(int i=1;i<=5;i++){
for(int j=1;j<=9;j++){
if(j<=5-1){
System.out.print(" ");
}
else if (j<5+1)
{
System.out.print("*");
else{
System.out.print(" ");
}
}
System.out.println();
}
}
}

OUTPUT:-
//Name-Dewansh Binjola
//sec-B2,roll no-20
//course-BCA(AI+DS)
Q19. Create a Java class called Library that keeps track of the number of
books issued to users and provides a way to issue books. Use static
variables and static methods for this purpose.
• The class should have a static variable totalBooksIssued that tracks
how many books have been issued in total across all users.
• Create a static method issueBook() that increments the
totalBooksIssued by 1 each time a book is issued.
• Create a static method getTotalBooksIssued() that returns the total
number of books issued.
Write a program to demonstrate the functionality of the Library class by
issuing books for different users and printing the total number of books
issued after each operation.
CODE:-
public class Library {
private static int totalBooksIssued = 0;
public static void issueBook() {
totalBooksIssued++;
System.out.println("A book has been issued.");
}
public static int getTotalBooksIssued() {
return totalBooksIssued;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
issueBook();
System.out.println("Total books issued: " +
getTotalBooksIssued());
issueBook();
System.out.println("Total books issued: " +
getTotalBooksIssued());
issueBook();
System.out.println("Total books issued: " +
getTotalBooksIssued());
issueBook();
System.out.println("Total books issued: " +
getTotalBooksIssued());
issueBook();
System.out.println("Total books issued: " +
getTotalBooksIssued());
}
}
OUTPUT:-

//Name-Dewansh Binjola
//sec-B2,roll no-20
//course-BCA(AI+DS)
Q20. Create a Java class called BankAccount that
manages a bank's interest rate and keeps track of the
total number of accounts created. Use static variables,
static methods, and a static block to initialize static
data.
• The class should have:
o A static variable interestRate that stores the
interest rate for all accounts (set to 3.5%).
o A static variable totalAccounts that tracks how
many bank accounts have been created.
o A non-static variable accountHolderName to store
the account holder's name.
• Use a static block to initialize the interest rate
when the class is loaded. Set the interest rate to 3.5%.
• Create a constructor that takes the account
holder's name as a parameter and increments the
totalAccounts by 1 each time a new account is created.
• Create a static method getTotalAccounts() that
returns the total number of accounts created.
• Create a static method getInterestRate() that
returns the current interest rate.
Write a program to demonstrate the functionality of the
BankAccount class by creating multiple accounts and
displaying the total number of accounts created and
the current interest rate.

CODE:-
public class BankAccount {
private static double interestRate;
private static int totalAccounts = 0;
private String accountHolderName;
static {
interestRate = 3.5;
}
public BankAccount(String accountHolderName) {
this.accountHolderName = accountHolderName;
totalAccounts++; }
 public static int getTotalAccounts() {
return totalAccounts;
}
public static double getInterestRate() {
return interestRate; }
public static void main(String[] args) {
BankAccount account1 = new
BankAccount("Alice");
BankAccount account2 = new
BankAccount("Bob");
BankAccount account3 = new
BankAccount("Charlie");
System.out.println("Total accounts created: " +
getTotalAccounts());
System.out.println("Current interest rate: " +
getInterestRate() + "%");
}
}

OUTPUT:-

//Name-Dewansh Binjola
//sec-B2,roll no-20
//course-BCA(AI+DS)
Q21. Create a Java class called Employee that stores
the details of an employee, including their employee ID,
name, and department. The employee's ID should be a
final variable, meaning it cannot be changed once it is
assigned.
• The class should have:
o A final variable employeeID that stores the
employee's unique ID.
o A variable name to store the employee's name.
o A variable department to store the employee's
department.
• Create a constructor that takes the employee's ID,
name, and department as parameters and initializes
the respective fields.
• Create a method getEmployeeDetails() that prints
the employee's details.
• Try to change the employeeID after initialization
and explain why it is not allowed.
Write a program to demonstrate the functionality of the
Employee class by creating multiple employees and
displaying their details.

CODE:-
public class Employee {
private final int employeeID;
private String name;
private String department;
public Employee(int employeeID, String name, String
department) {
 this.employeeID = employeeID;
this.name = name;
this.department = department;
}
public void getEmployeeDetails() {
System.out.println("Employee ID: " + employeeID);
System.out.println("Name: " + name);
System.out.println("Department: " + department);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Employee employee1 = new Employee(101, "Alice", "HR");
Employee employee2 = new Employee(102, "Bob", "IT");
Employee employee3 = new Employee(103, "Charlie",
"Finance");
employee1.getEmployeeDetails();
System.out.println();
employee2.getEmployeeDetails();
System.out.println();
employee3.getEmployeeDetails(); } }

OUTPUT:-
//Name-Dewansh Binjolasec-B2,roll no-20//course-
BCA(AI+DS)
Q22. you are required to create and abstract class
named vehicle that has:
-two instance variable :Brand and model.
-A constructor to initialize these variables.
-An abstract Method to calculates fuelefficiency()
that returns a double.
2. Create two classes car and bike that extend the
vehicle class:
For car, assume the fuelefficiency is calculated as.:
efficiency=distanceDriven /fuelConsumed
Where distanceDriven is a random value between 100
to 500. And fuel consumed is a random value between
5 to 50 liters.
For bike assume a fuelefficiencies calculated as:
efficiency=distanceDriven /fuelConsumed
Where distanceDriven is a random value between 100
to 500. And fuel consumed is a random value between
5 to 50 liters.
3. Write main method that creates instance of car and
bike and prints the brand model and fuel efficiency of
each vehicle.

CODE:-
import java.util.Random;
abstract class Vehicle {
private String brand;
private String model;
public Vehicle(String brand, String model) {
this.brand = brand;
this.model = model;
}
public abstract double calculateFuelEfficiency();
public String getBrand() {
 return brand;
}
public String getModel() {
return model;
}
}
class Car extends Vehicle {
public Car(String brand, String model) {
super(brand, model);
}
@Override
public double calculateFuelEfficiency() {
Random random = new Random();
double distanceDriven = 100 + (400 *
random.nextDouble());
double fuelConsumed = 5 + (45 * random.nextDouble());
return distanceDriven / fuelConsumed;
}}
class Bike extends Vehicle {
public Bike(String brand, String model) {
super(brand, model); }
@Override
public double calculateFuelEfficiency() {
Random random = new Random();
double distanceDriven = 100 + (400 *
random.nextDouble());
double fuelConsumed = 5 + (45 * random.nextDouble());
return distanceDriven / fuelConsumed; }}
public class VehicleDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Vehicle myCar = new Car("Toyota", "Corolla");
Vehicle myBike = new Bike("Yamaha", "YZF-R3");
System.out.println("Car Brand: " + myCar.getBrand());
System.out.println("Car Model: " + myCar.getModel());
System.out.println("Car Fuel Efficiency: " +
myCar.calculateFuelEfficiency() + " km/l");
System.out.println();
System.out.println("Bike Brand: " + myBike.getBrand());
System.out.println("Bike Model: " + myBike.getModel());
System.out.println("Bike Fuel Efficiency: " +
myBike.calculateFuelEfficiency() + " km/l");
}}

OUTPUT:-

//Name-Dewansh Binjola
//sec-B2,roll no-20
//course-BCA(AI+DS)
Q23. Create a interface payment method with the
following methods:
- void processpayment(double amount): This
method processes a payment of a given amount
- Void refundpayment (double amount): this
method refunds a payment of the given amount.
2.Implement two classes, creditcard and paypal that
implement the paymentmethod interface.
The credit card class should print a message like
-"processing credit card payment of $<amount>"
-" Refunding credit card payment of $<amount>".
the paypal class should print a message like
"processing payment of $<amount> "
"refunding PayPal payment of $<amount>".
Write a main method that
- creates instance of creditcard and paypal
-process a payment of $200 and then refunds $50 using
both payment methods.

CODE:-
interface PaymentMethod {
void processPayment(double amount);
void refundPayment(double amount);
}
class CreditCard implements PaymentMethod {
 @Override
public void processPayment(double amount) {
System.out.println("Processing credit card payment of $"
+ amount);
}
@Override
public void refundPayment(double amount) {
System.out.println("Refunding credit card payment of $" +
amount);
}
}
class PayPal implements PaymentMethod {
@Override
public void processPayment(double amount) {
System.out.println("Processing payment of $" + amount);
}

@Override
public void refundPayment(double amount) {
System.out.println("Refunding PayPal payment of $" +
amount);
}
}
public class PaymentDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
PaymentMethod creditCard = new CreditCard();
PaymentMethod payPal = new PayPal();
creditCard.processPayment(200);
 creditCard.refundPayment(50);
System.out.println();
payPal.processPayment(200);
payPal.refundPayment(50);
}
}

OUTPUT:-

//Name-Dewansh Binjola//sec-B2,roll no-20//course-

BCA(AI+DS)
Q24. Calculate the sum of each row in 2D array.

CODE:-
import java.util.Scanner;
class Test{
public static void main(String[] args){
Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);
int[][] array= new int[3][3];
for(int i=0;i<3;i++){
for(int j=0;j<3;j++){
int a;
System.out.print("Enter a elements in ");
a=sc.nextInt();
array[i][j]=a;}}
for(int i=0;i<3;i++){
int bo=0;
for(int j=0;j<3;j++){
bo=array[i][j]+bo; }
int p=i+1;
System.out.println("the sum of
row"+p+"-"+bo);}}}

OUTPUT:-
//Name-Dewansh Binjola
//sec-B2,roll no-6
//course-BCA(AI+DS)
Q25. Calculate even or odd elements in jacked array.

CODE:-
import java.util.Scanner;
class Test{
public static void main(String[] args){
Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);
int[][] arr=new int[3][];
arr[0]=new int[3];
arr[1]=new int[2];
arr[2]=new int[4];
for(int i=0;i<arr.length;i++){
 for(int j=0;j<arr[i].length;j++){
int a;
System.out.print("Enter a elements in ");
a=sc.nextInt();
arr[i][j]=a;} }
int even=0,odd=0;
for(int i=0;i<arr.length;i++){
for(int j=0;j<arr[i].length;j++){
if (arr[i][j]%2==0)
even=arr[i][j]+even;
else
odd=arr[i][j]+odd;} }
System.out.println("The sum of all the even elements
in the jack array is- "+even);
System.out.println("The sum of all the odd elements
in the jack array is- "+odd);}}

OUTPUT:-