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ELECTRONIC 0006 Lab

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16 views10 pages

ELECTRONIC 0006 Lab

bnbn

Uploaded by

jawad nawaz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Electronics I (EEE231)

Lab Report # 06

Name Muhammad Jawad Nawaz

Registration Number FA21-BEE-118

Class BEE-3b

Instructor’s Name Dr. Ali Arshad


Lab # 6 Current and Voltage Characteristics
ofNpn/Pnp Transistors

In-lab:
Objectives:

The purpose of this experiment is


 To demonstrate how to test npn and pnp transistors using an ohmmeter.
 To verify the voltages and currents in a base-biased circuit as well as to construct
its dc load line.
 To recognize a shorted and open transistor using Vce measurements.

EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS:

 Two 2N3904 npn transistor Breadboard

 Two 2N3906 pnp transistor Digital Multimeter

 1N914 (or 1N 4148) diode Resistors (1/4 W)

 0-15V dc power supply 1 kΩ, 560 kΩ

 1 MΩ potentiometer

 Two 2N3904 npn transistor Breadboard


Task 1:

Experiment with NPN Transistor:


Using 2N3904 npn transistor, whose schematic diagram and diode junction
representations are shown in Figure-1, connect the ohmmeter’s negative lead to the
transistor’s base lead with the ohmmeter’s positive lead connected to the
transistor’s emitter lead. In this manner, you forward biased the transistor’s base-
emitter diode junction. Note whether the reading is at the high end or low end of
the meter’s scale. Record your result in Table-1 as either “high” or “low”

Table-1: Data for NPN Transistor

Then we constructed
the circuit over
Bread Board which
is shown
below.
Then we constructed
the circuit over
Bread Board which
is shown
below.
Then we constructed the circuit over Bread Board which is shownbelow
Table2:

Transistor-1 (2N3904) Transistor-2(2N3904)


parameter
Measured Value Expected Measured Expected
Value Value Value
IB 23.9uA 25uA
24.8uA

25uA

23.9uA

25uA
24.8uA 25uA
IC 2.5mA 3.09mA 2.5mA
2.51mA

2.5mA

3.09mA

2.5mA
2.51mA

2.5mA

3.09mA

2.5mA
2.51mA

2.5mA

3.09mA

2.5mA
2.51mA
βdc 101.2 100 99 100
VB 1.12 0.798 1.69 0.789
vce 12.49 12.4 11.7 12.4

Table3:
Task 2:
Experiment with PNP Transistor:
Using a PNP transistor (2N3906), whose schematic diagram and diode junction
representation is shown in above diagram; connect the ohmmeter’s negative lead to
the transistor’s base lead and ohmmeter’s positive lead to the transistor’s emitter
lead. Note that whether the reading is at high end or low end of the meter’s scale.
Record your result in table-4 as either high or low.

Table4: Data for PNP Transistor:


Then we constructed the circuit over Bread Board which is shownbelow

Table5:
Table 6:
Condition Calculated value
Ic Vce
Saturation -0.0014A -13.57V
Cutoff -15mA -0.017V

Critical analysis:
In this lab, I learned how to use an ohm-meter to test PNP and NPN transistors.
Transistor PNP, When the emitter-base junction is forward biased, emitter current
is produced when the emitter pushes the holes towards the base area. Electrons mix
with holes as they go into the N-type semiconductor or base. The base has a little
doping and is rather thin. And The NPN transistor amplifies the weak signal that
enters the base and generates high-amplitude impulses at the collector end. The
path of travel of an electron in an NPN transistor is from the emitter to the
collector area, resulting in current in the transistor, and we identify NPN and PNP
transistors using a digital multi-meter, checking the voltages and currents in base-
biased circuits, and build the load line.

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