SOLVING SYSTEMS

OF LINEAR
EQUATIONS
NOVEMBER

18
FRIDAY
 LEARNING TARGETS:
❑

SYSTEMS OF LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES

 SYSTEM OF LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES

DEFINITION

Mathematically,
𝒂𝟏 𝒙 + 𝒃𝟏 𝒚 = 𝒄𝟏 𝒂𝟏 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒃𝟏 𝒎𝒖𝒔𝒕 𝒏𝒐𝒕 𝒃𝒆 𝒃𝒐𝒕𝒉 𝟎
𝒂𝟐 𝒙 + 𝒃𝟐 𝒚 = 𝒄𝟐 𝒂𝟐 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒃𝟐 𝒎𝒖𝒔𝒕 𝒏𝒐𝒕 𝒃𝒆 𝒃𝒐𝒕𝒉 𝟎

𝒚=𝒙+𝟐 𝟐𝒙 − 𝒚 = 𝟑 𝟑𝒙 − 𝒚 = 𝟏 𝒚=𝒙+𝟏
ቊ ቊ ቊ ቊ
𝒙+𝒚=𝟏 −𝒙 + 𝟐 = 𝟔𝒚 𝒙=𝒚−𝟑 𝒚=𝒙−𝟏
SYSTEMS OF LINEAR
EQUATIONS IN TWO
VARIABLES
 ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE 1:

Solution:
𝒙+𝒚=𝟓
ቊ
𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑𝒚 = 𝟏𝟐
The sum of two numbers is 5.
𝒙+𝒚=𝟓
Twice the first number plus thrice the second number is 12.
𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑𝒚 = 𝟏𝟐
SYSTEMS OF LINEAR
EQUATIONS IN TWO
VARIABLES
 ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE 2:

Solution:
𝒙 + 𝒚 = 𝟐𝟓
ቊ
𝒙−𝒚=𝟓
The sum of the ages of the Duterte sisters is 25 years.
𝒙+𝒚 = 𝟐𝟓

The difference of their ages is 5 years.

𝒙−𝒚 =𝟓
SYSTEMS OF LINEAR
EQUATIONS IN TWO
VARIABLES
 ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE 3:

Solution:

𝒙 − 𝒚 = 𝟐𝟕
ቊ
𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑𝒚 = 𝟐𝟗
The difference of the two numbers is 27.
𝒙−𝒚 = 𝟐𝟕
The sum of twice the smaller number and thrice of the larger number is 29.
𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑𝒚 = 𝟐𝟗
SYSTEMS OF LINEAR
EQUATIONS IN TWO
VARIABLES
 YOUR TURN:

Solution:

The sum of Tom’s and Jerry’s ages is 50 years.

𝒙+𝒚 = 𝟓𝟎
𝒙 + 𝒚 = 𝟓𝟎
The difference between their ages is 20 years. ቊ
𝒙−𝒚 = 𝟐𝟎 𝒙 − 𝒚 = 𝟐𝟎
SYSTEMS OF LINEAR
EQUATIONS IN TWO
VARIABLES
 SOLUTIONS OF THE
SYSTEMS OF LINEAR
EQUATIONS IN TWO
VARIABLES
 SOLUTIONS OF A SYSTEM OF LINEAR EQUATIONS
Complete the table by supplying the missing value of “y”.

𝒙 𝒚=𝟓−𝒙 𝒙 𝒚 = 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟏
−𝟏 𝟔 −𝟏 −𝟑
𝟎 𝟓 𝟎 −𝟏
𝟏 𝟒 𝟏 𝟏
𝟐 𝟑 𝟐 𝟑
𝟑 𝟐 𝟑 𝟓
𝟒 𝟏 𝟒 𝟕

COMMON Solution (ordered pair): 𝟐, 𝟑 .

SYSTEMS OF LINEAR
EQUATIONS IN TWO
VARIABLES
 SOLUTIONS OF A SYSTEM OF LINEAR EQUATIONS

DEFINITION
True False
𝟏𝟑 = 𝟏𝟑 −𝟏𝟑 ≠ 𝟏𝟏
𝟏𝟐 = 𝟏𝟐 𝟏𝟐 ≠ −𝟏𝟐
−𝟏 = −𝟏 𝟓≠𝟔

To verify or check solutions to a system of linear equations:

SYSTEMS OF LINEAR
EQUATIONS IN TWO
VARIABLES
 ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE 1: Determine whether the given points
is or is not a solution to the given
𝒙+𝒚=𝟓 system of equations.
ቊ ; (𝟑, 𝟐)
𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑𝒚 = 𝟏𝟐
Solution:
𝟑, 𝟐 ; 𝒙 = 𝟑, 𝒚 = 𝟐
𝑬𝒒. 𝟏: 𝒙 + 𝒚 = 𝟓 𝑬𝒒. 𝟐: 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑𝒚 = 𝟏𝟐
BOTH
𝒙+𝒚=𝟓 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑𝒚 = 𝟏𝟐
TRUE!
𝟑 + 𝟐 =𝟓 𝟐 𝟑 +𝟑 𝟐 = 𝟏𝟐
Thus, (𝟑, 𝟐) is A
𝟑+𝟐 =𝟓 𝟔 + 𝟔 = 𝟏𝟐 SOLUTION to the
𝟓=𝟓 𝟏𝟐 = 𝟏𝟐 given linear
system.
SYSTEMS OF LINEAR
EQUATIONS IN TWO
VARIABLES
 ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE 2: Determine whether the given points
is or is not a solution to the given
𝟒𝒙 − 𝟑𝒚 = 𝟏𝟏 system of equations.
ቊ ; (𝟐, −𝟏)
𝟔𝒙 − 𝒚 = 𝟏𝟏
Solution:
𝟐, −𝟏 ; 𝒙 = 𝟐, 𝒚 = −𝟏
𝑬𝒒. 𝟏: 𝟒𝒙 − 𝟑𝒚 = 𝟏𝟏 𝑬𝒒. 𝟐: 𝟔𝒙 − 𝒚 = 𝟏𝟏
ONE
𝟒𝒙 − 𝟑𝒚 = 𝟏𝟏 𝟔𝒙 − 𝒚 = 𝟏𝟏
FALSE!
𝟒 𝟐 − 𝟑 −𝟏 = 𝟏𝟏 𝟔 𝟐 − −𝟏 = 𝟏𝟏
Thus, (𝟐, −𝟏) is
𝟖 + 𝟑 = 𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟐 + 𝟏 = 𝟏𝟏 NOT A SOLUTION
𝟏𝟏 = 𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟑 = 𝟏𝟏 to the given linear
system.
SYSTEMS OF LINEAR
EQUATIONS IN TWO
VARIABLES
 ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE 3: Determine whether the given points
is or is not a solution to the given
𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟖 system of equations.
ቊ ; (𝟐, 𝟑)
𝟓𝒙 − 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟒
Solution:
𝟐, 𝟑 ; 𝒙 = 𝟐, 𝒚 = 𝟑
𝑬𝒒. 𝟏: 𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟖 𝑬𝒒. 𝟐: 𝟓𝒙 − 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟒
BOTH
𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟖 𝟓𝒙 − 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟒
TRUE!
𝟐 +𝟐 𝟑 = 𝟖 𝟓 𝟐 −𝟐 𝟑 = 𝟒
𝟐 + 𝟔 =𝟖 𝟏𝟎 − 𝟔 = 𝟒 Thus, (𝟐, 𝟑) is A
SOLUTION to the
𝟖=𝟖 𝟒=𝟒 given linear
system.
SYSTEMS OF LINEAR
EQUATIONS IN TWO
VARIABLES
 YOUR TURN: Determine whether the given points is or is not a
solution to the given system of equations.
𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟖
ቊ ; (𝟎, 𝟒)
𝟓𝒙 − 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟖
Solution:
Substitute 𝟎, 𝟒 ; 𝒙 = 𝟎, 𝒚 = 𝟒 to each of the equations.
𝑬𝒒. 𝟏: 𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟖 𝑬𝒒. 𝟐: 𝟓𝒙 − 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟖 ONE
𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟖 𝟓𝒙 − 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟖 FALSE!
𝟎 +𝟐 𝟒 =𝟖 𝟓 𝟎 −𝟐 𝟒 =𝟖 Thus, (𝟎, 𝟒) is NOT
𝟎+𝟖 =𝟖 𝟎−𝟖=𝟖 A SOLUTION to
the given linear
𝟖=𝟖 −𝟖 = 𝟖 system.
SYSTEMS OF LINEAR
EQUATIONS IN TWO
VARIABLES
 GRAPH OF A SYSTEM OF LINEAR EQUATIONS

PROCEDURE:

SYSTEMS OF LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES

 ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE 1:
𝒚=𝟓−𝒙
Graph ቊ
𝒚 = 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟏 Eq. 1: 𝒚 = 𝟓 − 𝒙 𝒚 Eq. 2: 𝒚 = 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟏

Solution: 𝟔

Eq. 1: 𝒚 = 𝟓 − 𝒙 𝟓
𝒙=𝟎 𝒙=𝟏
𝟒
𝒙 𝒚 𝒚=𝟓−𝒙 𝒚=𝟓−𝒙 𝟑

𝟎 𝟓 𝒚 = 𝟓 − (𝟎) 𝒚 = 𝟓 − (𝟏) 𝟐

𝟏
𝟏 𝟒 𝒚=𝟓 𝒚=𝟒
(𝟎, 𝟓) (𝟏, 𝟒) 𝒙
−𝟖 −𝟕 −𝟔 −𝟓 −𝟒 −𝟑 −𝟐 −𝟏 𝟏 𝟐 𝟑 𝟒 𝟓 𝟔 𝟕 𝟖
−𝟏
Eq. 2: 𝒚 = 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟏
𝒙=𝟏 𝒙=𝟐 −𝟐

−𝟑
𝒙 𝒚 𝒚 = 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟏 𝒚 = 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟏
−𝟒
𝟏 𝟏 𝒚=𝟐 𝟏 −𝟏 𝒚=𝟐 𝟐 −𝟏 −𝟓

𝟐 𝟒 𝒚=𝟏 𝒚=𝟑 −𝟔
(𝟏, 𝟏) (𝟐, 𝟑)

SYSTEMS OF LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES

 ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE 3:
𝒙 − 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟑
Graph ቊ
𝟒𝒚 = 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟔 𝒚
Solution:
Eq. 1: 𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟑 𝒙 = −𝟏 𝒙=𝟏 𝟔

𝟓
𝒙 − 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟑 𝒙 − 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟑
𝒙 𝒚 𝟒
−𝟏 − 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟑 𝟏 − 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟑 Eq. 2: 𝟒𝒚=𝟐𝒙−𝟔
𝟑
−𝟏 −𝟐 +𝟏 +𝟏 −𝟏 −𝟏
−𝟐𝒚 = 𝟒 −𝟐𝒚 = 𝟐 𝟐
𝟏 𝟎 −𝟐 −𝟐 − 𝟐 −𝟐 𝟏
−𝟏, −𝟐 𝒚 = −𝟐 (𝟏, −𝟏) 𝒚 = −𝟏 𝒙
−𝟖 −𝟕 −𝟔 −𝟓 −𝟒 −𝟑 −𝟐 −𝟏 𝟏 𝟐 𝟑 𝟒 𝟓 𝟔 𝟕 𝟖
−𝟏
Eq. 2: 𝟒𝒚 = 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟔 𝒙=𝟏 𝒙=𝟑
−𝟐
𝟒𝒚 = 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟔 𝟒𝒚 = 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟔 Eq. 1: 𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟑
−𝟑
𝒙 𝒚
𝟒𝒚 = 𝟐 𝟏 − 𝟔 𝟒𝒚 = 𝟐 𝟑 − 𝟔 −𝟒
𝟏 −𝟏 𝟒𝒚 = −𝟒 𝟒𝒚 = 𝟎
−𝟓
𝟒 𝟒 𝟒 𝟒
𝟑 𝟎
𝒚 = −𝟏 𝒚=𝟎 −𝟔

(𝟏, −𝟏) (𝟑, 𝟎)

SYSTEMS OF LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES
 ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE 3:
𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟏
Graph ቊ
𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟑 𝒚
Solution:
Eq. 1: 𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟏 𝒙 = −𝟏 𝒙=𝟏 Eq. 2: x + 2y = 3
𝟔

𝟓
𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟏 𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟏
𝒙 𝒚 𝟒
−𝟏 + 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟏 𝟏 + 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟏
𝟑
−𝟏 𝟏 +𝟏 +𝟏 −𝟏 −𝟏
𝟐𝒚 = 𝟐 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟎 𝟐
𝟏 𝟎 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 Eq. 1: x+𝟐y=1 𝟏
(−𝟏, 𝟏) 𝒚 = 𝟏 (𝟏, 𝟎) 𝒚 = 𝟎
𝒙
−𝟖 −𝟕 −𝟔 −𝟓 −𝟒 −𝟑 −𝟐 −𝟏 𝟏 𝟐 𝟑 𝟒 𝟓 𝟔 𝟕 𝟖
−𝟏
Eq. 2: 𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟑 𝒙=𝟏 𝒙=𝟑
−𝟐

𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟑 𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟑 −𝟑
𝒙 𝒚
𝟏 + 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟑 𝟑 + 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟑 −𝟒
𝟏 𝟏 −𝟏 −𝟏 −𝟑 −𝟑 −𝟓
𝟐𝒚 = 𝟐 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟎
𝟑 𝟎 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 −𝟔

(𝟏, 𝟏) 𝒚 = 𝟏 (𝟑, 𝟎) 𝒚=𝟎

SYSTEMS OF LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES
 TYPES OF SYSTEMS OF LINEAR EQUATIONS

SYSTEMS OF LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES

 SOLVING SYSTEM OF LINEAR EQUATIONS BY GRAPHING
PROCEDURE:

SYSTEMS OF LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES

 ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE 1: ቊ
𝒚=𝒙−𝟑
𝒙+𝒚=𝟓

Verify: 𝒙 = 𝟒, 𝒚 = 𝟏

𝒚=𝒙−𝟑 𝒙+𝒚=𝟓
𝒚=𝒙−𝟑 𝒙+ 𝒚 =𝟓
𝟏 = 𝟒 −𝟑 𝟒 + 𝟏 =𝟓
𝟏 =𝟏 𝟓 =𝟓

𝒙−𝒚=𝟑
ቊ
𝒙+𝒚=𝟓
SYSTEMS OF LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES
 𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟏
ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE 2: ቊ
𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟑

SYSTEMS OF LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES

 ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE 3: ቊ
𝒙 − 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟑
𝟒𝒚 = 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟔
consistent & dependent
infinite number of solutions
Verify: 𝒙 = −𝟑, 𝒚 = −𝟑

𝒙 − 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟑 𝟒𝒚 = 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟔

𝒙 − 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟑 𝟒𝒚 = 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟔
−𝟑 −𝟐 −𝟑 = 𝟑 𝟒 −𝟑 = 𝟐 −𝟑 −𝟔
−𝟑 + 𝟔 = 𝟑 −𝟏𝟐 = −𝟔 − 𝟔
𝟑 =𝟑 −𝟏𝟐 = −𝟏𝟐

𝒙 − 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟑
ቊ
𝟒𝒚 = 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟔
SYSTEMS OF LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES
 ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE 4: 𝒙−𝒚=𝟑
ቊ
𝒙 − 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟑

Verify: 𝒙 = 𝟑, 𝒚 = 𝟎

𝒙−𝒚=𝟑 𝒙 − 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟑
𝒙 − 𝒚=𝟑 𝒙 − 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟑
𝟑 − 𝟎 =𝟑 𝟑 −𝟐 𝟎 = 𝟑
𝟑 =𝟑 𝟑 − 𝟎 =𝟑
𝟑 =𝟑

𝒙−𝒚=𝟑
ቊ
𝒙 − 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟑

SYSTEMS OF LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES

 WRAP UP
DEFINITION
A system of linear equations is a set of two or more linear equations
that have variables in common.

EXAMPLES NON-EXAMPLES
𝒚=𝒙+𝟐 𝟐𝒙𝒚 = 𝟑
ቊ ቊ
𝒙+𝒚=𝟏 −𝒙 − 𝒚
an expression

𝟑𝒙 − 𝒚 = 𝟏 𝒚=𝒛+𝟐
ቊ ቊ
𝒙=𝒚−𝟑 𝒚=𝒙−𝟐
SYSTEMS OF LINEAR
EQUATIONS IN TWO
VARIABLES
 WRAP UP
DEFINITION
True False
𝟏𝟑 = 𝟏𝟑 −𝟏𝟑 ≠ 𝟏𝟏
𝟏𝟐 = 𝟏𝟐 𝟏𝟐 ≠ −𝟏𝟐
−𝟏 = −𝟏 𝟓≠𝟔

To verify or check solutions to a system of linear equations:

SYSTEMS OF LINEAR
EQUATIONS IN TWO
VARIABLES
 WRAP UP
PROCEDURE: TYPES OF SYSTEMS

SYSTEMS OF LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES

 WRAP UP
Solving Systems of Linear Equation in Two Variables by
Graphing:

SYSTEMS OF LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES

 DID WE HIT THE TARGETS?
❑

SYSTEMS OF LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES

 LEARNING ACTIVITY:
Collaborative Discussion by Learning Cell

Via ARALINKS
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SYSTEMS OF LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES