Copyright 2007 - 2011 Taina Maria Miller.

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any
means, electronic or mechanical, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without
permission in writing from the author.

Copying permission: Permission IS granted to reproduce this material to be used with one (1)
teacher's students by virtue of the purchase of this book. In other words, one (1) teacher MAY
make copies of these worksheets to be used with his/her students within a typical classroom.
Permission is not given to reproduce the material for resale. If you have other needs, such as
school-wide licensing, contact the author at www.MathMammoth.com/contact.php.

Please visit www.MathMammoth.com for more information about ebooks and books by Maria
Miller.

Create free math worksheets at www.HomeschoolMath.net/worksheets/

2
 Contents

Introduction ......................................................................... 6

Angles
Angles ................................................................................ 7
Measuring Angles .............................................................. 8
Angle Sum ......................................................................... 9
Lines and Angles 1 ............................................................ 10
Lines and Angles 2 ............................................................ 11
Angles 3 ............................................................................. 12
Angle Relationships ........................................................... 13
Angle Relationships ........................................................... 14

Triangles
Triangles 1 ......................................................................... 15
Triangles 2 ......................................................................... 16
Angles in a Triangle ........................................................... 17
Angles in a Triangle 2 ........................................................ 18
Equilateral and Isosceles Triangles .................................. 19
Equilateral and Isosceles Triangles ................................. 20

Quadrilaterals and Other Polygons

Quadrilaterals 1 ................................................................. 21
Quadrilaterals 2 ................................................................. 22
Quadrilaterals .................................................................... 23
Quadrilaterals Puzzle ........................................................ 24
Parallel & Perpendicular Lines .......................................... 25
Draw Figures ..................................................................... 26
Polygons ............................................................................ 28
Polygons ............................................................................ 29
Circles ................................................................................ 30
Circles ................................................................................ 31
Circles ................................................................................ 32

Congruent and Similar Figures

& Transformations
Congruent or Similar 1 ....................................................... 33
Congruent or Similar 2 ....................................................... 34
Symmetry ........................................................................... 35
Transformations ................................................................. 36
Similar Figures ................................................................... 37
Congruent Triangles .......................................................... 38
Similar Triangles 1 ............................................................. 39
Similar Triangles 2 ............................................................. 40

3
Constructions
Constructions .................................................................... 41
Angle Bisector ................................................................... 42
Constructions 2 ................................................................. 43
Constructions 3 ................................................................. 44
Construct Line Segments and Angles .............................. 45
Construct Angles .............................................................. 46
Parallel & Perpendicular Lines .......................................... 47
Bisect Line Segments and Angles .................................... 48

Area
Perimeter ........................................................................... 49
Area of Rectangle.............................................................. 50
Area of Right Triangle ....................................................... 51
Area of a Parallelogram .................................................... 52
Altitude of a Triangle ......................................................... 53
Area of Triangles ............................................................... 54
Area Problems .................................................................. 55
Areas ................................................................................. 56
Circle ................................................................................. 57

Area of Circle .................................................................... 58

Area of Triangle and Parallelogram 1 ............................... 59
Area of Triangle and Parallelogram 2 ............................... 60
Area of Trapezoid ............................................................. 61
Area of Polygons ............................................................... 62
Area vs. Perimeter ............................................................ 63
Perimeter and Area Problems .......................................... 64
Area Units ......................................................................... 65
Area Problems .................................................................. 66

Exploring the Area of Similar Figures ............................... 67

Area of Similar Figures ..................................................... 68
Surface Area ..................................................................... 69
Area Problems .................................................................. 70

4
Volume and 3-d Figures
Volume 1 ........................................................................... 71
Volume 2 ........................................................................... 72
Volume .............................................................................. 73
Sketching 3-dimensional Figures ..................................... 74
Volume and 3-d Figures .................................................... 75
Area - Perimeter - Volume ................................................ 76

Volume Problems .............................................................. 77

Volume Units ..................................................................... 78
Volume of Cylinders and Prisms ....................................... 79
Volume of Cones and Pyramids ........................................ 80
Volume Problems .............................................................. 81

Pythagorean Theorem
Pythagorean Theorem ...................................................... 82
Using the Pythagorean Theorem ...................................... 83
The Pythagorean Theorem ............................................... 84
Geometry Problems .......................................................... 85
Geometry Review 1 ........................................................... 86
Geometry Review 2 ........................................................... 87
Geometry Terms Review 1 ............................................... 88
Geometry Terms Review 2 ............................................... 89

More from Math Mammoth ................................................. 90

5
 Introduction
Math Mammoth Geometry Worksheet Collection contains geometry-related
worksheets for grades 5-8. These worksheets have been pulled out from Math
Mammoth Grade 5, 6, and 7 Worksheets Collections, plus two worksheets related to
Pythagorean theorem that are from the Math Mammoth Algebra 1 collection.
The grade-level collections were originally created for and in collaboration with
SpiderSmart, Inc. tutoring company. I have written these worksheets with teachers'
needs in mind: each one is exactly one page, concentrating on one topic (with the
exception of some “review” worksheets); therefore it is easy to assign for students.
In this collection, the worksheets are not organized by grade but by topic.
The first section deals with angles, and covers topics such as measuring angles and
finding angle measures by deducing from the given angles.
The second section has to do with triangles. Many of the sheets contain drawing
problems related to triangles.
Next come worksheets about quadrilaterals, other polygons, and circles. Again you
will find lots of drawing problems within these.
The section on congruency and similarity advances from easy worksheets to ones
with calculations, which you can use on 7th grade.
The next section contains worksheets about geometric constructions
The section on area is by far the largest section. Again there are worksheets of
varying difficulty levels, including worksheets for the area of various figures, area
versus perimeter problems, word problems, surface area, and the area of similar
figures.
Then come volume-related worksheets, and then worksheets about the Pythagorean
Theorem.

I wish you success with math teaching!

Maria Miller, the author

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Angles
1. Measure the angles. Label them as acute, obtuse, or right. If needed, continue the sides
of the angle.

c.
a.

b.

e. How would you find out e.

the measure of this angle
(which is greater than 180°)
d. since a protractor is only
half a circle?

2. Draw an angle of a. 35 ° b. 76° c. 137° d. 162°

3. How many angles are there with A as a vertex? Find out their measures.

b.
a.

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Measuring Angles
1. Estimate how many degrees the following angles are. Check by measuring the angles.

a. b. c. d.

e.

f. g.

2. Draw an angle that is a. 32° b. 76° c. 110° d. 150°.

3. Find the angle measures of all the angles in this picture!

4. Estimate how many degrees the following angles are.

Then measure them.

a. b. c. d.

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Angle Sum
1. Measure all the angles in the pictures and mark them on the pictures, including any straight
angles. Calculate the sum. (If you do not get the same answer for the sum, it is due to
measuring errors.)

a. sum of the angles = b. sum of the angles =

__________ __________

2. a. Draw a line, a point A on it,

and a ray from that point.
Measure all the angles.
Calculate the sum.

b. Draw a point, and four rays

originating from that point.
Measure all the angles.
Calculate the sum.

3. Here you see a pie with angles of 90°, 75°, 75°, and 120°. The other pie picture already has
a right angle. Draw into it also 35° and 160° angles. What will the fourth “pie piece angle” be?

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Lines and Angles 1

b. These lines we call

1. a. Which pair shows parallel lines? _______________.

2. Draw a line, and then draw another line

that is perpendicular to it. Don't 'eyeball' it -
find a method where you will be sure
they are exactly perpendicular!

3. Two lines that intersect form

two pairs of ____________________ angles.

Mark one pair with single arcs and the other with double arcs.

4. We already know that two lines that intersect

form two pairs of vertical angles. Let's see
what happens if you have three lines, and
two of them are parallel.

a. How many angles are there in the picture?

b. Mark the angles that have the same measure

with single and/or double arcs.

5. Here are two parallel lines and a line intersecting them.

The two angles marked with a single arc

are called ____________________.
Think of them as being the same kind of 'corner'.

Also the two angles marked with

the double arc are ____________________.

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Lines and Angles 2

1. What kind of lines do you see in this picture?

How many angles?

Mark all of the corresponding angles.

The figure that is enclosed by the lines

is called a ____________________.

2. Calculate the other angles inside the parallelograms.

Do not measure since the pictures are not exact.

a.
b.

3. a. Draw a parallelogram that has a 50°angle. You can decide the length of the sides.
b. Draw a parallelogram that has a 118° angle.

4. Find one corresponding angle to each of the marked angles and mark them the same way.

a.
b.

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Angles 3
1. Calculate the angles. Do not try to measure, because the pictures are not exact.

b. angle DAC = ______

a. angle ABC = _______

c. angle BAC = ______ d. angle CAD = _____ angle EAB = ______

2. Draw two lines intersecting each other. Measure ONE angle. Figure out all the other angles
- then check by actually measuring from your picture. Repeat as needed.

3. Calculate the angles. Note: do not try to measure,

because the picture is not exact.

Angle CAB = _______

Angle DAF = _______

Angle ∠ EAB = _______

4. Draw a point on a piece of paper, with at least two different lines intersecting at that point.
Then draw at least two rays starting at the same point. Now give this puzzle for your fellow
student to solve (or solve it yourself):

z What is the minimum number of angles that you must measure

before you can calculate the rest? Which angles are they?

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Angle Relationships
1. Find the measures of the marked angles. Do not measure them.

a.
b.

c. d.

e. f.

g.
h.

i.
j.

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Angle Relationships
1. a. The triangle STU is isosceles. The two lines divide it
into some shapes. What kind of shapes?

b. If the angle B measures 74.7°, find all

the angle measures of those shapes.

2. If the top angle of an isosceles triangle measures 75°,

what is the measure of the base angles?

3. If the base angle of an isosceles triangle measures 21.4°,

what is the measure of the top angle?

4. One angle in a right triangle measures 13.8°. What are the measures of the other angles?

5. Find the measures of the marked angles. Do not measure them. Assume that the lines
that look parallel are indeed parallel, and that the letter “A” shape is an isosceles triangle.

b.
a.

6. a. The lines m and n are parallel. c. Where in this picture are angles with the
Mark with “A” all the angles that have same measures as angles α and β?
the same measure as angle A. Mark them.
Do similarly for B and C.

d. PROVE that the angle measures

in a triangle add up to 180°.

b. If angle A is 40° and angle B is 93°,

what is the measure of the angle C?

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Triangles 1
1. Measure all the angles in these triangles. What is the angle sum?
Classify the triangles as acute, obtuse, or right.

a. b.

2. A diagonal is drawn inside a parallelogram,

and two triangles are formed.
Classify the triangles as acute, obtuse, or right.
Measure the angles of the triangles formed.
What can you notice?
a. b.

3. Draw a triangle whose one

angle is 60° and another angle
is 40°. You can decide the length
of the sides. (Hint: start out by
drawing an angle of 60°.)
Calculate the third angle: ______°.
Measure the third angle to check.

4. Draw a triangle whose one angle

is 55° and other angle is 35°.
Calculate the third angle: ______°.
Measure the third angle to check.
What kind of triangle did you get
(acute, right, obtuse)?

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Triangles 2
5. Draw a triangle whose one angle is 85°
and other angle is 40°.
Calculate the third angle: ______°.
Measure the third angle to check.
What kind of triangle did you get
(acute, right, obtuse)?

6. Draw a triangle whose one angle is 125°

and other angle is 40°.
Calculate the third angle: ______°.
Measure the third angle to check.
What kind of triangle did you get
(acute, right, obtuse)?

7. Draw a right triangle so that it

has a 45°-angle. What is
the measure of the third angle?

8. Draw a copy this triangle. Your triangle

should match this triangle exactly if they
were placed on top of each other.
You need to measure some (or all)
angles and some (or all) sides of this triangle.

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Angles in a Triangle
1. Draw two triangles, each with one 110 degree angle, and one 34 degree angle,
but whose side lengths are different.
a. What is the third angle's measure?

b. What kind of triangles are they

(acute/right/obtuse)?

c. The two triangles you drew

are (similar/congruent).

2. Measure some (or all)

angles and some (or all)
sides of this triangle
and then copy it.
Your triangle should match
exactly with this triangle
if they were placed on top
of each other.

The two triangles are

(similar/congruent).

3. Two angles of a triangle are 55° and 78°, and the side between those angles measures 1 1/4 ''.

a. What is the measure of the third angle?

b. Draw the triangle.

c. How long are the two other sides?

4. a. Find a corresponding angle. b. What is this picture a proof of? Explain.

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Angles in a Triangle 2
1. Calculate the angle marked with the question mark. Note: do not measure since the pictures
are not exact. What principles should you use?

b. c.
a.

2. Draw a triangle whose all

three angles have the same
measure. What is that measure?

3. Try to draw a triangle that has

two right angles. Can you do it?
Why or why not?

4. Can you draw a triangle that

has two obtuse angles? Why not?

5. Draw a triangle where one angle

is 50° and the two other angles
have the same measure.

6. Measure the angles 5 and 6.

How can you calculate the measure of the angle 7?

How can you calculate angles 4 and 3?

How can you know angles 1 and 2?

7. Calculate the angle marked with ?.

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Equilateral and Isosceles Triangles

1. Match.

Equilateral triangle Same-legged triangle Two sides the same

Isosceles triangle Same-sided triangle Three sides the same

2. Draw an isosceles triangle (a triangle that has

two equal sides). Start out by drawing the two
sides that have equal measure and draw the
third side last. Use a ruler to make sure
they are equal.
Measure its angles: ___°, ___°, ___°.

3. Guess the measure of the angles in an equilateral triangle:

___________________________________________

Then measure the angles in the equilateral triangles on the right.

What do you notice?

Based on that fact, draw an equilateral triangle.

You can choose the length of the sides.

4. a. Make a guess about the angles

in an isosceles triangle.

b. Then measure the angles in

these triangles on the right.
What do you notice?

5. a. Draw an isosceles triangle

whose base angles are 40°.
What is the top angle?
The length of the sides can
be any.

b. Draw an isosceles triangle

whose base angles are 75°.
What is the top angle?
Again the sides can be any length.

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Equilateral and Isosceles Triangles

1. a. Draw an isosceles triangle
whose top angle is 40°.

b. Draw an isosceles triangle

whose top angle is 80°.

2. a. Is it possible to have an equilateral right triangle? If so, draw one. If not, why not?
b. Is it possible to have an equilateral obtuse triangle? If so, draw one. If not, why not?
c. Is it possible to have an equilateral acute triangle? If so, draw one. If not, why not?
d. Is it possible to have an isosceles right triangle? If so, draw one. If not, why not?
e. Is it possible to have an isosceles obtuse triangle? If so, draw one. If not, why not?
f. Is it possible to have an isosceles acute triangle? If so, draw one. If not, why not?

3. Calculate the angles. Don't measure, because the pictures are not to scale.
Note especially if the triangle(s) are equilateral or isosceles.
a. b. d.

c.

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Quadrilaterals 1
1. Name the figures. Choose the most descriptive name.

a. b.

c. d. e. f. g.

2. Fill the table about the quadrilaterals as you see them above.
pairs of
Quadrilateral congruent sides? congruent angles?
parallel sides?
square
2 pairs all angles congruent
2 pairs all sides congruent 2 pairs of congruent angles
2 pairs 2 pairs of congruent sides 2 pairs of congruent angles
kite
1 pair no congruent sides no congruent angles
no congruent angles

3. You are given the task to draw

a quadrilateral that has four right
angles and one side 2 inches
long. Can you draw only one
such kind, or several?
Draw example(s) and name them.

4. You are given the task to draw

a quadrilateral that has two pairs
of congruent sides and two
pairs of parallel sides. Can you
draw only one such kind, or
several? Draw example(s)
and name them.

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Quadrilaterals 2
1. Draw a quadrilateral with 1 1/2 inch sides. Can you draw only one kind, or several?
Draw and name them.

2. Draw a quadrilateral with sides that are all different lengths. Draw several examples.

3. You need two sticks each with lengths 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 units. (Small lego pieces might be
used to build them, or use wooden sticks from tree branches, etc.)

a. Take two sticks 4 long and two sticks 7 long, and form a kite. Can you “squeeze” it
(change the angles) so it stays a kite?

b. Now rearrange them to form a parallelogram. Can you “squeeze” it so it stays a parallelogram?

c. Now rearrange them to form a rectangle. What does it become if you “squeeze” it
(change its angles)?

d. Take the sticks 3, 4, and 5 long. Form a triangle. Can you “squeeze” it so it stays a triangle?
How about if you choose sticks 4, 5, and 8 units?

e. What happens if you take the sticks 3, 4, and 8 to make a triangle? Sticks 3, 4, and 7?
Sticks 3, 4, and 6?

Questions:

z Can you form several different shape kites with same side lengths?

z Can you form several different shape parallelograms with same side lengths?

z Can you form several different shape rectangles with same side lengths?

z Which three stick lengths will not make a triangle?

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Quadrilaterals
1. What parts would you need
to measure from this parallelogram
to be able to copy it?

Measure those parts, and draw

a copy of the figure.

2. Draw a parallelogram with

sides 3 1/2'' and 2 3/8 '', and
the angle between the sides 75°.

3. Draw a rhombus with sides

5.5 cm and one angle 27°.

4. Draw a trapezoid with base

7.8 cm, the side parallel to
base 4.9 cm. and one angle 66°.

5. Draw a kite with one side 2.5

cm, another side 6.2 cm, and
one angle 66°.

6. Sketch several different rhombi, rectangles, trapezoids, kites, and parallelograms.

Study the following things:
z do the diagonals bisect each other?
z are the diagonals perpendicular to each other?
z when you draw the two diagonals, four triangles are formed. Are those triangles congruent,
similar, or neither?

Record your study results in this table.

diagonals bisect diagonals are triangle pairs formed
Quadrilateral
each other perpendicular are congruent
Square
Rectangle
Parallelogram
Kite
Rhombus
Trapezoid

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Quadrilaterals Puzzle
Quadrilateral Letter
I have one right angle. I'm shaped like a certain toy.
I have the biggest area around here!
U

Two (and only two) of my sides are parallel. The other two
are congruent.
There's nothing congruent or parallel about me.
I'm the bigger parallelogram with four congruent sides.

My name is Big Rhombus!

I've got right angles and two pairs of congruent sides.
I have four right angles and four congruent sides!
Well my name is Little Rhombus!

Two - and only two - of my sides are parallel. No congruent

sides.
They call me Rectangle.
I'm one of them parallelograms in the bunch... got a vocal
inside me.
I have two pairs of parallel sides. But not all my sides are
congruent.
You can't find a more regular quadrilateral than me.
While I do have two parallel sides, you cannot draw a
symmetry line in me.

Trapezoid is my name. But I don't have any congruent sides.

Scalene - yep that's me!
None of my sides are parallel to each other. But I've got two
pairs of congruent sides.
I'm the diamond-shape again... the bigger one.
If you stretch me, I'll be a rectangle.
Oops! I don't even belong to this group...
!

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Parallel & Perpendicular Lines

1. Draw a line that is perpendicular to the given 2. Draw a line that is parallel to the given line
line and goes through the marked point. and goes through the marked point.

4. Draw a line that is parallel to line segment b

3. Draw a line that is perpendicular to the given and goes through point A.
line and goes through the marked point. What figure is formed?

5. Draw a line that goes through point A and is 6. Draw a line that goes through the top vertex
parallel to the line segment m. Then draw a of the triangle, and is perpendicular to the
line that goes through B and is parallel to base b. What kind of shapes are made after
the line segment l. What figure is formed? your line divides the triangle?

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Draw Figures
1. Draw a rectangle whose
one side is 1.2 cm and
other is 5.5 cm.

2. Look at the figure below.

Which line segments are

parallel to each other?

Which ones are perpendicular?

Draw a copy of the above figure.

3. Look at the figure below.

Which line segments are

parallel to each other?

Which ones are perpendicular?

Draw a copy of the above figure.

Start by drawing a circle.

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Draw Figures, cont.

4. Draw a copy of the design below.

a. First draw the short line

segment in the middle.
b. Then draw the circles,
using a compass.

5. Using the previous exercise

as a starting point,
draw the hexagon.

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Polygons
1. a. Point out two pairs of corresponding angles.

b. Find out the angle measurements of these triangles.

How many angles do you need to measure (minimum)?

c. The two triangles are (similar/congruent).

2. These two pictures illustrate

how it is ENOUGH to measure
just two angles and the side
between them to copy a triangle.
In other words, you don't have
to know all the angles and sides

to copy the triangle.

Draw a copy of the triangle.

3. A regular pentagon is divided into three triangles.

The angle sum of each of the triangles is ______°;
therefore the total angle sum of the pentagon is

__ × _____° = _____°.
Make sure you understand why this works.
How many degrees are each of the five angles
in a regular pentagon?
Use that fact to draw one.

4. The pictures show how to construct a regular hexagon.

Draw an equilateral Extend the sides of the triangles Connect the points where
triangle and another until they meet the circumference the extended lines met
triangle underneath it. of one the of circles. the circumference.

a. Draw one using a compass and a ruler.

b. What is the angle measure of each of the six angles in a regular hexagon?

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Polygons
1. Draw a. a kite b. a rhombus
with one 75° angle
and (at least) one 5 cm side.

2. Draw quadrilaterals that fit the descriptions.

Draw many different kinds and name them.

a. quadrilaterals that have

TWO pairs of parallel sides

b. quadrilaterals that have

at least TWO congruent sides

c. quadrilaterals that fit both of

the descriptions above (a and b)

3. Some of the polygons are divided into triangles. Divide the rest into triangles as well.
Draw a nonagon under the hexagon, and divide it to triangles as well.
Then find the angle sum of each
polygon and list your findings here:
Divided into
Polygon Angle sum
# triangles
Quadrilateral
pentagon
hexagon
heptagon
octagon
nonagon

4. How many degrees is each angle in a

a. regular pentagon?
b. regular hexagon?

5. a. Is this a regular octagon?

b. What is the measure of each of its angles?

c. Use a protractor and a ruler

to draw a regular octagon.

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Circles
1. Name the parts of circle.
The black solid line is ______________________________.
The black dashed line is ______________________________.
The gray solid line is ________________________________.
The gray dotted line is ________________________________.

2. Copy this circle design. It does

not have to be on the same scale.

3. Draw a circle with A as the center point and AB as the radius. Then draw another circle with B
as the center and AB as the radius.

Mark the two points where the two circles intersect, and draw a line through them.
How does this new line divide the line segment AB?

A B

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Circles
4. Solve the problems.

a. Draw a rectangle. Then find the midpoints

of the top and bottom sides of your
rectangle using compass and straightedge
only. Join them with a line segment.

b. Draw a (large) right triangle.

Find the midpoints of the sides
and connect them as in this image:

5. Draw a circle around this square

so it touches the vertices.
What part of the square has the same
length as the diameter of the circle?

6. Draw a circle inside this square so it touches

the sides but won't intersect them.
What part of the square has the same
length as the diameter of the circle?

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Circle
1. Mark on the circle the following: diameter, circumference, radius.

2. A circle is drawn on the ground. Your 15-feet jumping rope is just enough
to go around it. You divide the circle into two halves with a line that
measures about 4 ft 9 in. What is...
a. the diameter b. the radius c. the circumference of that circle?

3. Find objects that have a circular shape or mouth, for example cans, pots, cups etc. Measure
the circumference with a measuring tape, and the diameter with a ruler. Record your findings
in the table below. Calculate the ratio C/d for all your objects.
Object Circumference Diameter C/d

Pi ≈ 3.14159 but in reality the decimal digits in Pi continue for ever,

and never settle down to any repeating pattern.

4. a. Explain using words, not a formula, how you find the radius if you know the diameter.
b. Explain using words, not a formula, how you find the circumference if you know the diameter.

5. Fill in the table.

Circle A Circle B Circle C Circle D
Circumference 14 cm 7 1/4 in
Diameter 2.5 in
Radius 8.29 m

6. a. Find the circumference.

b. Find the perimeter.

a. b.

7. a. Draw a circle with diameter 4 inches. What is its circumference?

b. Draw a square that has the same perimeter as your circle.

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Congruent or Similar 1
1. Do the pairs of figures depict congruent figures, similar figures, or neither?

b. c.
a.

d.
e. f.

h. i.
g.

j. k.
l.

m. o.
n.

2. Draw a. a parallelogram b. a square c. a rectangle d. a trapezoid.

Draw one diagonal in each. Are the triangles thus formed congruent?

3. Can you divide these shapes into two congruent parts? Into four congruent parts?

a. b. c. d. e.

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Congruent or Similar 2
1. Change the coordinates to create a similar figure.

a. Double all coordinates. b. Double all coordinates.

c. Draw here a half-size copy of the picture

on the right by halving all coordinates.
.

2. a. Jack drew a house with a computer drawing program. Then he stretched it one way
so it became wider. Is the new figure congruent or similar to the original one, or neither?

b. Jack also drew a stick man figure. This time he stretched it from its corner so it became larger
in every way. Is the new figure congruent or similar to the original one, or neither?

3. Divide the figures into...

a. ...three congruent parts

b. ...five congruent parts

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Symmetry
1. Is it a symmetry line for the figure?

a. b. c. d.

e. f. g.

2. Draw symmetry lines into these figures.

a. b. c. d. e. f. g.

3. Draw symmetry lines to those capital letters that you can.

4. At home, peek into the food cabinet and fridge and find some logos of companies on the food
products. Check also car brand names logos, or store logos when shopping. You can also look for
logos in magazines and in the internet with parental supervision. When examining each logo, think
on these questions:

a. Does the logo employ a polygon, a circle, an ellipse, or other basic geometric figure?

b. Does it have any symmetry?

Choose at least 3 interesting/well made logos, and sketch them below.

Explain your answers to (a) and (b) concerning those logos.

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Transformations
1. The gray-lined figure was transformed to the black-lined one. Name the transformation.

a. b. c.

d. e. f.

2. Transform the figure.

c. Rotate it 90°
a. Flip it in the vertical line b. Flip it in the horizontal line counterclockwise
around the origin.

d. Rotate it 90° clockwise e. Slide it four units f. Slide it three units

around the origin. to the left, two up up, one unit to the right

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Similar Figures
1. Are the following figures congruent, similar, or neither?

a. b. c.

d. e. f.

g. h. i.

2. When you follow these instructions, is the resulting triangle similar

to the original, congruent, or neither?

a. You draw a copy of this triangle, but while drawing, your paper is upside down.

b. You draw a new triangle using the same angle measurements

as in this triangle but different side lengths.

c. You draw a new triangle using one same angle measurement

as in this triangle but two the other two angles are not the same.

d. You draw a new triangle so that its sides are exactly double
as long as the sides in the original triangle.

3. Draw a larger copy of this

quadrilateral. Let each side be
exactly 1.5 as long as the sides
in the original. Your copy will be
(similar/congruent) to
the original one.

4. Draw a smaller copy of this

parallelogram. Let each side be
exactly 0.7 as long as the sides
in the original. Your copy will be
(similar/congruent) to
the original one.

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Congruent Triangles
1. Is it possible to draw ONLY ONE or several triangles based on the given information? If it is
possible to draw only one, draw it. If you can draw several, draw at least two example triangles.
(Two triangles that are congruent to each other are considered the same triangle, so for example a
triangle and its mirror image are not different ones.)
a. A triangle with angle 25° and angle 68°.

b. A triangle with one side 3 cm and

another side 5 cm.

c. A triangle with sides 3 cm, 5 cm, and 6 cm.

d. A triangle with sides 4 cm and 6 cm, and

a 70° angle between those sides.

e. A triangle with angles 45°, 45° and 90°.

f. A triangle with angles 35° and 100°, and

a 3-cm side between those two angles.

2. “Guess My Triangle” game! The teacher has drawn a secret triangle and covered it. You are then
given SOME information about the secret triangle, and you have to draw it and find out ALL
SIX (6) pieces of information about the secret triangle (by measuring or calculating):
z the lengths of all three sides
z the angle measures of all three angles.
Can you draw the teacher's secret triangle on a separate piece of paper and find out
all 6 pieces of information? In some cases, you cannot.
a. The secret triangle has 68°, 35°, and 77° angles.
b. The secret triangle has sides 8 in., 11 in., and 5 in.
c. The secret triangle has 50° and 60° angles, and an 8-cm side between those angles.
d. The secret triangle has a 7 in. side and a 76° angle.
You can play this game with your teacher or classmate as well.

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Similar Triangles 1
1. The triangles are similar. Find the missing side lengths.

a.
b.

d.

c.

2. You are 150 cm tall. At a certain time of day, your shadow is 85 cm long.
The shadow of a tree is 4.7 m long. How tall is the tree?

3. You are 5 ft 3 in tall. At some time of the day, your shadow is 2 ft 10 in long.
The shadow of a building is 10 ft 5 in. How tall is the building?

4. In a triangle ABC, the angle ABC is 65°, side AB is 2 inches,

and side BC is 2 1/2 inches. Triangle DEF is similar to
triangle ABC with similarity ratio 2:3.
a. Draw the triangle DEF.
b. Measure the other sides and angles of triangle DEF.

5. Find the scale ratio between these two similar triangles.

Make three separate calculations for the scale ratio,
using each of the three pairs of corresponding sides.
Lastly calculate the average of the three ratios. 5.

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Similar Triangles 2
1. An altitude is drawn into each triangle, and it divides the triangle into two smaller ones.
In which of the three triangles are those two smaller triangles congruent? Similar? Neither?

a. b. c.
An isosceles triangle A scalene triangle A right triangle

2. How do we know FOR SURE that the triangles in the pictures are similar? Use principles of
geometry to explain.

a. triangles ABC and CDE

(The line segments AB and ED are parallel.) b. triangles ABE and CDE
(The line segments AB and CD are parallel.)

3. One triangle has sides 2, 2, and 3. Another triangle has sides 3, 3, and 4 1/2.
a. Explain why the triangles must be similar.
b. Draw the two triangles, assuming either inches or centimeters as the unit.

4. a. Find the measure of the angles Y and X.

b. How many similar triangles are there? Which ones are they?
c. If AB is 5, side AD is 3, and BD is 5.83, find AC, BC, and DC.

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Constructions
1. An equilateral triangle
The two points mark
the side of the triangle.
First, draw a circle
using one of those points
as a center point and
the other one
indicating the radius.
Complete the construction.

2. A perpendicular bisector of a line segment

This construction is almost identical
to the equilateral triangle.
Can you explain how to complete
this construction?

3. A regular hexagon

Start out just like with the equilateral triangle.

The hexagon will be inside the rightmost circle.
Can you figure it out?

4. A triangle with three sides given

These line segments are

the sides of a triangle.
Construct it!

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Angle Bisector
1. Bisect these angles.

b.
a.

2. Bisect all angles in the square, rectangle, and the triangles. What can you note?

Complete the sentences based on your observations:

The angle bisectors in a square are the ___________________________ of the square.

The angle bisectors of the triangle meet _______________________________.

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Constructions 2
Use sketch paper. Make your pictures fairly large, and draw as accurately as possible.

1. Draw an equilateral triangle whose sides are this long:

2. Draw a line segment 6'' long . Then find its perpendicular bisector.

3. Draw any equilateral triangle. Draw into it the perpendicular bisectors of its three sides.

4. Draw a triangle whose sides are 7'', 5'', and 3 1/2''.

5. Draw an isosceles triangle with base 7 1/4'' and base angles 34°. What is the top angle?
How long are the other sides?

6. Draw an isosceles triangle whose base angles are 75°.

Then draw a perpendicular bisector of the base.

7. Draw an isosceles triangle whose base is 8 cm and the other sides 10 cm.
What are the base angles?

8. Draw a triangle with sides 3 cm, 4 cm, and 5 cm. What are its angles?

9. Draw a rectangle that is not a square. Do the diagonals bisect its angles?

10. Draw a rhombus. Do the diagonals bisect its angles?

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Constructions 3
Use sketch paper. Make your pictures fairly large, and draw as accurately as possible.
These are more challenging problems.

1. Draw any parallelogram that is not a rectangle. Draw into it the perpendicular bisectors
of its four sides.

2. Draw any acute triangle. Then find the point where the perpendicular bisectors of the sides meet.
Using that as a center, draw a circle that touches all vertices of the triangle.
It is called the circumscribed circle.

3. The same as above, but use an obtuse triangle.

4. The same as above, but use a right triangle.

5. Do the same construction in more triangles until you are sure what to fill in to these sentences.

z In an acute triangle, the bisectors of the sides

intersect in a point that is located _____________________________________.

z In a right triangle, the bisectors of the sides

intersect in a point that is located _____________________________________.

z In an obtuse triangle, the bisectors of the sides

intersect in a point that is located _____________________________________.

6. Draw an obtuse isosceles triangle. Then bisect all three of its angles.
Do the three angle bisectors intersect each other in one point?

7. Draw any scalene triangle. Then find the point where the angle bisectors meet. Using that
as a center, draw a circle that touches all the sides of the triangle. It is called the inscribed circle.

8. Same as above, but for an equilateral triangle.

9. Draw a triangle where the angle bisectors are the perpendicular bisectors of the sides.

10. Study the angle bisectors and perpendicular bisectors of the sides of a
a) regular pentagon b) regular hexagon.

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Construct Line Segments and Angles

In the following problems, use only a compass and straightedge.

1. Construct a line segment

congruent to this one.

2. Construct an angle
congruent to this one.

3. Construct a copy of
this triangle.

4. Construct a copy of this

quadrilateral.

5. Construct a line segment

whose measure is the sum
of the measures of these
two line segments:

6. Construct a line segment whose measure is the

difference of the measures of the two line
segments above.

7. Construct a triangle using

these line segments as its
sides:

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Construct Angles
Once you can ...

z construct an equilateral triangle

z draw a perpendicular to a given line
z bisect an angle

... then it is easy to construct angles

of certain measures.

1. Construct a 60° angle.

2. Construct a 30° angle.

3. Construct a 90° angle.

4. Construct a 45° angle.

Once you understand about complementary and

supplementary angles...

... and that you can put them side by side

and 'add' or 'subtract' them...

... then it is easy to construct some more angles.

5. Construct a 150° angle.

6. Construct a 75° angle.

7. Construct a 105° angle.

8. Construct a 15° angle.

Interesting Tidbit: Using only a compass and straightedge, it is NOT possible to construct a 1° angle,
nor a 2° angle! It is, however, possible to construct a 3° angle and any angle measure that is a multiple
of 3.

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Parallel & Perpendicular Lines

In the following problems, use only a compass and straightedge.

1. a. Construct a line through point A that is

perpendicular to the line m.

b. Construct a line through point B that is

parallel to the line m.

c. Call the point where the two new-drawn

lines intersect, point C.
What kind of triangle is triangle ABC?

2. a. Construct a line through point B that is

parallel to the line m.

b. Draw the line segment AB.

c. Construct a line parallel to AB so that

you complete a parallelogram.

3. Construct a square.

4. a. Construct an equilateral triangle DEF.

b. Construct a line through vertex D that

is perpendicular to the side EF.

c. It divides the triangle DEF to two triangles.

What kind of triangles are those?
What are the angle measures of
these two new triangles?

5. Construct a square inside this rectangle so that

the measure of its side is equal to m(BC) − m(AB)
and that one of its vertices lies at point A.

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Bisect Line Segments and Angles

In the following problems, use only a compass and
straightedge.

1. a. Bisect two angles of this triangle.

b. Let X be the point where

the two bisectors meet.

c. Construct the third bisector.

What do you notice?

2. a. Bisect all sides of the triangle above.

b. Let D, E, and F be the three points on the

sides that bisect the sides. Join them with c. Repeat all that with the above triangle.
line segments to form a triangle.

d. What special things can you notice about

the sides of the triangle DEF as compared
to the sides of the big triangle?

3. Line segment u bisects the angle MNO, line segment s

bisects the angle RNO, and line segment t bisects
the angle RNP.

a. If angle RNQ is 7.8 degrees, find the measure

of the angle MNO.

b. If MNO is 67 degrees, find the measure

of the angle QNP.

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Perimeter
1. Measure the sides and find the perimeter in inches and in centimeters/millimeters.

a.

c.
b.

2. Find the perimeter.

a. a square with 1 1/4 in sides c. 25 ft x 35 ft room

b. a regular hexagon with 2.86 m sides d. a triangle whose two sides are 45.5 cm,
and the third side is 67.75 cm

3. Find the side. Draw a picture.

a. A square has a perimeter b. A rectangle's longer side is c. The perimeter of a regular

25.52 m. What is its side? 5 1/2 inches, and its octagon is 50.80 meters.
perimeter is 16 inches. What is its side?
What is the shorter side?

4. You want to build a dog pen. The pen needs to be at least 30 ft long but at most 50 ft long.
It needs to be at least 10 ft wide, but at most 15 ft wide.
The fencing costs $4.50 per foot.

Make three different pen designs that fit the situation, and find their prices.

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Area of Rectangle
1. Find the area of these rectangles.

2. Find the missing measurements.

a. b. c.

3. a. Draw a square with area 4 sq. in.

b. Draw a square with area 9 sq. cm.

c. Draw a rectangle with area 10 sq. in.

4. Here you see three different shaped rectangles

that all have the area of __ square units.

Below, draw 4 different rectangles that have

the area of 24 square units.

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Area of Right Triangle

1. Find the area of the triangles.

b. c. d.
a.

SIDE × SIDE
The area of a right triangle is because
2
it is exactly _________ of the area of a rectangle.

2. Find the area of these triangles.

3. Here are two different shaped right

triangles with the area of 10 square units.

Below, draw 3 different right triangles that

have the area of a. 6 b. 9 square units.

4. a. Draw a right triangle so that

the two sides that are perpendicular
to each other are 2 cm and 3 cm.
What is its area?

b. Draw a right triangle whose

area is 8 square inches.

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Area of a parallelogram
1. We can cut a piece from a parallelogram, “glue” it to the other end, and so make a rectangle.

→ Area: ________

→ Area: ________

→ Area: ________

2. Find the area of the parallelograms.

a. b. c. d.

3. The parallelograms on the right

have an area of 15 square units.

On the grid below, draw 2 differently shaped

parallelograms that have the area of
a. 20 b. 8 square units.

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Altitude of a Triangle

1. The altitude of a triangle is a line segment from one

_________ of a triangle to the opposite side so that
the line segment is ________________ to the side.

Note how the altitude of an obtuse triangle

can fall outside of the triangle.

You can draw the altitude from ANY vertex of the triangle.
In fact, to every triangle you can draw _______ different altitudes!

To find the altitude with a protractor, position your protractor so that

the straight edge of it will go through the vertex of the triangle, and
the 90 degree mark will be lined up with the side of the triangle.

For big size triangles you have to use the other method
which uses a compass and a ruler.

2. Draw all three altitudes to these triangles. Can you draw

accurately enough so that all three altitudes will meet at one point?
What special is there about altitudes in a right triangle?

a.
b.

c. d.

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Area of Triangles

b. The area of any triangle is

×
2
1. a. The area of any parallelogram is

__________ × ___________.

2. Find the area of the triangles.

a. b. c. d.

3. Find out the area of the following triangles.

4. Draw 4 different shaped triangles that have the area of 12 square units.

5. Draw two different shape triangles with base 2 in and altitude 1 1/2 in. What is their area?

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Area Problems
1. A wall is 8 feet high and 10 feet wide. In it is one window the size 3.5 ft x 4.5 ft.
What is the area of the wall that needs painted?

2. Paint covers 350 square feet per gallon. How many quarts of paint do you need to paint
the wall in problem 1?

3. a. A 20 ft x 30 ft house has walls 8 ft tall. What is the total area of the walls?
Assume no windows or doors.

b. Is 2 gallons of paint enough to paint its walls? If not, how many gallons are enough?

4. Calculate your answer to problem 3 a) and b) again, now assuming that the house has
8 windows the size 3 ft x 4 ft and one door 4 ft x 6 ft.

5. What part of the whole floor is the dark area?

Remember to simplify your fraction.

6. A room is 12 ft x 10 ft. What part of

the floor does a 3 x 4 ft carpet cover?

7. Design a rectangular carpet that covers

1/4 of the floor in (6).

8. Betty's plot is 40 m x 25 m in size. Her house that sits in the middle is 20 m x 12 m.

Then there is a paved yard in front of her house, 4 m x 5 m in size. The rest of it is grass.
Find Betty's lawn size in square meters.

If her son can mow 500 square meters of grass in one hour, how long approximately
will it take for him to mow Betty's grass?

9. This box's dimensions are 2 ft x 1.5 ft x 1.5 ft. Mark those on the picture.

What is the total area of the box's sides and bottom

(ie. not including the top)?

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Areas
1. Draw a parallelogram, a rectangle, an acute triangle, and an obtuse triangle
that all have area 10 square units.

2. a. Find the area of the hexagon. b. and c. Find the area of the shaded figures.
Consider first the areas of the rectangles they are enclosed in.

a. c.
b.

3. Draw here an equilateral triangle.

Then find its area in square inches.

4. Draw a parallelogram that is not a rectangle.

Then find its area in square centimeters.

5. Draw an isosceles triangle with 3-in base and

75° base angles. Find its area in square inches.

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Circle

1. Find the areas and circumferences

of these two circles.

a. b.
2. Find the area of a circle whose
a. diameter is 6 3/16 inches
b. circumference is 6.5 miles

3. The diameter of the colored (outer) circle is 14 cm, and

the diameter of the inner circle is half that.
a. Find the colored area in square centimeters.
b. How many percent is the area of the smaller
circle of the area of the bigger circle?

4. Draw a square and a circle so that both

have an area of 16 cm2. Does one of them
“appear” bigger to the eye (even though
we know both have the same area)?
Or do both look like they would have the
same area?

5. A typical 400-meter race track consists of a rectangle with 100 meter

longer sides, and two semicircles attached to both ends of the rectangle
so that the circumference of each semicircle is 100 meters.

What is the total area of the shape?

6. This is a picture of the Jackson's back yard. They've just added

a circle-shaped herb garden in their yard that previously was
all lawn.
a. Find the lawn area now.
b. How many percent smaller is the lawn
area now than before?

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Area of Circle
The area of a circle with radius r is A = π r2.

1. Estimate the area by counting squares. Then find the exact area.

a.

Radius: ______ units b. c.

Area: Area: Area:
estimate ____ square units estimate ____ square units estimate ____ square units
exactly _____ square units exactly _____ square units exactly _____ square units

2. Your mom's pies might be circular, but actually “pie are square”! What is that all about?

3. Find the area of a circle whose...

a. radius is 5 cm b. radius is 7.38 in c. diameter is 11 in d. diameter is 21 cm

4. a. Make a copy of this picture so

the area of the square is 25 cm2.

b. Find the area of your circle.

c. Find the area of the shaded parts.

5. a. The diameter of the famous Hubble space telescope's main mirror is 94 inches.
Find its area in square inches.

b. 1 square foot is ____ in x ____ in = _______ square inches.

c. Use the info you found in b) to convert the area of Hubble's mirror into square feet.

d. Which has the larger area, Hubble's main mirror or a table that is 7 feet square?
How much larger?

e. Suppose you're using Hubble's mirror as a table top (or an imitation!).

How many persons can be seated around it, if you need to have 25 inches space for each chair?
How many persons could sit around the table that was 7 feet square?

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Area of Triangle and Parallelogram 1

1. Find the area of these

parallelograms.

a.
b.

2. Find the areas of these parallelograms, either in

square millimeters or square inches.

a. b.

3. How can we use this picture to show that the area of

a parallelogram is its height times its base?

4. Find the area of these triangles.

b.
a.

c. d.

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Area of Triangle and Parallelogram 2

1. Find the area of this triangle, using three
different altitudes and bases.

Are your results near each other?

Should they be?

2. a. Write an expression for the area of this triangle.

b. If s = 7/16 in., what is the area of the triangle?

3. What is the height of this parallelogram?

4. Draw a parallelogram, a rectangle, an acute triangle, and an obtuse triangle

that all have an area of 8 square units.

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Area of Trapezoid

1. Find the areas of these trapezoids.

a. c.
b.
2. Find the area of this trapezoid.
Measure what you need with a ruler.

3. A parallelogram is divided into two

parts with the altitude line h.
Find the areas of the parts.

4. Draw a trapezoid with an area of 20 square units.

(Hint: consider it as a triangle, rectangle, and
another triangle.)

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Area of Polygons

1. Find the area of the colored quadrilateral. (Hint: subtract.)

2. Find the areas of these shapes in square millimeters.

a. b.

3. Jack is painting his house. One side of his

house looks like this. It has two windows
that are 2.5 x 3.5 ft. How many square feet
is the area that needs painted (on this side)?

4. A certain triangle's base is 4 m, and its area is 15 m2. What is its altitude?

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Area vs. Perimeter

1. If a rectangle's area is 24, what can its perimeter
be? Fill out the table. You can sketch
rectangles in the grid.

Rectangle's sides Area Perimeter

24
24
24
24

2. If a rectangle's area is 36, what can its perimeter be?

Rectangle's sides Area Perimeter

36
36
36
36
36

3. If a rectangle's perimeter is 20, what can its area be?

Rectangle's sides Area Perimeter

20
20
20
20
20

4. You want to build a rectangular dog pen with 60 ft of fencing, and the pen's area should be
at least 200 sq. ft. Draw sketches of three designs that would work.

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Perimeter and Area Problems

1. Joe's pizzeria offers the following pizzas. Let's find out which is the best buy.
a. Find the area of each pizza, and the cost Pizza Area Cost per
per square inch. Write those in the table. Cost
diameter (sq. in.) square inch
Find the area to four decimals.
Find the cost per square inch to tenth of a cent 10'' $7.99
(three decimals).
12'' $9.99
b. Which pizza is the cheapest per square inch? 14'' $12.99
18'' $15.99

c. Which is cheaper per square inch, the 12'' or the 10'' pizza?

d. Which gives you more to eat, two 10'' pizzas or one 14'' pizza?

e. Which gives you more to eat, three 10'' pizzas or one 18'' pizza?

2. A triangle's sides are 4.7 cm, 9.8 cm, and 6.2 cm. Another similar triangle is just half that size.
Find the perimeter of this smaller triangle.

3. On paper, Mr. Smith's house plan measures 9'' x 12''. In reality the house is 40 times as big.
Find the house's perimeter in feet, and area in square feet.

4. a. Find the cost of fencing this yard, when

the fence costs $11.59 per meter.

b. Find the area of the yard.

c. What part of the yard will a rectangular

6 m x 4 m pool take?

5. A plot of farmland is divided into two parts by a ditch.

a. Find the area of both of those parts.

* b. What percent of the total area is the smaller part?

* c. If the whole plot costs $12,000,

what should the smaller part cost?

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Area Units

1 cm2 = ______ mm2

1. a. b. 1 m2 = ______ cm2
c.
Sides are ____ mm. Sides are _____ cm. Sides are _____ m. 1 km2 = ______ m2
Area is _____ mm2. Area is ______ cm2. Area is _____ m2.

1 sq. ft = _____ sq. in

1 sq. yd. = _____ sq. ft.
d. e. 1 sq. mi. = _____ sq. ft.
f.
Sides are ____ in. Sides are _____ ft. Sides are _____ ft.
Area is _____ sq. in. Area is ______ sq. ft. Area is _____ sq. ft.

b. 1 inch = 2.54 cm
2. a. One acre is equal to a square with
220 yard sides. Calculate: 1 sq. in = _______ cm2.
1 acre = __________ square yards
c. 1 foot = 0.3048 meters.
1 acre = __________ square feet
1 sq. ft = _______ m2.

3. The tables list some U.S. and European photograph sizes. U.S. sizes European
4 x 6 in sizes
a. Match each U.S. size to its closest European counterpart
5 x 7 in 9 x 13 cm
(there are three such pairs).
8 x 10 in 10 x 15 cm
b. For each matched pair, calculate the difference in their area 13 x 18 cm
in square inches and in square centimeters. 15 x 22 cm
20 x 25 cm
c. How many percent bigger or smaller are the European sizes
as compared to the U.S. sizes? (The U.S. size is your reference [original] size.)

4. Amelia partitioned off a 200 ft x 150 ft lot to sell from her 2.5 acre lot.
a. How many square feet is her original lot? How about her remaining lot?
b. How many percent of the original lot is the lot she is selling?
c. If the value of her original 2.5 acre lot is $70,000,
for how much would she sell the small lot?

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Area Problems
1. The base of the outer triangle is 14 inches and the altitude is 12 1/8 inches.
The sides of the smaller triangle are exactly half of those of the colored one.
a. What is the area of the colored part?
b. What part of the area of the outer triangle is the area of the inner triangle?
(Imagine you moved the white triangle into one corner...)

2. Jeannie makes a quilt. You see one of her squares here. It is an 8” x 8”

white square. In it is a yellow square, and within the yellow square
is a blue big triangle, and inside the blue triangle is a small pink triangle.
a. Find how many square inches is the pink triangle.
b. Find how many square inches are the blue areas.
c. Find how many square inches are the yellow areas.
d. How many percent of the total area is blue? Pink? Yellow?

3. John and Jane got this plot of land as inheritance, and they
need to split it into two equal-size areas. Divide the plot
for them. Explain the shape and the exact dimensions of
each person's plot.

4. The area of an isosceles right triangle is 18 cm2. Draw it.

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Exploring the Area of Similar Figures

1. Fill in the table with the areas of squares, when the side length is given. Squares
Side Area
1
2
3
4
5
a. When the side length doubles (from 1 to 2, or from 2 to 4, or from 5 to 10 etc.),
how many-fold is the increase in area? 6
7
b. When the side length triples (from 1 to 3, or from 2 to 6, or from 3 to 9),
8
how many-fold is the increase in area?
9
c. When the side length quadruples (from 1 to 4, or from 2 to 8, or from 3 to 12), 10
how many-fold is the increase in area?
11
12

2. Let's examine what happens to the area when you

stretch a right triangle so it retains its shape.
a. When the side lengths double, how many-fold
is the increase in area?
b. When the side lengths triple, how many-fold
is the increase in area?

3. Compare the sides (or side & altitude) and areas of the two shapes in each picture.

a. The sides of the shapes are in ratio __ : __.

The areas are in ratio __ : ___ .

b. The sides of the shapes are in ratio __ : __.

The areas are in ratio __ : ___ . a.

c. The base and altitude of the shapes are in ratio __ : __. b.

The areas are in ratio __ : ___ .

d. The base and altitude of the shapes are in ratio __ : __.

The areas are in ratio __ : ___ .

c. d.

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Area of Similar Figures

1. A rectangle's sides are 2 and 8. Another rectangle's sides are 10 times that long. How many-fold
is the area of the bigger rectangle as compared to the smaller one?

2. A 45 cm x 65 cm rectangle is shrunk so the sides are 1/5 of the original size.

The area is now only _____ part of the original area.

3. John is shrinking rectangles on the computer. If his new rectangle's sides are...
... 7/10 of the sides of the original, then its area is ______ of the area of the original.
.... 89/100 of the sides of the original, then its area is _____ of the area of the original.
... 78% of the sides of the original, then its area is ____% of the area of the original.

4. a. How many 2 in x 3 in photos can you fit, side by side,

on top of a 30 in x 45 in poster?
b. What is the ratio of the area of the small photo and
the area of the poster?

5. Here you see two similar triangles with similarity ratio 8:11.
If the area of the smaller is 25 square inches, what is
the area of the bigger?

6. Jill stretched an image on the computer so that its sides were 128% of the original image's sides.
How many percent of the area of the original image is the area of the image now?

7. If you cut off 5% of all sides of a triangle to get a new, smaller similar triangle,
how many percent is the area of the new triangle of the area of the original one?

8. The table lists some common mattress sizes. Mattress Size Width Length Area
a. All the mattresses are rectangles, but are they Twin 39” 75”
actually similar? Are any two similar rectangles?
Double 54” 75”
Queen 60” 80”
b. Find how many percent is the area of the Double of
King 78” 80”
the area of the Twin, how many percent is the area of
the Queen of the are of the Double, and how many
percentis the area of the King of the area of the Queen.

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Surface Area
1. Find the total surface area of these objects.

b. c.
a.

d.
e. f.

i.
(a regular tetrahedron)
g. h. s = 10 ft

2. Janet wants to cover a toilet paper roll with craft paper (the ends remain open).
The diameter of the roll's end circle is 2 1/4 inches and its height is 8 inches.
What size and shape piece should she cut out of the craft paper?

3. Find the surface area of a tin can without its lid, when its bottom
diameter is 21.5 cm, and its height is 8.4 cm.

4. The side of one cube is 1 cm, and the side of another cube is 120% of the side of the first one.
How many percent is the surface area of the bigger cube of the surface area of the smaller cube?

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Area Problems
1. A circle with diameter 4 inches is drawn
inside a square with 4-inch sides.
a. Draw the circle and the square.

b. Find the area of the square that is

outside the circle.

c. How many percent is the area of the circle

of the area of the square?

2. Find the surface area of this triangular prism. The top and bottom are
equilateral triangles with 5 cm sides, and altitude of 4.3 cm.

3. The outer dimensions of a small box are 4.3 cm x 3.4 cm x 1.2 cm,
and those of a bigger box are 7.3 cm x 4.9 cm x 2.6 cm.
Five of the little boxes have approximately the same volume as 1 big box.
But compare the surface areas: how many-fold is the surface area of five
small boxes as compared to one big one's surface area?

4. Obviously, the larger your water pipe, the more water can flow through it
(though the pressure also plays a part).
One water pipe has outer diameter 24 mm and inner diameter 18 mm, and another pipe
has outer diameter 42 mm and inner diameter 34 mm.
a. Find the areas of the circular cross-sections of both pipes
— in other words, the area the water flows through.
b. How many-fold is the area of the cross section of the bigger pipe as
compared to the smaller pipe? Give your answer as a percent.

5. Farmer Brown has planted 20 acres with wheat, but fire burnt some of it
— an approximately circle-shaped area with 500 ft diameter.
a. How many percent of Farmer Brown's crops were destroyed?
b. Last year, Farmer Brown got 35 bushels of wheat per acre. How many bushels can
he expect this year from his whole field?

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Volume 1
1. Find the volume of these figures.

3. Using the above figures as models, draw “boxes” (box-shaped figures) whose volume is

a. 1 cubic unit b. 2 cubic units c. 4 cubic units

3. a. Imagine stacking blocks into a 'box' shape 2 blocks wide, 2 blocks high, and 2 blocks deep.
How many blocks do you need?

b. Same as above, but now you do it 3 blocks wide, 3 blocks high, and 3 blocks deep.
How many blocks do you need?

c. Here is the one for 4 blocks wide, 4 blocks high, and 4 blocks deep.
How many blocks were used?

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Volume 2
1. Find the volume in cubic units.

a. b.

c.

2. Write the dimensions and volume of the boxes in previous exercise IF their top layer was removed.

3. What is the volume of a box that is

a. ... 2 units wide, 4 units deep, and 4 units high
b. ... 7 cm wide, 5 cm deep, and 10 cm high
c. ... 3 inches x 5 inches on the bottom, and 6 inches tall

4. Design a box (give its dimensions) whose volume is

a. 64 cubic inches b. 1,000 cubic centimeters c. 400 cubic feet

5. A rectangular pool takes up an area of 60 ft x 25 ft, and it is 6 ft deep. What is its volume?

6. The volume of this box is 36 cubic inches. If the longest side

is 6 inches and it is 2 inches tall, find the depth of the box.

7. What is the height of this box, if its bottom dimensions are 2 cm x 4 cm,
and its volume is 32 cubic centimeters?

8. The volume of a vegetable crate is 960 cubic inches. If the height of the box is 8 inches,
what could the bottom dimensions be? (There are several possible answers).

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Volume
1. Find the volume in cubic units.

a.

b.

2. Using the above pictures as models, draw a box and find its volume.
a. 3 units wide, 2 units deep, and 2 units high.
b. 5 units wide, 1 unit deep, and 5 units high.

3. Find the volume.

b. A rectangular box has c. Another box's dimensions

bottom dimensions are 4 1/2 in x 5 in x 2 in.
20 in x 12 in, and height What is its volume?
4 in. Find its volume.

a.

4. Design a box whose volume is 50 cubic centimeters.

5. A rectangular box has bottom dimensions 5 1/2 inches x 6 inches.

Its volume is 165 cubic inches. So how high is it?

6. John's room is 12 ft x 18 ft, and it is 7 ft high. The family plans to lower

the ceiling by 1 foot. What is the volume of the room after that, and
how much volume (in cubic feet) did the room lose?

73
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Sketching 3-dimensional Figures

When sketching a cube or a rectangular prism, draw the face facing
you normally. But draw the edges going towards the paper, or
depth-wise, with half of their normal length and in a 45 ° angle
compared to the vertical side. This creates a perspective to the
picture.
Note that this depicts a cube with 2-cm long sides.

1. Finish drawing the cube.

If its edges are all 2.3 cm long, what is its volume?

2. Sketch the figures on other paper. Then find their volumes.

a. a cube with 4.5 cm edges
b. a cube with 3 1/2 inch edges
c. a rectangular prism (a box) that is 4.2 cm wide, 2.3 cm high, and 5 cm deep.
d. a rectangular prism (a box) that is 3 1/4 in wide, 1 5/8 in high, and 3 in deep.

To draw a square pyramid, first draw the square on the base

following the instructions above. The bottom square will therefore
be a parallelogram on your paper, but the perspective makes it
seem to be a square.
If you want a rectangular pyramid, then draw a rectangle as the base.

3. Complete the sketches.

a. If the apex is directly above b. If the apex is somewhere

the center of the base, else, we get a skewed c. Complete
it's a right pyramid. pyramid. sketching a cone.

4. Sketch a right square pyramid with base edges 3 inches, and height 5 inches.

5. Sketch a rectangular pyramid whose base is 5 cm x 4.3 cm, and height 4 cm. Make it skewed.

6. Sketch a few cones on your paper, too.

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Volume and 3-d figures

1. Which of these figures belongs

where in the table? (Sometimes
you have two right choices.)

Name of Figure Faces Edges Vertices

6 12 8
6 12 8
5 8 5
5 8 5
4 6 4
2 1 1
3 2 0

2. If each little box is 1 cubic inch, what is

the total volume of the outer box?

3. Find the volume of a box that is 5 inches high,

5 inches wide, and 8 inches deep.

4. Find the volume of a room

that is 24 ft x 20 ft, and 8 feet high.

5. The volume of this cube is 8 cubic inches.

What is its height?

6. The volume of this box is 24 cubic inches. 3 in

What is its depth?
4 in

7. You need to pack twenty school books into boxes. The books' dimensions are 8 in x 10 in x 1 in.
Decide what kind of “piles” the books would be in, or if they would be standing instead.
Then design a box that can contain the books. What are the dimensions of your box?

8. Same as above, but now the books' dimensions are 8 1/4 in x 10 1/4 in x 3/4 in.

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Area - Perimeter - Volume

1. Draw 3 different rectangles that have the area 20 square units. Find your rectangles' perimeters.

Which rectangle had the smallest perimeter?

Can you draw one with smaller perimeter yet (but with same area)?

2 a. Draw a square whose perimeter is 4 inches. b. Draw a square whose area is 9 sq cm.
What is its area? What is its perimeter?

3. Which one of perimeter, area, or volume fits each situation, if you need to find out...
a. how much fence is needed to go around a yard?
b. how much water fits into a bottle?
c. how big a carpet will cover the floor?

4. A farmer wants to build a sheep yard that is 120 square feet in area. Suggest three different
rectangular shapes for him. Also calculate how much fence he needs for each yard.
Which rectangular shape of yours uses the least amount of fence?

5. This aquarium's dimensions are 2 ft x 1.5 ft x 1.5 ft.

How many cubic inches of water would fit in it?

6. Another aquarium's dimensions are 4 ft x 2 ft x 2 ft. Jenny wants to divide it into two parts
with a glass wall so that the first part has a volume between 10,000 and 12,000 cubic inches.
Help Jenny: where should she place the divider glass?

76
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Volume Problems
* In this worksheet you will need to know how to find the volume of a cylinder.

Volume of a cylinder is the area of the base multiplied by the height.

In metric system 1 mL = 1 cm3 (cubic centimeter)

1. a. Find the volume of this cylinder.

b. Find the volume of this triangular cylinder.

Its height is 3'' and the bottom is a triangle
with base 1'' and altitude 1 1/2 ''. a. b.

2. The diameter of a tube is 11.2 cm, and its height is 35 cm.

Find the volume.

3. A milk carton that is a rectangular cylinder is 6.8 cm x 6.8 cm at the bottom, and is 18.8 cm high.
Find its volume in cubic centimeters. For your comparison, the label on the carton says “900 cm3”.

4. a. An ice cube is 2.5 cm x 3 cm at the bottom and is 3 cm high (is it really a cube?).
Find its volume.

b. You put five such ice cubes into a 350-ml glass.

How much water can you pour in after that before it spills?

5. a. At home, measure the necessary parts and figure out

the volume of a cylinder-shaped mugin cubic centimeters.

b. Also measure the volume of the mug in milliliters, using a measuring

cup and water. Doesthis agree with what you got in a) ?

*6. a. Find the area of this barn front

(without the door, of course).

b. The sides of the barn measure 45 ft x 20 ft.

The back is identical to the front. Find the total
wall area of the barn.

c. You're going to paint the barn's outside walls.

If 1 gallon of paint covers 350 square feet, how
many gallons do you need to buy to have enough paint?

77
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Volume Units
1. a. 1 cubic foot b. 1 cubic inch

___ in. × ___ in. × ___ in. 2.54 cm × ____ cm × ____ cm

= ____ cubic inches. = ____ cubic centimeters.

c. 1 cubic centimeter d. 1 cubic meter

___ mm × ____ mm × ____ mm ___ cm × ____ cm × ____ cm

= ____ cubic millimeters. = ____ cubic centimeters
Remember!
e. 1 cubic meter f. 1 cubic foot
1 cm3 = 1 ml

1000 cm3 = 1 liter 3.2808 ft × ____ ft × ____ ft 30.48 cm × ____ cm × ____ cm

= ____ cubic feet. = ____ cubic centimeters.

2. A juice carton has a 7 x 7 cm square at the bottom, and it is 24 cm tall. What is its volume
in cubic centimeters, and in milliliters?
Could you use that carton to store 1 liter of milk?

3. A cylinder-shaped shampoo bottle is 24 cm tall, and the bottom circle's diameter is 7.2 cm.
What is its volume in cubic centimeters? In milliliters?
If the bottle says it contains 1000 ml of shampoo, by how much are you being short-changed?

4. About how many gallons is a plastic tote that is 20 in wide, Converting measures of volume
12 in. deep, and 15 in. high?
1 liquid pint = 28.875 cubic inches

5. How many gallons of water can you fit into a 2 ft × 2 ft × 2 ft cube? 1 gallon = 231 cubic inches

6. Your plastic container is approximately a rectangular cylinder, with dimensions 8” × 4” × 3”.

How many cups and ounces of water can it hold?

7. Convert.
a. 1 m3 = ______ liters b. 3.1 m3 = _____ cubic feet

c. 54 cubic inches = _____ cm3 d. 5 gallons = _____ cu. in.

e. 240 cubic feet = _____ m3 f. 8.2 cubic feet = ______ cubic inches

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Volume of Cylinders and Prisms

The volume of a cylinder or a prism = area of base × height

1. Find the volume of these.

a.
b. c.

f.
e. 1 ft 7 in
d.

2. How many 10” × 10” × 2”books can you stack into a box with 20” × 20” × 20” dimensions?

3. How many 30” × 30” × 30” boxes can you fit into a moving
truck which has inside dimensions 8 ft × 8 ft × 24 ft ?

4. a. Find the volume of Jack's tent. 5. a. Find the volume of this structure.
b. Find the surface area of his tent. b. What size tarp would cover the top part?

6. a. Find the volume of a rectangular 20 ft × 10 ft × 30 ft storage.

b. Comparing the storage in problem 5 and this one, how many
percent is the volume of the half-circle storage of this storage?

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Volume of Cones and Pyramids

Volume = 1/3 × area of base × height

1. Find the volume of these objects.

b.
a. c.

2. If you have a cube with 6 inch sides, and a square pyramid

that fits right inside it so that the base of the pyramid sits in
the bottom of the cube, and the peak of the pyramid just touches
the top side of the cube, what is the volume of the pyramid?
1 d.
3. Find the volumes.
a. a straight cone that is 11 cm tall, and its base
is a circle with 5 cm diameter.

b. a square pyramid with 4 cm sides in

the base, and height of 10 cm.

4. a. Sketch the cone and the pyramid

in 3 a) and in 3 b).
b. Find their volumes in milliliters.
Which one has the larger volume?
What is the difference?

5. An ice cream cone is 12 cm tall and has a circle with 5.5 cm diameter. On top of that cone, there is
more ice cream in a cylindrical shape. The cylinder of ice cream has the same circle as its base
and is 4 cm tall. Find the total volume of ice cream.

6. A juice company plans to sell a new 'hit' juice in three different containers:
z a 10 cm tall can (cylinder), which has a 5 cm-diameter circle as a base
z a 9 cm tall square pyramid whose bottom sides are 9 cm each
z a box with dimensions 4 cm × 6 cm × 8 cm

a. Find the volumes of them all and put them in order from smallest volume to the greatest.
b. If the juice is supposed to be sold at the unit rate of $5 per liter, what would
the price be for the three containers?

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Volume Problems
1. A die measures 1.1 cm on all sides. A baby block measures 3 cm on all sides.
How many dice can you stack into a 20 cm x 20 cm x 12 cm cardboard box?
How many baby blocks?

2. You need: a measuring cup that measures in milliliters, water, a small ball, a tennis ball,
a drinking glass.
Figure out a method to findthe volume of the balls. After all, you cannot pour water inside them.
The volumes are:
the small ball _______ml, the tennis ball _______ml, the drinking glass _______ml.
Now compare the volumes:
The volume of the small ball is about ______% of the volume of the drinking glass.
The volume of the tennis ball is about ______% of the volume of the drinking glass.

3. You need: a toilet paper roll, a cylinder-shaped glass, a ruler.

Find the volume of the toilet paper roll and of the glass, in milliliters.
Which has bigger volume?
How many milliliters more is the volume of the larger object?
How many percent more is the volume of the larger object?

4. This is Grandma's cottage.

a. Find its total volume (in two parts).

b. The cottage has five windows, each being 3 ft x 4 ft,

and one door, 4 ft x 8 ft. If Grandma wants to paint
the cottage pink, find the total area she needs to
paint. Remember to include the two end parts
of the roof, but not the roof itself.

5. Mr. Johnson's bedroom measures 12 ft x 18 ft x 12 ft.

a. If he lowers the ceiling so that the height becomes 11 ft, how

many percent decrease is that in the total volume of the room?
b. How many percent does the surface area decrease?

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Pythagorean Theorem
1. These are right triangles. Write
the equation according to
Pythagorean theorem and check
that it is true.

a.
b.

2. The three sides of a triangle are given. Use the Pythagorean theorem to check if the triangle is right.
a. 10, 12, 15 b. 9, 11, 5 c. 12, 16, 20.

3. Find the length of the hypotenuse for these right triangles.

a. b.

4. Find the length of the hypotenuse when the two other sides of a right triangle are given.
a. 11 cm and 15 cm b. 24 in and 30 in c. 5.4 m and 3.9 m

5. Find the missing side length of these right triangles.

b. c.
a.

6. Find the diagonal of the square on the left.

7. A park is 90 m x 90 m square.
How long is a diagonal across the park?

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Using the Pythagorean Theorem

1. An 8-foot ladder is placed on the wall of a 2. Find the area of an equilateral triangle
house so that its lower end is 2 feet from whose sides are 4 units long.
the wall. At what height does the ladder
touch the house?

3. A wired gate is 2 m wide and 1.8 m tall. It needs braces

welded to it as shown in the picture.
Find the length of the braces.

4. Alice takes a shortcut along the diagonal of a rectangular

plot that is 35 m wide and 25 m long, instead of going
along the sides. How much does that shorten her path?

5. An airplane is flying at the altitude of 770 meters, and is

at the distance of 3.4 km from the airport. What is
the airplane's ground-distance from the airport?

6. An isosceles triangle's base is 15 cm and

the other two sides are 21 cm. Find its area.

7. Find the perimeter of this lot.

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The Pythagorean Theorem

1. The numbers given are the measures of the three sides of a triangle.
Determine if the triangle is a right triangle.
a. 4, 5, 8 b. 6, 8, 10 c. 3, √8, 5

2. Find the unknown side lengths of the triangles.

a. b.

d.
c.

3. Find each missing measure, if a and b are the legs and c is the hypotenuse of a right triangle.

a. a = 6, b = 16, c = ?

b. a = √2, b = 7, c = ?

c. a = ?, b = 21, c = 40

d. a = √18, b = ?, c = 7

e. a = ?, b = 8.4, c = 14.9
2 4
f. a = , b = , c = ?
7 5

4. a. Find a square's diagonal, if its side is 7.8 cm.

b. A certain square's diagonal measures 65 in.

What is the square's side?

5. A square has the area 312 cm2. How long is its diagonal?

6. A rectangle's one side is 4/5 of the length of the other side,

and its diagonal is 35 feet. How long are its sides?

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Geometry Problems
1. a. Find the area of this equilateral triangle
to the nearest tenth of a square unit.

b. Find the area of the triangle to

the nearest tenth of a square inch.

2. A right triangle's hypotenuse is 67 cm, and

the length of one of the legs is 67% of the length
of the other leg. Find the length of the legs to
the nearest tenth of a centimeter.

3. What are the dimensions of the material needed for this kite?

4. Jen runs around the park for her morning exercise.

Will she exceed 6.5 km if she runs three laps?

5. Find the diagonal

of this cube.

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Geometry Review 1
1. Consider squares with sides 2 m, 4 m, 6 m, and so on Square
that are numbered from 1 on. Find their areas. Side Length Area
number
Record them in the table on the right.
1 2m 4 m2
a. What is the area of the 11th square? 2 4m
3 6m
b. Which is the number of that square whose area is 10,000 m2 ? 4
5
6

2. a. Jane is knitting a scarf that will be 6 1/2 feet long. Right now her scarf is 2 feet long. She wants
the scarf to be ready in ten days. How many inches should she knit every day to reach that goal?

b. Jane is so busy with other things that she can't knit as fast as planned. So after 5 days, the scarf
is now 3 1/2 feet long. How many inches does she still need to knit?
Will she reach her goal by knitting 7 inches per day?

3. a. What part of the whole floor is the highlighted area?

Remember to simplify your fraction.

b. A room is 15 ft x 20 ft. What part of the floor

does a 5 x 4 ft carpet cover?

4. You're selling a book that measures 1/2 in x 7 in x 10 in,

for $15.70 each. Someone buys six of them. LENGTH WIDTH THICKNESS PRICE

a. You stack them. What are the dimensions of the stack? 11 1/4 8 3/4 2 1/8 $0.46
11 1/4 8 3/4 3 $0.58
11 1/4 8 3/4 4 $0.64
b. What is the volume of the stack?
11 3/4 10 3/4 2 1/4 $0.60
12 1/4 9 1/4 3 $0.60
c. Select the cheapest box from this list
so that your stack will fit in it. 12 1/4 9 1/4 4 $0.70
15 1/8 8 3/4 3 $0.87

d. The postage will be $6.40. What will you need to charge 15 1/8 11 1/4 3 $0.97
the customer (the books, the box, the postage)?

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Geometry Review 2
1. The king of GeoLand wants a new room in his palace decorated with a two-color triangle design so
that the first color (turquoise) occupies 1/3 of the total area of the design, and the background color
(yellow) 2/3 of the total area. His designer came up with four suggestions.
Which one can the king accept?

d.
b.
c.
a.

2. Make your own design for the king, remembering the rule!

3. The measurements are right, but the units are not! Correct this silly story!

Once upon a time, a 6-meter king married a 155-inch lady. Soon they had a 7-kg baby girl. But soon
the lady died, and the king married another, 66-cm woman. But she started hating the girl and drove
her away from home. Sad and frightened, the girl fled through a forest until she found a small 21-yd x
21-yd cottage where lived 12 little men, measuring only 3 km!

The girl liked living with them and promised to sweep the about 41 sq km cottage floor every day. But
her evil stepmother found out, and had a deadly idea. She came and laced around her very tightly a
corset only 40 ft around her waist! She fell to the floor. Thankfully, the dwarfs found her and saved her
life.

But another time the evil woman came with a poisonous 100-lb apple. The non-suspecting girl took a
bite and fell down dead. Oh what sorrow! The tears of the little men filled a 5-ml bucket! They put her
into a 2-cm long glass casket.

After a while, a handsome 185-yd tall prince was riding thru the forest and found the casket. He got
permission to carry the 150-g casket to his castle. As his servants lifted the casket, one of them tripped
and fell down to the earth a distance of about 1.5 mm. The jolt was enough to loosen the apple from
her throat, and... you know the end! Snow White and the Prince rode to the castle, which was nearby,
only 2 meters away, and lived happily ever after!

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Geometry Terms Review 1

For each geometry term, sketch a little picture and explain (define) the term in your own words.

1. perpendicular lines

2. vertical angles

3. corresponding angles

4. parallel lines

5. right angle

6. obtuse angle

7. acute triangle

8. obtuse triangle

9. right triangle

10. isosceles triangle

11. equilateral triangle

12. trapezoid

13. parallelogram

14. rhombus

15. kite

16. rectangle

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Geometry Terms Review 2

For each geometry term, sketch a little picture and explain (define) the term in your own words.

17. pentagon

18. hexagon

19. regular hexagon

20. quadrilateral

21. similar figures

22. congruent figures

23. angle bisector

24. perpendicular bisector of a line segment

25. altitude of a triangle

26. diameter

27. pi

28. circumference

29. radius

30. rectangular prism

31. square pyramid

32. cone

33. cube

89
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z Make It Real Learning

These activity workbooks concentrate on answering the question, "Where is math used in real life?" The exercises
or activities in these books are taken from real life, and use real data. The series includes various workbooks for
grades 3-12.
www.MathMammoth.com/worksheets/mirl/

Learn more about Math Mammoth:

z Advice for parents:
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z Advice for teachers:

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z Frequently Asked Questions:

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z Math teaching videos:

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z About the author, Maria Miller:

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