Bai Hadja Fatima Matabay Plang: Children's Educational Foundation Village:

Doroloman, Magpet, Cotabato

Birth: January 21, 1912, in Pikit, Cotabato,
Philippines. Founded in 1968, now known as Cotabato
Foundation College of Science and
Education: Attended Philippine Normal
Technology.
College (now Philippine Normal University).
Mindanao Islamic Foundation Polytechnic
Earned a Bachelor of Science in Education
Institute: Established after her retirement
from the Philippine Women’s University.
in 1977.
Specialized in Social Welfare at the
Contributions to Education
University of Chicago as a Government
Pensionado. Conducted research and visited various
educational institutions in the U.S. to
Teaching Experience: Began teaching at
inform her vision for MIT, including Berea
Cotabato Elementary School.
State College and Central Luzon
Taught at Pagalungan Elementary School Agricultural College.
and Balongis Elementary School after
Contributed to the development of MIT,
World War II.
which later became the University of
Worked at Central Mindanao Colleges in Southern Mindanao (USM) in 1978.
Kidapawan City.
Legacy
Founding Institutions:
University of Southern Mindanao (USM):
Mindanao Institute of Technology (MIT):
Evolved from MIT and recognized for its
Advocated for its establishment after quality education and various Centers of
returning from the U.S. in 1950. Excellence.

Officially created on June 20, 1952, through USM is known for producing top-
Republic Act No. 763. performing graduates and maintaining high
educational standards.
Aimed to provide educational opportunities
for underprivileged youth and promote Death: Passed away on April 13, 1984.
cultural integration.
Module 2: Definition of History European Enlightenment: undermine old
ideas about politics, religion and natural
History: is the study of the past specifically,
world; this triggered a long period of
the people, societies, events and problems
curiosity, education and innovation.
of the past.
History is the study if difficulty and
The Meaning of History by Louis Gottschalk:
response
History: Greek word (estoria), historia,
Arnold Toynbee: believed historical change
meaning learning, inquiry, knowledge
is driven by difficulties and responses
acquired through investigation.
History is the study of dialectics
History is a narrative shaped by human
experience, beliefs, and institutions. Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770-
1831): theory of dialectics.
Emphasizes critical inquiry as essential for
uncovering truths about the past. - most historical changes and outcomes
were driven by dialectic interaction.
History and the Past by Jennifer Liewellyn
According to Hegel, for every thesis (a
and Steve Thompson:
proposition or 'idea') there exists an
Distinction between history (interpretation) antithesis (a reaction or 'opposite idea').
and the past (fixed events). The thesis and antithesis encounter or
struggle, from which emerges a synthesis (a
Importance of context and perspective in 'new idea').
understanding historical narratives.
Karl Marx (1818-1883): a student of Hegel
Theories of History: and incorporated the Hegelian dialectic into
his own theory of history - but with one
History is the study of great people
important distinction.
Ancient Greek writer Plutarch, true history
-history was shaped by the 'material
is the study of great leaders and innovators.
dialectic': the struggle between economic
History is the study of the “winds of classes.
change”
-believed the ownership of capital and
Wind of Change: those powerful ideas, wealth underpinned most social structures
forces and movements that shape or affect and interactions. All classes struggle and
how people live, work and think. push to improve their economic conditions.

Christianity: shaped government, society

and social customs in medieval Europe.
Positivism: Focus on empirical data and Importance: Offers context and scholarly
objective facts. perspectives on historical events.

Marxism: Emphasis on class struggle and Typology of Sources: Categories include

socio-economic factors. written documents, oral histories, visual
materials, and artifacts.
Postmodernism: Challenges grand
narratives; highlights multiple perspectives. Understanding source types helps evaluate
their reliability and relevance.
History is the story of the unexpected
Module 4: Primary Sources
-the past is filled with unexpected incidents,
surprises and accidental discoveries. 2 Kinds of Criticisms involved in examining
sources
Importance of Studying History:
External Criticism: Examines the
History helps us understand people and
authenticity of the document or the
societies
evidence being used.
History helps us understand changes and
Internal Criticism: Examines the
how the society we live in came to be
truthfulness of the content of the evidence.
History contributes to moral
Who is Antonio Pigafetta? (Antonio
understanding
Lombardo or Francisco Antonio Pigafetta)
History provides identity
:He was born in 1490, Vicenza, Venice Italy
Studying history is essential for good
:He studied astronomy, geography, and
citizenship
cartography
Module 3: Sources and Typology
:He worked in ships owned by Knights of
Primary Sources: Direct evidence from the Rhodes
time period studied (e.g., letters,
:Died around 1534
photographs, artifacts).
:Accompanied Ferdinand Magellan,
Importance: Provides firsthand accounts
together with Juan Sebatián Elcano in the
and insights into historical events.
famous expedition to Moluccas which
Secondary Sources: Interpretations or began in August 1519 and ended in
analyses based on primary sources (e.g., September 1522
textbooks, articles).
Brief Summary of Important events:
* In search of fame and fortune, Portuguese his own tribe. His name is Raia Calambu,
explorer, Ferdinand Magellan, set out from king of Zuluan and Calagan (Butuan and
seville on August 10, 1519 with the fleet Caragua) who was describe by Pigafetta as
(Armada de Moluccas) of five ships to the most handsome of all men in this place.
discover a western sea route to the spice
* On March 31, Magellan ordered for a
islands.
chaplain to preside for a mass as it was
* According to Pigafetta's account, their easter sunday. Pigatetta reported that the
fleet reached the ladrones Islands, "Land of kings attended the mass, “..when the
thieves". He describe the Islanders as, offertory of the mass came, the two kings,
“These people have no arms, but use went to kiss the cross like us, but they
sticks,which have a fish bone at the end. offered nothing, and at the elevation of
They are poor, but ingenious, and great the body of our Lord they were kneeling
thieves, and for the sake of that we called like us, and adored our Lord with joined
these three islands the ladrones islands” hands.” This Mass would go down in history
as the first Mass in the Philippines, and the
* Ten days after they reached ladrones
cross would be the famed Magellan's Cross.
Islands, they landed on the Isle of Zamal
(Presently Samar). On March 18, After two * On April 7, Magellan and his men reached
days, they were welcomed by the natives, Zzubu (Present Cebu) where the king
in which they exchange goods such as demanded a tribute as a custom. However,
drinks and foods. Pigafetta describe them as he refused because he was a captain of
“very familiar and friendly” another King.

* The fleet went to Humunu sland * His faith entails children's honor and
(Homonhon) and there they found what obedience to their parents. On the 14th of
Pigatetta referred to as the “Watering Place April, the people gathered with the king
of Good Signs.” they named the island witn and other principal men of the islands.
the nearby islands as the archipelago of St. Magellan spoke to the king and encouraged
Lazarus. him to be a good Christian by burning all of
the idols and worshipping the cross instead.
* On March 25 - They encountered a
the king of Cebu was then baptized as a
ballanghai, a long boat full of people from
Christian.
Massava Mazaua (Present limasawa Island,
leyte). The leader of ballanghai sent his * On April 26th, Zula, a principal man from
men to the ship of magellan, and the the island of Matan (Mactan) went to see
european entertained them with gifts. Magellan and asked him for a boat full of
men so that he would be able to fight the
* After a few days, Magellan meets the
chief named Silapulapu (Lapulapu).
leader's brother who was also a leader of
The Battle In Mactan was recounted by
Pigafetta as, “When we reached land we
found the islanders fifteen hundred in
number, drawn up in three squadrons; they
came down. upon us with terrible shouts,
two squadrons attacking us on the flanks,
and the third in front. The captain then
divided his men in two bands. Our
musketeers and crossbow-men fired for half
an hour from a distance, but did nothing,
since the bullets and arrows, though they
passed through their shields made of thin
wood, and perhaps wounded their arms, yet
did not stop them. The captain shouted not
to fire, but he was not listened to. The
islanders seeing that the shots of our guns
did them little or no harm would not retire,
but shouted more loudly, and springing
from one side to the other to avoid our
shots, they at the same time drew nearer to
us, throwing arrows, javelins, spears
hardened in fire, stones, and even mud, so
that we could hardly defend ourselves.
Some of them cast lances pointed with iron
at the captain-general”