Counting Atom Notes
Counting Atom Notes
Background
Information:
• subscripts
–
the
little
numbers
that
tell
how
many
atoms
there
are
(ex:
In
3H2O,
the
2
is
the
subscript)
• coefficients
–
regular-‐sized
numbers
that
tell
how
many
molecules
there
are
(ex:
In
3H2O,
the
3
is
the
coefficient)
Example:
3H2O
• The
subscript
2
in
the
example
above
comes
after
the
H.
This
means
there
are
two
H’s
(hydrogen
atoms)
in
each
molecule.
• The
coefficient
3
shows
that
there
are
three
of
the
H2O
molecules.
We
could
draw
each
molecule
to
help
show
us
how
many
atoms
are
present.
H
H
O
+
H
H
O
+
H
H
O
Now
we
can
count
the
number
of
H’s
and
the
number
of
O’s.
3H2O
has
6
hydrogen
atoms
and
3
oxygen
atoms.
However,
drawing
out
each
equation
is
NOT
PRACTICAL.
The
number
of
atoms
can
be
counted
without
having
to
draw
it
out.
To
find
out
the
number
of
atoms:
MULTIPLY
all
the
SUBSCRIPTS
in
the
molecule
by
the
COEFFICIENT.
(This
will
give
you
the
number
of
atoms
of
each
element.)
To
mathematical
find
the
number
of
elements
that
make
up
3H2O,
we
multiply
the
2
by
the
coefficient
3
to
find
that
there
are
6
H’s.
Then
we
multiply
the
1
by
the
coefficient
3
to
find
that
there
are
3
O’s.
NOTE:
Although
the
1
is
usually
not
written,
3H2O
can
be
written
as
3H2O1.
(In
other
words,
3H2O
and
3H2O1
are
the
same
thing.)
HOW
TO
COUNT
ATOMS
IN
A
CHEMICAL
FORMULA
(5
Easy
Steps)
Step
1:
Write
the
chemical
formula
Step
2:
List
all
the
atoms
Step
3:
Count
the
number
of
atoms
of
each
element
in
1
molecule.
Step
4:
Multiply
the
number
of
atoms
of
each
by
the
coefficient.
Step
5:
Make
sure
your
answer
makes
sense.
Practice Examples
6
C2H5OH
(Ethanol)
C
-‐
2*6=12
H
-‐
6*6=36
O
-‐
1*6=6