FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY

OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING

(303105205)

III SEMESTER

Computer Science & Engineering Department

Laboratory Manual

Session:2024-25
 OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING PRACTICAL BOOK
COMPUTER SCIENCE &ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
PREFACE
It gives us immense pleasure to present the first edition of the OBJECT ORIENTED
PROGRAMMING Practical Book for the B.Tech . 3rd semester students for PARUL
UNIVERSITY.
The OOP theory and laboratory courses at PARUL UNIVERSITY, WAGHODIA,
VADODARA are designed in such a way that students develop the basic understanding of the
subject in the theory classes and then try their hands on the experiments to realize the various
implementations of problems learnt during the theoretical sessions. The main objective of the
OOP laboratory course is: Learning OOP through Experimentations. All the experiments are
designed to illustrate various problems in different areas of OOP and also to expose the students
to various uses.
The objective of this OOP Practical Book is to provide a comprehensive source for all
the experiments included in the OOP laboratory course. It explains all the aspects related to
every experiment such as: basic underlying concept and how to analyze a problem. It also gives
sufficient information on how to interpret and discuss the obtained results.
We acknowledge the authors and publishers of all the books which we have consulted
while developing this Practical book. Hopefully this OOP Practical Book will serve the purpose
for which it has been developed.
 INSTRUCTIONS TO STUDENTS

1. The main objective of the OOP laboratory is: Learning through the Experimentation. All
the experiments are designed to illustrate various problems in different areas of OOP and
also to expose the students to various problems and their uses.
2. Be prompt in arriving to the laboratory and always come well prepared for the practical.
3. Every student should have his/her individual copy of the OOP Practical Book.
4. Every student have to prepare the notebooks specifically reserved for the OOP practical
work: ” OOP Practical Book”
5. Every student has to necessarily bring his/her OOP Practical Book, OOP Practical Class
Notebook and OOP Practical Final Notebook.
6. Finally find the output of the experiments along with the problem and note results in the
OOP Practical Notebook.
7. The grades for the OOP practical course work will be awarded based on our performance
in the laboratory, regularity, recording of experiments in the OOP Practical Final
Notebook, lab quiz, regular viva-voce and end-term examination.
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that

Mr./Ms.............................................................................................................

......................... with enrolment no. ................................................................

has successfully completed his/her laboratory experiments in the

OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING (303105205) from the

department of COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING during the

academic year 2024-2025.

Date of Submission:......................... Staff In charge:...........................

Head Of Department:...........................................
 TABLE OF CONTENT

Sr. Experiment Page No. Date of Date of Sign Marks

No. Title From To Start Completion (out of
10)
1. Write a program to display Hello
World message in console
window.
2. Write a program to perform
arithmetic and bitwise operations
in a single source program without
object creation.
3. Write a program to perform
arithmetic and bitwise operations
by creating individual methods
and classes than create an object
to execute the individual methods
of each operation.
4. Write a java program to display
the employee details using
Scanner class.
5. Write a Java program that prints
all real solutions to the quadratic
equation ax2 + bx+c = 0. Read in
a, b, c and use the quadratic
formula. If the discriminate b2-4ac
is negative, display a message
stating that there are no real
solutions?
6. The Fibonacci sequence is defined
by the following rule. The first 2
values in the sequence are 1, 1.
Every subsequent value is the sum
of the 2 values preceding it. Write
a Java program that uses both
recursive and non- recursive
functions to print the nth value of
the Fibonacci sequence?
7. Write a Java program that prompts
the user for an integer and then
prints out all the prime numbers
up to that Integer?
8. Write a Java program to multiply
two given matrices?
9. Write a Java program for sorting a
given list of names in ascending
order?
10. Write a java program for Method
overloading and Constructor
overloading.
Sr. Experiment Page No. Date of Date of Sign Marks
No. Title From To Start Completion (out of
10)
11. Write a java program to
represent Abstract class
with example.
12. Write a java program to
implement multiple
Inheritances.
13. Write a java program to
demonstrate method
overriding and super
keyword.
14. Write a java program to
implement Interface using
extends keyword.
15. Write a java program to
create inner classes.
16. Write a java program to
create user defined package.
17. Write a Java program that
displays the number of
characters, lines and words
in a text?
18. Write a Java program that
checks whether a given
string is a palindrome or
not. Ex: MADAM is a
palindrome?
19. Write a Java program that
reads a line of integers and
then displays each integer
and the sum of all integers.
(Use StringTokenizer
class)?
20. Write a java program for
creating single try block
with multiple catch blocks.
21. Write a program for
multiple try blocks and
multiple catch blocks
including finally.
22. Write a program to create
user defined exception.
23. Write a java program for
producer and consumer
problem using Threads.
Sr. Experiment Page No. Date of Date of Sign Marks
No. Title From To Start Completion (out of
10)
24. Write a java program that
implements a multi-thread
application that has three threads.
First thread generates random
integer every 1 second and if the
value is even, second thread
computes the square of the
number and prints. If the value is
odd, the third thread will print the
value of cube of the number.
25. Write a program to create dynamic
array using ArrayList class and the
print the contents of the array
object.
26. Write programs to implement add,
search and remove operation on
ArrayList object.
Practical-1

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Practical-1

Aim:- Write a program to display Hello World message in console

window.
Code:-
// This is the declaration of the Main class, which is the entry point of the program.
public class Main {
// This is the main method, where the program starts execution.
public static void main(String[] args) {
// This line prints the message "Hello, World!" to the console.
System.out.println("Hello, World!");
}
}

Output:-

2
Practical-2

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Practical-2

Aim:- Write a program to perform arithmetic and bitwise operations in

a single source program without object creation.
Code:-
// This is the declaration of the arith_bitwise class.
public class arith_bitwise
{
// This is the main method, where the program starts execution.
public static void main(String[] args)
{
// This line prints "Prince_Chhodavadiya" to the console.
System.out.println("Prince_Chhodavadiya");

// Declare and initialize two integer variables, 'a' and 'b'.

int a = 20;
int b = 10;

// Perform addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and modulo operations on 'a' and 'b'.
int A = a + b;
System.out.println("Addition: " + A);
int S = a - b;
System.out.println("Subtraction: " + S);
int M = a * b;
System.out.println("Multiplication: " + M);
int D = a / b;
System.out.println("Division: " + D);
int R = a % b;
System.out.println("Remainder: " + R);

// Bitwise Operations
int x = 12; // 1100 in Binary
int y = 6; // 0110 in Binary

// Perform bitwise OR, bitwise AND, bitwise NOT, bitwise XOR,

// bitwise right shift, and bitwise left shift operations on 'x' and 'y'.
int Or = x | y;
System.out.println("Bitwise OR: " + Or);
int And = x & y;
System.out.println("Bitwise AND: " + And);
int NotX = ~x;
System.out.println("Bitwise NOT of x: " + NotX);
int NotY = ~y;
System.out.println("Bitwise NOT of y: " + NotY);
int Xor = x ^ y;
System.out.println("Bitwise XOR: " + Xor);
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int rightShift = x >> 2;

System.out.println("Bitwise Right Shift: " + rightShift);
int leftShift = x << 2;
System.out.println("Bitwise Left Shift: " + leftShift);

}
}

Output:-

5
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Practical-3

Aim:- Write a program to perform arithmetic and bitwise operations by

creating individual methods and classes than create an object to
execute the individual methods of each operation.
Code:-
// This class contains methods for performing arithmetic operations.
class ArithmeticOperations {
public int add(int a, int b) {
return a + b;
}

public int subtract(int a, int b) {

return a - b;
}

public int multiply(int a, int b) {

return a * b;
}

public double divide(int a, int b) {

return (double) a / b;
}

public int modulus(int a, int b) {

return a % b;
}
}

// This class contains methods for performing bitwise operations.

class BitwiseOperations {
public int bitwiseAnd(int x, int y) {
return x & y;
}

public int bitwiseOr(int x, int y) {

return x | y;
}

public int bitwiseXor(int x, int y) {

return x ^ y;
}

public int bitwiseLeftShift(int x, int n) {

return x << n;
}
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public int bitwiseRightShift(int x, int n) {

return x >> n;
}
}
// This is the main class that contains the program's entry point.
public class Arithmetic_Bitwise {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Print a message to the console.
System.out.println("Prince_Chhodavadiya");

// Initialize two integer variables, 'a' and 'b'.

int a = 10;
int b = 5;

// Create instances of the ArithmeticOperations and BitwiseOperations classes.

ArithmeticOperations arithmetic = new ArithmeticOperations();
BitwiseOperations bitwise = new BitwiseOperations();

// Perform arithmetic operations and store the results in variables.

int addition = arithmetic.add(a, b);
int subtraction = arithmetic.subtract(a, b);
int multiplication = arithmetic.multiply(a, b);
double division = arithmetic.divide(a, b);
int modulus = arithmetic.modulus(a, b);

// Initialize two integer variables, 'x' and 'y'.

int x = 12;
int y = 6;

// Perform bitwise operations and store the results in variables.

int bitwiseAnd = bitwise.bitwiseAnd(x, y);
int bitwiseOr = bitwise.bitwiseOr(x, y);
int bitwiseXor = bitwise.bitwiseXor(x, y);
int bitwiseLeftShift = bitwise.bitwiseLeftShift(x, 2);
int bitwiseRightShift = bitwise.bitwiseRightShift(x, 2);

// Print the results of arithmetic operations.

System.out.println("Arithmetic Operations:");
System.out.println(a + " + " + b + " = " + addition);
System.out.println(a + " - " + b + " = " + subtraction);
System.out.println(a + " * " + b + " = " + multiplication);
System.out.println(a + " / " + b + " = " + division);
System.out.println(a + " % " + b + " = " + modulus);

// Print the results of bitwise operations.

System.out.println("\nBitwise Operations:");
System.out.println(x + " & " + y + " = " + bitwiseAnd);

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System.out.println(x + " | " + y + " = " + bitwiseOr);

System.out.println(x + " ^ " + y + " = " + bitwiseXor);
System.out.println(x + " << 2 = " + bitwiseLeftShift);
System.out.println(x + " >> 2 = " + bitwiseRightShift);
}
}
Output:-

9
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Practical-4

Aim:- Write a java program to display the employee details using

Scanner class.
Code:-
// Import the Scanner class from the java.util package to read user input.
import java.util.Scanner;

// Create a class named Employee to represent an employee's information.

class Employee {
// Declare instance variables for name, age, and salary.
String name;
int age;
double salary;

// Method to input employee details.

public void inputDetails() {
// Create a Scanner object to read user input.
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

// Prompt the user to enter the employee's name and read it as a string.
System.out.print("Enter employee name: ");
name = scanner.nextLine();

// Prompt the user to enter the employee's age and read it as an integer.
System.out.print("Enter employee age: ");
age = scanner.nextInt();
// Prompt the user to enter the employee's salary and read it as a double.
System.out.print("Enter employee salary: ");
salary = scanner.nextDouble();
}

// Method to display employee details.

public void displayDetails() {
// Print a header for the employee details.
System.out.println("\nEmployee Details:");
// Print the employee's name, age, and salary.
System.out.println("Name: " + name);
System.out.println("Age: " + age);
System.out.println("Salary: " + salary);
}
}
// Main class that contains the program's entry point. public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Print a message to the console.
System.out.println("Prince_Chhodavadiya");

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// Create an instance of the Employee class to represent an employee.

Employee employee = new Employee();

// Call the inputDetails method to input the employee's information.

employee.inputDetails();

// Call the displayDetails method to display the employee's information.

employee.displayDetails();
}
}
Output:-

12
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Practical-5

Aim:- Write a Java program that prints all real solutions to the quadratic
equation ax2 + bx+c = 0. Read in a, b, c and use the quadratic formula. If
the discriminate b2-4ac is negative, display a message stating that
there are no real solutions?
Code:-
// Import the Scanner class from the java.util package to read user input.
import java.util.Scanner;
// Main class that contains the program's entry point.
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Print a message to the console.
System.out.println("Prince_Chhodavadiya");
// Create a Scanner object to read user input.
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
// Prompt the user to enter coefficients a, b, and c for a quadratic equation.
System.out.print("Enter the coefficient a: ");
double a = scanner.nextDouble();

System.out.print("Enter the coefficient b: ");

double b = scanner.nextDouble();
System.out.print("Enter the coefficient c: ");
double c = scanner.nextDouble();
// Calculate the discriminant of the quadratic equation.
double discriminant = b * b - 4 * a * c;

// Check the discriminant to determine the type of solutions.

if (discriminant > 0) {
// Calculate and display real solutions if the discriminant is positive.
double root1 = (-b + Math.sqrt(discriminant)) / (2 * a);
double root2 = (-b - Math.sqrt(discriminant)) / (2 * a);
System.out.println("Real solutions:");
System.out.println("Root 1: " + root1);
System.out.println("Root 2: " + root2);
} else if (discriminant == 0) {
// Calculate and display a real solution if the discriminant is zero.
double root = -b / (2 * a);
System.out.println("Real solution:");
System.out.println("Root: " + root);
} else {
// Display a message indicating no real solutions if the discriminant is negative.
System.out.println("No real solutions.");

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}
}
Output:-

16
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Practical-6

Aim:- The Fibonacci sequence is defined by the following rule. The first
2 values in the sequence are 1, 1. Every subsequent value is the sum of
the 2 values preceding it. Write a Java program that uses both recursive
and non- recursive functions to print the nth value of the Fibonacci
sequence?
Code:-
// Import the Scanner class from the java.util package to read user input.
import java.util.Scanner;
// Main class that contains the program's entry point. public class Main {
// Recursive function to calculate the nth Fibonacci number
public static int recursiveFibonacci(int n) {
// Base case: If n is 0 or 1, return n.
if (n <= 1) {
return n;
}
// Recursive step: Calculate Fibonacci(n-1) + Fibonacci(n-2).
return recursiveFibonacci(n - 1) + recursiveFibonacci(n - 2);
}
// Non-recursive function to calculate the nth Fibonacci number public static int
nonRecursiveFibonacci(int n) {
// Base case: If n is 0 or 1, return n.
if (n <= 1) {
return n;
}
// Initialize variables to store the previous two Fibonacci numbers.
int prev1 = 1;
int prev2 = 1;
int fib = 0;

// Calculate the nth Fibonacci number iteratively.

for (int i = 2; i < n; i++) {
fib = prev1 + prev2;
prev1 = prev2;
prev2 = fib;
}
return fib;
}

public static void main(String[] args) {

// Print a message to the console.
System.out.println("Prince_Chhodavadiya");

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// Create a Scanner object to read user input.

Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

// Prompt the user to enter the value of n.

System.out.print("Enter the value of n: ");
int n = scanner.nextInt();

// Check if n is non-positive and prompt the user to enter a positive integer.

if (n <= 0) {
System.out.println("Please enter a positive integer.");
return;
}

// Calculate the nth Fibonacci number using both recursive and non-recursive methods.
int recursiveResult = recursiveFibonacci(n);
int nonRecursiveResult = nonRecursiveFibonacci(n);

// Display the results using both methods.

System.out.println("Using Recursive Function:");
System.out.println("Fibonacci(" + n + ") = " + recursiveResult);

System.out.println("\nUsing Non-Recursive Function:");

System.out.println("Fibonacci(" + n + ") = " + nonRecursiveResult);
}
}
Output:-

19
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Practical-6

Aim:- Write a Java program that prompts the user for an integer and
then prints out all the prime numbers up to that Integer?
Code:-
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Main {
// Function to check if a number is prime
public static boolean isPrime(int num) {
// Check if the number is less than or equal to 1; such numbers are not prime.
if (num <= 1) {
return false;
}
// Check if the number is 2 or 3; they are prime.
if (num <= 3) {
return true;
}
// Check if the number is divisible by 2 or 3; if yes, it's not prime.
if (num % 2 == 0 || num % 3 == 0) {
return false;
}
// Check for prime numbers using the 6k +/- 1 rule.
for (int i = 5; i * i <= num; i += 6) {
if (num % i == 0 || num % (i + 2) == 0) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Print a message to the console.
System.out.println("Prince_Chhodavadiya");

// Create a Scanner object to read user input.

Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

// Prompt the user to enter an integer.

System.out.print("Enter an integer: "); int n =
scanner.nextInt();

// Display prime numbers up to the entered integer.

System.out.println("Prime numbers up to " + n + ":");
for (int i = 2; i <= n; i++) {
if (isPrime(i)) {
System.out.print(i + " ");

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}
}
}
}

Output:-

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Practical-8

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Practical-8

Aim:- Write a Java program to multiply two given matrices?

Code:-
// Import the Scanner class from the java.util package to read user input.
import java.util.Scanner;

// Main class that contains the program's entry point.

public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Print a message to the console.
System.out.println("Prince_Chhodavadiya");
// Create a Scanner object to read user input.
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

// Prompt the user to enter the dimensions of the first and second matrices.
System.out.print("Enter the number of rows in the first matrix: ");
int rowsA = scanner.nextInt();
System.out.print("Enter the number of columns in the first matrix: ");
int colsA = scanner.nextInt();
System.out.print("Enter the number of rows in the second matrix: ");
int rowsB = scanner.nextInt();
System.out.print("Enter the number of columns in the second matrix: ");
int colsB = scanner.nextInt();
if (colsA != rowsB) {
System.out.println("Matrix multiplication is not possible.");
return;
}
// Create arrays to store the first and second matrices.
int[][] matrixA = new int[rowsA][colsA];
int[][] matrixB = new int[rowsB][colsB];

// Prompt the user to enter elements of the first matrix.

System.out.println("Enter elements of the first matrix:");
for (int i = 0; i < rowsA; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < colsA; j++) {
matrixA[i][j] = scanner.nextInt();
}
}

// Prompt the user to enter elements of the second matrix.

System.out.println("Enter elements of the second matrix:");
for (int i = 0; i < rowsB; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < colsB; j++) {
matrixB[i][j] = scanner.nextInt();
}

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// Call the multiplyMatrices function to perform matrix multiplication.

int[][] resultMatrix = multiplyMatrices(matrixA, matrixB, rowsA, colsA, colsB);

// Display the resultant matrix after multiplication.

System.out.println("Resultant matrix after multiplication:");
for (int i = 0; i < rowsA; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < colsB; j++) {
System.out.print(resultMatrix[i][j] + " ");
}
System.out.println();
}
}

// Function to multiply two matrices.

public static int[][] multiplyMatrices(int[][] A, int[][] B, int rowsA, int colsA, int colsB) {
int[][] result = new int[rowsA][colsB];

for (int i = 0; i < rowsA; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < colsB; j++) {
result[i][j] = 0;
for (int k = 0; k < colsA; k++) {
result[i][j] += A[i][k] * B[k][j];
}
}
}

return result;
}
}
Output:-

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Practical-9

Aim:- Write a Java program for sorting a given list of names in

ascending order?
Code:-
// Import the necessary classes.
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Scanner;

// Main class that contains the program's entry point.

public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Print a message to the console.
System.out.println("Prince_Chhodavadiya");

// Create a Scanner object to read user input.

Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

// Prompt the user to enter the number of names.

System.out.print("Enter the number of names: ");
int numNames = scanner.nextInt();
scanner.nextLine(); // Consume the newline character

// Create an array to store the names based on the user's input.

String[] names = new String[numNames];

// Prompt the user to enter the names one by one.

System.out.println("Enter the names:");
for (int i = 0; i < numNames; i++) {
names[i] = scanner.nextLine();
}

// Sort the names in ascending order using the Arrays.sort method.

Arrays.sort(names);

// Display the sorted names in ascending order.

System.out.println("Sorted names in ascending order:");
for (String name : names) {
System.out.println(name);
}
}
}

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Output:-

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Practical-10

Aim:- Write a java program for Method overloading and Constructor

overloading.
Code:-
// Create a class named Overloading to demonstrate overloading.
class Overloading {
// Constructor overloading

// Default constructor
public Overloading() {
System.out.println("Default constructor");
}
// Parameterized constructor with an integer argument
public Overloading(int x) {
System.out.println("Parameterized constructor with int: " + x);
}

// Parameterized constructor with a double argument

public Overloading(double y) {
System.out.println("Parameterized constructor with double: " + y);
}
// Method overloading

// Method to add two integers

public int add(int a, int b) {
return a + b;
}
// Method to add two doubles
public double add(double a, double b) {
return a + b;
}
// Method to concatenate two strings
public String add(String s1, String s2) {
return s1 + s2;
}
}

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
// Print a message to the console.
System.out.println("Prince_Chhodavadiya");

// Create instances of the Overloading class with different constructors.

Overloading obj = new Overloading(); // Default constructor

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Overloading objInt = new Overloading(10); // Parameterized constructor with int

Overloading objDouble = new Overloading(5.5); // Parameterized constructor with double

// Call overloaded methods to perform additions and string concatenation.

int result1 = obj.add(5, 3);
double result2 = obj.add(2.5, 3.7);
String result3 = obj.add("Hello, ", "world!");

// Display the results of method overloading.

System.out.println("Result of int addition: " + result1);
System.out.println("Result of double addition: " + result2);
System.out.println("Result of string concatenation: " + result3);
}
}

Output:-

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Practical-11

Aim:- Write a java program to represent Abstract class with example.

Code:-
// Abstract class
abstract class Shape {
// Abstract method (no implementation)
abstract double calculateArea();

void display() {
System.out.println("This is a shape.");
}
}
// Concrete subclass (Circle)
class Circle extends Shape {
double radius;

// Constructor to initialize the circle with a radius

Circle(double radius) {
this.radius = radius;
}
// Override the abstract method to calculate the area of the circle
@Override
double calculateArea() {
return Math.PI * radius * radius;
}
}
// Concrete subclass (Rectangle)
class Rectangle extends Shape {
double length;
double width;

// Constructor to initialize the rectangle with length and width

Rectangle(double length, double width) {
this.length = length;
this.width = width;
}
// Override the abstract method to calculate the area of the rectangle
@Override
double calculateArea() {
return length * width;
}
}

// Main class that contains the program's entry point

public class Main {
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public static void main(String[] args) {

// Print a message to the console
System.out.println("Prince_Chhodavadiya");

// Create instances of Circle and Rectangle

Circle circle = new Circle(5.0);
Rectangle rectangle = new Rectangle(4.0, 6.0);

// Call the display method and calculateArea method for Circle

circle.display();
System.out.println("Circle Area: " + circle.calculateArea());

// Call the display method and calculateArea method for Rectangle

rectangle.display();
System.out.println("Rectangle Area: " + rectangle.calculateArea());
}
}
Output:-

34
Practical-12

35
2403031267030 OOPJ Laboratory

Practical-12

Aim:- Write a java program to implement multiple Inheritances.

Code:-
// Interface for a vehicle
interface Vehicle {
void start(); // Method to start the vehicle
void stop(); // Method to stop the vehicle
}

// Interface for a music player

interface MusicPlayer {
void playMusic(); // Method to play music
void stopMusic(); // Method to stop music
}
// Class representing a Car
class Car implements Vehicle, MusicPlayer {
// Implementing the start method from the Vehicle interface
@Override
public void start() {
System.out.println("Car started.");
}
// Implementing the stop method from the Vehicle interface
@Override
public void stop() {
System.out.println("Car stopped.");
}

// Implementing the playMusic method from the MusicPlayer interface

@Override
public void playMusic() {
System.out.println("Music playing in the car.");
}
public void stopMusic() {
System.out.println("Music stopped in the car.");
}
}
// Main class that contains the program's entry point
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Print a message to the console
System.out.println("Prince_Chhodavadiya");

// Create an instance of the Car class

Car car = new Car();

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// Call various methods to demonstrate vehicle and music player functionality

car.start();
car.playMusic();
car.stopMusic();
car.stop();
}
}

Output:-

37
Practical-13

38
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Practical-13

Aim:- Write a java program to demonstrate method overriding and

super keyword.
Code:-
// Base class representing an Animal
class Animal {
// Method to make a generic animal sound
void makeSound() {
System.out.println("Some generic animal sound");
}
}
// Subclass Dog extends Animal
class Dog extends Animal {
// Override the makeSound method to provide a specific sound for dogs
void makeSound() {
System.out.println("Woof! Woof!");
}

// Additional method specific to the Dog class

void display() {
System.out.println("This is a dog.");
}
// Method to demonstrate calling the superclass's makeSound method using 'super'
void makeSuperSound() {
super.makeSound(); // Calling the superclass's method using 'super'
}
}
// Main class that contains the program's entry point
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Print a message to the console
System.out.println("Prince_Chhodavadiya");

// Create an instance of the Dog class

Dog dog = new Dog();
// Call the display method of the Dog class
dog.display(); // Call subclass's method
// Call the overridden makeSound method of the Dog class
dog.makeSound(); // Call overridden method in subclass

// Call the makeSuperSound method to demonstrate calling the superclass's method

dog.makeSuperSound(); // Call superclass's method using 'super'
}
}
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Output:-

40
Practical-14

41
2403031267030 OOPJ Laboratory

Practical-14

Aim:- Write a java program to implement Interface using extends

keyword.
Code:-
// Interface for a shape
interface Shape {
double calculateArea(); // Method to calculate the area of the shape
double calculatePerimeter(); // Method to calculate the perimeter of the shape
}

// Class representing a rectangle that implements the Shape interface

class Rectangle implements Shape {
double length;
double width;

// Constructor to initialize the rectangle with length and width

Rectangle(double length, double width) {
this.length = length;
this.width = width;
}
// Implementing the calculateArea method from the Shape interface
@Override
public double calculateArea() {
return length * width;
}
// Implementing the calculatePerimeter method from the Shape interface
@Override
public double calculatePerimeter() {
return 2 * (length + width);
}
}
// Main class that contains the program's entry point
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Print a message to the console
System.out.println("Prince_Chhodavadiya");
// Create an instance of the Rectangle class with specified dimensions
Rectangle rectangle = new Rectangle(4.0, 6.0);
// Calculate the area and perimeter of the rectangle
double area = rectangle.calculateArea();
double perimeter = rectangle.calculatePerimeter();

// Display the calculated area and perimeter

System.out.println("Rectangle Area: " + area);
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System.out.println("Rectangle Perimeter: " + perimeter);

}
}

Output:-

43
Practical-15

44
2403031267030 OOPJ Laboratory

Practical-15

Aim:- Write a java program to create inner classes.

Code:-
// OuterClass represents the outer class
class OuterClass {
private int outerValue = 10; // Private member variable of the outer class

// InnerClass represents the inner class within OuterClass

class InnerClass {
// Method to display the value of outerValue from the outer class
void display() {
System.out.println("Value from InnerClass: " + outerValue);
}
}

// Method in the outer class to create and use the inner class
void useInnerClass() {
InnerClass inner = new InnerClass(); // Create an instance of the inner class
inner.display(); // Call the display method of the inner class
}
}

// Main class that contains the program's entry point

public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Print a message to the console
System.out.println("Prince_Chhodavadiya");

// Create an instance of the OuterClass

OuterClass outer = new OuterClass();

// Call the useInnerClass method to demonstrate using the inner class

outer.useInnerClass();
}
}

Output:-

45
Practical-16

46
2403031267030 OOPJ Laboratory

Practical-16

Aim:- Write a java program to create user defined package.

Code:-
/* Let's say we want to create a package named "com.example" and include a class called "Calculator"
within it.
Create a new directory structure for your package. In your project folder, create a folder named "com"
and within it, create another folder named "example".
Create the "Calculator.java" file and place it inside the "com/example" folder.
com/example/Calculator.java */
package com.example;
public class Calculator {
public int add(int a, int b) {
return a + b;
}
public int subtract(int a, int b) {
return a - b;
}
public int multiply(int a, int b) {
return a * b;
}
public int divide(int a, int b) {
if (b != 0) {
return a / b;
} else {
throw new ArithmeticException("Cannot divide by zero!");
}
}
}
// Now, create another file outside the "com" folder to access the Calculator class from the user-
defined package.
import com.example.Calculator;
public class PackageExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Calculator calculator = new Calculator();
int result = calculator.add(5, 3);
System.out.println("Addition: " + result);
result = calculator.subtract(5, 3);
System.out.println("Subtraction: " + result);
result = calculator.multiply(5, 3);
System.out.println("Multiplication: " + result);
result = calculator.divide(10, 2);
System.out.println("Division: " + result);
}
}

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Output:-

48
Practical-17

49
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Practical-17

Aim:- Write a Java program that displays the number of characters,

lines and words in a text?
Code:-
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
// Print a message to the console
System.out.println("Prince_Chhodavadiya");

// Create a Scanner object to read user input

Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

// Prompt the user to enter text with instructions

System.out.println("Enter your text (Enter an empty line to finish):");

int charCount = 0; // Variable to count characters

int wordCount = 0; // Variable to count words
int lineCount = 0; // Variable to count lines

// Continue reading lines of text until an empty line is entered

while (true) {
String line = scanner.nextLine();

if (line.isEmpty()) {
break; // Exit the loop when an empty line is entered
}
// Count characters by adding the length of the line
charCount += line.length();

// Split the line into words using space as a delimiter and count words
String[] words = line.split("\\s+");
wordCount += words.length;

// Increment the line count for each line read

lineCount++;
}
// Display the counts of characters, words, and lines
System.out.println("Character count: " + charCount);
System.out.println("Word count: " + wordCount);
System.out.println("Line count: " + lineCount);
}
}
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Output:-

51
Practical-18

52
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Practical-18

Aim:- Write a Java program that checks whether a given string is a

palindrome or not. Ex: MADAM is a palindrome?
Code:-
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
// Print a message to the console
System.out.println("Prince_Chhodavadiya");

// Create a Scanner object to read user input

Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

// Prompt the user to enter a string

System.out.print("Enter a string: ");
String input = scanner.nextLine();

// Check if the input string is a palindrome and display the result

if (isPalindrome(input)) {
System.out.println("The string is a palindrome.");
} else {
System.out.println("The string is not a palindrome.");
}
}
// Function to check if a string is a palindrome
public static boolean isPalindrome(String str) {
str = str.toLowerCase(); // Convert the string to lowercase for case-insensitive comparison

int left = 0;
int right = str.length() - 1;

// Compare characters from the beginning and end of the string

while (left < right) {
if (str.charAt(left) != str.charAt(right)) {
return false; // If characters do not match, it's not a palindrome
}
left++;
right--;
}

return true; // If the loop completes without finding a mismatch, it's a palindrome
}
}

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Output:-

54
Practical-19

55
2403031267030 OOPJ Laboratory

Practical-19

Aim:- Write a Java program that reads a line of integers and then
displays each integer and the sum of all integers. (Use StringTokenizer
class)?
Code:-
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
// Print a message to the console
System.out.println("Prince_Chhodavadiya");

// Create a Scanner object to read user input

Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

// Prompt the user to enter a line of integers separated by spaces

System.out.print("Enter a line of integers separated by spaces: ");
String inputLine = scanner.nextLine();

// Create a StringTokenizer to tokenize the input string

StringTokenizer tokenizer = new StringTokenizer(inputLine);
int sum = 0; // Initialize the sum to zero

// Display a message indicating the integers and their sum

System.out.println("Integers and their sum:");

// Iterate through the tokens (integers) in the input string

while (tokenizer.hasMoreTokens()) {
String token = tokenizer.nextToken(); // Get the next token (string)
int number = Integer.parseInt(token); // Parse the token to an integer

System.out.println(number); // Print the integer

sum += number; // Add the integer to the sum
}

// Display the sum of all integers in the input

System.out.println("Sum of all integers: " + sum);
}
}

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Output:-

57
Practical-20

58
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Practical-20

Aim:- Write a java program for creating single try block with multiple
catch blocks.
Code:-
import java.util.InputMismatchException;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
// Print a message to the console
System.out.println("Prince_Chhodavadiya");

// Create a Scanner object to read user input

Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

try {
// Prompt the user to enter a number
System.out.print("Enter a number: ");
int number = scanner.nextInt(); // Read an integer from the user

// Perform a division operation that may throw an ArithmeticException if 'number' is 0

int result = 10 / number;

// Display the result of the division

System.out.println("Result: " + result);
} catch (InputMismatchException e) {
// Handle the case where the user enters invalid input (non-integer)
System.out.println("Invalid input! Please enter a valid number.");
} catch (ArithmeticException e) {
// Handle the case where division by zero occurs
System.out.println("Error: Division by zero.");
} catch (Exception e) {
// Handle any other unexpected exceptions
System.out.println("An unexpected error occurred.");
} finally {
// This block is executed regardless of whether an exception was thrown
System.out.println("Execution completed.");
scanner.close(); // Close the scanner to prevent resource leakage
}
}
}

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Output:-

60
Practical-21

61
2403031267030 OOPJ Laboratory

Practical-21

Aim:- Write a program for multiple try blocks and multiple catch blocks
including finally.
Code:-
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Print a message to the console
System.out.println("Prince_Chhodavadiya");

try {
// Attempt to access an element outside the bounds of the array
int[] numbers = { 1, 2, 3 };
System.out.println(numbers[5]); // This will throw an ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException
} catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
// Handle the specific exception for array index out of bounds
System.out.println("Array index out of bounds!");
}

try {
// Attempt to access the length of a null string
String str = null;
System.out.println(str.length()); // This will throw a NullPointerException
} catch (NullPointerException e) {
// Handle the specific exception for a null pointer
System.out.println("NullPointerException occurred!");
}

try {
// Attempt to perform division by zero
int result = 10 / 0; // This will throw an ArithmeticException
System.out.println("Result: " + result);
} catch (ArithmeticException e) {
// Handle the specific exception for arithmetic errors
System.out.println("ArithmeticException occurred!");
} finally {
// This block is executed regardless of whether an exception was thrown
System.out.println("Finally block executed.");
}

// Display a message indicating that the program has completed

System.out.println("Program completed.");
}
}

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Output:-

63
Practical-22

64
2403031267030 OOPJ Laboratory

Practical-22

Aim:- Write a program to create user defined exception.

Code:-
// Custom exception class that extends Exception
class CustomException extends Exception {
public CustomException(String message) {
super(message);
}
}

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
// Print a message to the console
System.out.println("Prince_Chhodavadiya");

try {
// Attempt to set a negative age
int age = -5;
if (age < 0) {
// Throw a CustomException with a custom error message
throw new CustomException("Age cannot be negative");
}
System.out.println("Age: " + age);
} catch (CustomException e) {
// Catch and handle the CustomException
System.out.println("CustomException caught: " + e.getMessage());
}
}
}
Output:-

65
Practical-23

66
2403031267030 OOPJ Laboratory

Practical-23

Aim:- Write a java program for producer and consumer problem using
Threads.
Code:-
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.Queue;

// A class representing a buffer for producing and consuming items

class Buffer {
private Queue<Integer> queue;
private int maxSize;

public Buffer(int maxSize) {

this.maxSize = maxSize;
this.queue = new LinkedList<>();
}
public synchronized void produce(int item) throws InterruptedException {
while (queue.size() == maxSize) {
wait(); // Wait if the buffer is full
}
queue.add(item); // Add the item to the buffer
System.out.println("Produced: " + item);
notify(); // Notify waiting consumers that an item is available
}

// Method for consuming an item from the buffer

public synchronized int consume() throws InterruptedException {
while (queue.isEmpty()) {
wait(); // Wait if the buffer is empty
}
int item = queue.poll(); // Remove and retrieve the item from the buffer
System.out.println("Consumed: " + item);
notify(); // Notify waiting producers that space is available
return item;
}
}
// A producer thread that adds items to the buffer
class Producer implements Runnable {
private Buffer buffer;
public Producer(Buffer buffer) {
this.buffer = buffer;
}
@Override
public void run() {

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try {
for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {
buffer.produce(i); // Produce an item and add it to the buffer
Thread.sleep(1000); // Sleep for 1 second
}
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
}
}
}

// A consumer thread that removes items from the buffer

class Consumer implements Runnable {
private Buffer buffer;

public Consumer(Buffer buffer) {

this.buffer = buffer;
}

@Override
public void run() {
try {
for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {
int item = buffer.consume(); // Consume an item from the buffer
Thread.sleep(1500); // Sleep for 1.5 seconds
}
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
}
}
}

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
// Print a message to the console
System.out.println("Prince_Chhodavadiya");

// Create a buffer with a maximum size of 3

Buffer buffer = new Buffer(3);

// Create producer and consumer threads

Thread producerThread = new Thread(new Producer(buffer));
Thread consumerThread = new Thread(new Consumer(buffer));

// Start the producer and consumer threads

producerThread.start();
consumerThread.start();
}
}

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Output:-

69
Practical-24

70
2403031267030 OOPJ Laboratory

Practical-24

Aim:- Write a java program that implements a multi-thread application

that has three threads. First thread generates random integer every 1
second and if the value is even, second thread computes the square of
the number and prints. If the value is odd, the third thread will print
the value of cube of the number.
Code:-
import java.util.Random;

// A Runnable class that generates random numbers

class RandomNumberGenerator implements Runnable {
@Override
public void run() {
Random random = new Random();

while (true) {
int number = random.nextInt(100); // Generate a random integer between 0 and 99
System.out.println("Generated: " + number);

// Depending on whether the number is even or odd, create and start threads for square or cube
calculation
if (number % 2 == 0) {
Thread t2 = new Thread(new SquareCalculator(number));
t2.start(); // Start the square calculator thread
} else {
Thread t3 = new Thread(new CubeCalculator(number));
t3.start(); // Start the cube calculator thread
}

try {
Thread.sleep(1000); // Sleep for 1 second
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
}
}
}
}

// A Runnable class that calculates the square of a number

class SquareCalculator implements Runnable {
private int number;

public SquareCalculator(int number) {

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this.number = number;
}

@Override
public void run() {
int square = number * number;
System.out.println("Square of " + number + ": " + square);
}
}

// A Runnable class that calculates the cube of a number

class CubeCalculator implements Runnable {
private int number;

public CubeCalculator(int number) {

this.number = number;
}

@Override
public void run() {
int cube = number * number * number;
System.out.println("Cube of " + number + ": " + cube);
}
}

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
// Print a message to the console
System.out.println("Prince_Chhodavadiya");

// Create and start the random number generator thread

Thread t1 = new Thread(new RandomNumberGenerator());
t1.start();
}
}
Output:-

72
Practical-25

73
2403031267030 OOPJ Laboratory

Practical-25

Aim:- Write a program to create dynamic array using ArrayList class

and the print the contents of the array object.
Code:-
import java.util.ArrayList;

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
// Print a message to the console
System.out.println("Prince_Chhodavadiya");

// Create an ArrayList of integers called dynamicArray

ArrayList<Integer> dynamicArray = new ArrayList<>();

// Add elements to the ArrayList

dynamicArray.add(10);
dynamicArray.add(20);
dynamicArray.add(30);
dynamicArray.add(40);

// Print the contents of the array

System.out.println("Contents of the array:");
for (int i = 0; i < dynamicArray.size(); i++) {
System.out.println(dynamicArray.get(i)); // Get and print the element at index 'i'
}
}
}
Output:-

74
Practical-26

75
2403031267030 OOPJ Laboratory

Practical-26

Aim:- Write programs to implement add, search and remove operation

on ArrayList object.
Code:-
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("Prince_Chhodavadiya");

// Create an ArrayList to store items

ArrayList<String> items = new ArrayList<>();

// Create a Scanner for user input

Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

while (true) {
System.out.println("Options:");
System.out.println("1. Add item");
System.out.println("2. Search item");
System.out.println("3. Remove item");
System.out.println("4. Exit");
System.out.print("Enter your choice: ");

// Read the user's choice

int choice = scanner.nextInt();
scanner.nextLine(); // Consume the newline character

switch (choice) {
case 1:
System.out.print("Enter item to add: ");
String newItem = scanner.nextLine();
items.add(newItem);
System.out.println("Item added: " + newItem);
break;
case 2:
System.out.print("Enter item to search: ");
String searchItem = scanner.nextLine();

// Check if the item exists in the list

if (items.contains(searchItem)) {
System.out.println(searchItem + " found in the list.");
} else {
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System.out.println(searchItem + " not found in the list.");

}
break;
case 3:
System.out.print("Enter item to remove: ");
String removeItem = scanner.nextLine();

// Check if the item exists in the list and remove it

if (items.contains(removeItem)) {
items.remove(removeItem);
System.out.println(removeItem + " removed from the list.");
} else {
System.out.println(removeItem + " not found in the list.");
}
break;
case 4:
System.out.println("Exiting...");
scanner.close(); // Close the scanner
return;
default:
System.out.println("Invalid choice. Please choose again.");
}
}
}
}
Output:-

77